題型分析
“短文填空”的考查方式是給出一段200詞左右的短文,在短文中挖出10個空,要求考生通讀短文,掌握大意,然後補全短文,每空一詞。其中所填的單詞是初中英語課標要求掌握的單詞,主要以八大詞類(名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞等)為主。
近幾年短文填空沒有圖片,難度較往年有所加大。主要考查以下幾個方面的能力:(1)對上下文的理解和把握;(2)推測句子的真正含義以及根據生活常識進行判斷;(3)邏輯推理能力;(4)對習慣用法和常用搭配的掌握情況,注意本題不是單純考查語法知識;(5)在一定的語境中考查學生的語法知識、詞彙知識和語用知識等的掌握情況。
近幾年短文填空有如下特點:
(1)選材貼近生活,體現學科核心素養。
近幾年均選用了通俗易懂、熟悉地道的故事性語言材料,學生讀起來容易理解故事情節。
(2)考查重點突出,答案靈活。
重點考查名詞、動詞、形容詞、連詞,其中對名詞及動詞相關時態的靈活運用考查較多,且答案多樣化,充分考慮了學生思維的多樣性。
(3)難度較大,得分率較低。
短文填空題歷年來難度最大,要求學生在讀懂原文的基礎上,準確填寫所缺的詞,同時還要注意時態、語態、詞形的變化,對學生的基本功要求很高,是令學生最頭痛的考題。近幾年此題型的平均分僅為3.96分,是考生失分最嚴重的題型。
2017~2019年廣東中考英語短文填空考點分析
真題分析
(2019·廣東 )短文填空(本大題有10小題, 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
請用適當的詞完成下面的短文,並把所缺單詞填寫在答題卡指定的位置上。每個空只能填寫一個形式正確、意義相符的單詞。
Last winter holiday, I visited a village with only 11 houses. 71 the village was very small, I spent a whole day in it.
The village became popular because 72 Grandpa Huang’s hard work.He bought a house there over 30 years 73 , but in 2010 the village was to be pulled down.In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of 74 own house and other houses.He painted things that he liked.In the village, there were many paintings of 75 , such as cats and birds.The most popular paintings for visitors were of famous people.One of them was a picture of Andy.He was my 76 singer.I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to 77 a photo of that painting and me.On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted 78 lot of well-known Chinese sayings.From them, Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy 79 .
I really had a good time in the village 80 wished to visit it again.
【參考答案】
本文是一篇遊記,主要記敘了“我”在去年寒假參觀一個小村莊的所見所聞。
71.Although/Though 考查從屬連詞。此句的前後內容之間存在讓步關係,故用表示讓步關係的although或though。此句意為“雖然這個村子很小,但我在裡面度過了一天的時光。”
72.of 考查介詞短語。短語because of意為“因為,由於”,後接名詞( 短語 )、代詞或動名詞等。Grandpa Huang’s hard work是名詞短語。句意:由於黃爺爺的努力,村子變得很受歡迎。
73.ago 考查時間副詞。結合語境可推知,此處指在30多年前,黃爺爺在那裡買了一所房子。ago意為“以前,以往”,與一般過去時連用。
74.his 考查物主代詞。結合空格後的“own house and other houses”可推知,此處指黃爺爺他自己的房子,故用his。
75.animals 考查名詞。結合空格後的“such as cats and birds”,可知此處指很多動物的畫。
76.favo(u)rite 考查形容詞。結合下一句“I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to…a photo of that painting and me.”可推知,Andy是“我”最喜愛的歌手。
77.take 考查動詞短語。短語take a photo of…意為“給……拍照片”。此處指給“我”和那幅畫拍一張照片。
78.a 考查冠詞和固定搭配。短語a lot of意為“很多”。
79.life 考查名詞和固定搭配。結合上一句可推知,黃爺爺從這些中國諺語中學習去過長壽且幸福的生活。live a long and happy life意為“過著長壽且幸福的生活”。
80.and 考查並列連詞。and在此處表示並列,連接兩個並列的謂語動詞。
在線練習
（一）
Tommy lived in a village with his grandpa. Each morning Grandpa got up early to read his 1 .
One day Tommy asked, “Grandpa! I try to read books like you, but I always forget 2 I have read very soon. What’s the advantage of reading books?”
Grandpa didn’t reply him 3 . He pointed to an old dirty basket in the corner and said, “Take this basket to the river and bring me back a basket of water.” Tommy did as he was told. Of course, he brought back 4 empty basket. Grandpa laughed and said, “You’ll have to walk faster next time.”
Tommy did again. This time he ran faster 5 the result was the same.
“Grandpa, it was impossible to carry water in a basket.”
“Tommy, I don’t think you are trying hard enough. Why do you 6 up so easily?”
With lots of questions in mind, Tommy decided to have the last try. This time he did it even faster, but no matter how hard he tried, he still 7 .
“See, Grandpa, it’s still useless! The basket can never be filled 8 water.” Tommy shouted when he got into the house. He ran so fast that he was out of breath.
“So you think it’s useless? Look at the basket.” Grandpa said.
Tommy looked at the basket and for the first time, he realized that it was different. Instead of a dirty old basket, it was 9 inside and outside.
“Tommy, that is what happens to you when you read books. You might not understand or remember 10 , but when you read, you will be changed little by little, inside and outside.”
【答案】
66. book(s) 67. what 68. directly/immediately 69. an 70.but
71. give 72. failed 73. with 74. clean 75. everything/well/them
（二）
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. The Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them.This special 1.________ is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar (陰曆). It stands 2._______ the start of spring and farming.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call 3._______ the
“descendants (傳人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people 4.________ the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs(傳統) about dragons.
On the day in ancient times(古代), people 5.________ ashes (灰) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the 6._______ of the dragon, they could have a good harvest (收成) 7.________ autumn. Also, people eat special 8.________ on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (細須)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have disappeared. But one that has 9.________ is the cutting of hair. It was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the 10.________ —mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
【答案】
1. day 2. for 3. ourselves 4.celebrate 5.put
6. help 7. in 8.food(s) 9.remained 10.uncles
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