Day114-美语发音听力.mp31:13
来自尹彧
The planning, design and installation of capital equipment is also only a part of the increase in productivity through the substitution of “brain” for “brawn”.
规划、设计和安装资本设备仍然只能反映以“脑力”取代“体力”后所提升的一小部分生产力而已。
At least as important is the contribution made through the direct change of the character of work from one requiring the manual labor of many people, skilled and unskilled, to one requiring the theoretical analysis and conceptual planning of men of vision and education without any investment in capital equipment whatsoever.
至少同等重要的是直接转换工作性质对于生产力的贡献——从需要许多技术性或非技术性劳动力，转换成需要受过教育、见多识广的人才进行理论化的分析与概念性的规划工作，而不需任何资本设备的投资。
Recent studies (for instance, one made by the Stanford Research Institute) show quite clearly that the productivity differential between Western Europe and the United States is not a matter of capital investment.
最近的研究（例如斯坦福研究院所做的研究）清楚地显示，西欧和美国的生产力差距与资本投资的问题并不相关。
In many European industries capital investment and equipment were found to be fully equal to America; yet productivity was as much as two thirds below that of the corresponding American industry.
许多欧洲产业的资本投资和设备都和美国企业不相上下，然而西欧产业的生产力却只有美国同产业的2/3。
The only explanation is the lower proportion of managers and technicians and the poor organization structure of European industry with its reliance on manual skill.
唯一的解释是西欧企业高度依赖人工技能，管理者和技术人员所占的比例较低，而且组织结构较不完善。
REFERENCE:
- planning 规划
- installation 安装
- capital equipment 资本设备
- increase 提升，增加
- productivity 生产力
- substitution 取代
- brain 脑力
- brawn 体力
- at least 至少
- important 重要
- contribution 贡献
- direct change 直接转换
- character 性质
- require 需要
- manual labor 劳动力
- skilled 技术性的
- unskilled 非技术性的
- theoretical analysis 理论化的分析
- conceptual 概念性的
- vision 见多识广
- education 教育
- investment 投资
- whatsoever 任何
- recent studies 最近的研究
- for instance 例如
- Stanford Research Institute 斯坦福研究院
- show quite clearly 清楚地显示
- differential 差距
- Western Europe 西欧
- United States 美国
- matter 问题
- European industries 欧洲产业
- equal 不相上下的，同等的
- yet 然而
- two thirds 2/3
- corresponding 相应的
- explanation 解释
- lower proportion 比例较低
- manager 管理者
- technician 技术人员
- poor organization structure 组织结构不完善
- reliance 依赖
- manual skill 人工技能
本文内容来源参考书籍《管理的实践》
The Practice of Management
Peter F. Drucker
* 本书为第一部从实际执行层面立论的管理学书籍，第一部兼顾管理现有企业和创新未来企业的著作
關鍵字: investment 专业英语 European
