任它涌动：全球葡萄酒贸易

Let it flow: the global trade in wine

European countries remain the world’s top wine exporters, but other countries are catching up.

by ITC News

任它涌动：全球葡萄酒贸易

欧洲国家仍是全球排名最前列的葡萄酒出口国，但其它国家正在迎头赶上。

来自ITC新闻

Across the Northern Hemisphere, vineyards these days are full of grape pickers. Despite problems caused by climate change, many are hoping for a bumper harvest as a result of this summer‘s hot weather. Probably the most popular beverage in the world after water, the global trade in wine was worth more than $35.5 billion in 2017. Europe accounted for 69% of these exports, led by France, Italy and Spain.

近期，北半球的葡萄园里到处都是采摘葡萄的人。尽管气候变化带来了种种问题，但许多人仍希望今年夏天的炎热天气能带来大丰收。可能是继水之后世界上最受欢迎的饮料，2017年全球葡萄酒贸易额超过355亿美元。以法国、意大利和西班牙为代表，欧洲占了产品出口额的69%。

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Wine from other continents are doing well international markets, too. Australia, for example, exported more wine than Spain between 2004 and 2006. In 2017 it exported $2.1 billion worth of wine and in 2013-2017, its exports grew at a steady 3%. Australia’s main markets were China, the US and the UK, importing respectively $655m, $359m and $279 million worth of wine. Still, Australia has room for growth with $153.8m in unexplored wine export opportunities.

来自其他大洲的葡萄酒在国际市场上也很畅销。例如，2004年至2006年，澳大利亚的葡萄酒出口量就超过了西班牙。2017年，西班牙出口了价值21亿美元的葡萄酒，在2013-2017年，这个数据稳步增长了3%。澳大利亚的主要市场是中国、美国和英国，2017年，三国分别进口了价值6.55亿美元、3.59亿美元和2.79亿美元的葡萄酒。并且，澳大利亚仍有增长空间，它未开发的葡萄酒出口机会价值1.538亿美元。

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Since 2010 Chile has become a serious competitor to Australia, surpassing the latter’s wine exports between 2013 and 2016, and exporting $2 billion in 2017. In addition, Chile is targeting similar markets. In 2017, the top three destinations for Chilean wine were China, the US and Japan, with exports of $323m, $248m and $207m respectively.

自2010年以来，智利已成为澳大利亚的一个重要竞争对手，它在2013年至2016年间的葡萄酒出口额超过了澳大利亚，并在2017年出口了价值20亿美元的产品。此外，智利也瞄准了和后者类似的市场。2017年，智利葡萄酒的三大出口目的地分别是中国、美国和日本，出口额分别为3.23亿美元、2.48亿美元和2.07亿美元。

Europe aside, the country with the most untapped wine export potential is South Africa. This is despite South Africa not being among the world’s top 10 wine exporters, and is behind other so-called ‘new world wine’ exporters such as New Zealand and Argentina. Currently South Africa exports $717m worth of wine, but has $273m worth of opportunities to explore, according Export Potential Map.

撇开欧洲不谈，南非是葡萄酒出口潜力最大的国家。尽管南非不在全球十大葡萄酒出口国之列，而且仍落后于新西兰和阿根廷等其他所谓的“新世界葡萄酒”出口国。然而根据“出口潜力地图”(Export Potential Map)的数据，南非目前出口价值7.17亿美元的葡萄酒，但它拥有价值2.73亿美元的机会可供开发。

The biggest markets for wine are the United States and the United Kingdom, importing $6.2 billion and $4.1 billion respectively, followed by Germany and China.

最大的葡萄酒市场是美国和英国，进口额分别为62亿美元和41亿美元，紧随其后的是德国和中国。

In fact, China, together with Hong Kong, in 2013-17 experienced steady growth in wine imports of 18% and 12% respectively. This could partly be a result of China lowering its tariffs on wine from certain countries considerably in the past decade, setting it on course to soon become the second largest importer after the US.

事实上，2013-17年，中国和香港的葡萄酒进口量分别稳步增长了18%和12%。这在一定程度上可能是因为中国在过去10年大幅降低了某些国家的葡萄酒关税，使中国很快成为仅次于美国的第二大葡萄酒进口国。