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Official 04-Lecture 3.m4a4:30
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1. What does the professor mainly discuss?
A. His plans for research involving moving rocks.
B. A difference between two geological forces that cause rocks to move.
C. Theories about why desert rocks move.
D. Reasons why geologists should study moving rocks.
2.According to the professor, what have the researchers agreed on?
A. The rocks cannot move after ice storms.
B. The rocks do not move at night.
C. The rocks never move in circles.
D. The rocks are not moved by people.
3.The professor mentions experiments on the wind speed necessary to move rocks. What is the professor’s attitude toward the experiments?
A. Their results were decisive.
B. They were not carried out carefully.
C. They were not continued long enough to reach a conclusion.
D. The government should not have allowed the experiments.
4.What important point does the professor make about the area where the rocks are found?
A. It has been the site of Earth’s highest wind speeds.
B. It is subject to laws that restrict experimentation.
C. It is accessible to heavy machinery.
D. It is not subject to significant changes in temperature.
5.What is the professor’s purpose in telling the students about moving rocks?
A. To teach a lesson about the structure of solid matter.
B. To share a recent advance in geology.
C. To give an example of how ice can move rocks.
D. To show how geologists need to combine information from several fields.
6. What does the professor imply when he says this? Most of the rocks move in the same direction as the dominant wind pattern, from southwest to northeast. But some, and this is interesting, move straight west, while some zigzag... or even move in large circles. Hmmm... how can that be?
A. The movement pattern of the rocks was misreported by researchers.
B. The rocks are probably being moved by people.
C. The movement pattern of the rocks does not support the wind theory.
D. There must be differences in the rocks’ composition.
答案 1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6C
Listen to part of a lecture in a geology class.
筆記
geo
MALE PROFESSOR
Now, we’ve got a few minutes before we leave for today. So I’ll just touch on an interesting subject that I think makes an important point. We’ve been covering rocks, and different types of rocks, for the last several weeks, but next week we’re going to do something a bit different. And to get started I thought I’d mention something that shows how, uhh, as a geologist, you need to know about more than just rocks and the structure of solid matter.
常規 介紹背景 引入主題
Moving rocks. You may have heard about them.
主題 記下筆記 move rock
It’s quite a mystery. Death Valley is this desert plain...a dry lakebed in California, surrounded by mountains, and on the desert floor are these huge rocks... some of them hundreds of pounds... and they
move! They leave long trails behind them—tracks you might say—as they move from one point to another. But nobody has been able to figure out how they’re moving because no one has ever seen it happen. Now there are a lot of theories（第一題答案出處，需結合全文）, but all we know for sure is that people aren’t moving the rocks（第二題答案出處）. There’re no footprints, no tire tracks, and no heavy machinery—like a bulldozer, umm nothing was ever brought in to move these heavy rocks.提煉 記下筆記
desert huge rock move long
× figure out ＆ see
Theories sure × people
注意適當提高詞彙量，方法包括聽寫單詞、聽力過程中積累；很多單詞其實知道意思，就是在聽力過程中由於陌生反應不過來或者是聽不清連讀等而不能識別
So what’s going on? Theory number one: wind. Some researchers think powerful, um, windstorms might move the rocks. Most of the rocks move in the same direction as the dominant wind pattern, from southwest to northeast. But some, and this is interesting, move straight west, while some zigzag... or even move in
large circles. Hmmm... how can that be?（第六題答案出處）筆記
1 wind
same directtion domain pattern southwest→northeast
West zigzag circle? how
How ’bout wind combined with rain? The ground of this desert is made of clay. It’s a desert, so it’s dry. But when there is the occasional rain, the clay ground becomes extremely slippery. It’s hard for anyone to stand on, walk on. Some scientists theorize that perhaps when the ground is slippery, the high winds can then move the rocks.
筆記
2 wind ＆ rain
gound clay when rain slippery
wind move
There’s a problem with this theory. One team of scientists flooded an area of the desert with water, then tried to establish how much wind force would be necessary to move the rocks. And get this, you need winds of at least 500 miles an hour to move just the smallest rocks, and winds that strong have never been recorded, ever, not on this planet. So I think it’s safe to say that that issue’s been settled.（第三題答案出處，題目考察時稱之為experiment，但原文中未出現該詞，需要理解整段文本的意思才能找到對應的出題點）
筆記
Problem1
Flood establish wind force to move
500 miles/hr to small^ not on planet
Here’s another possibility. Ice. It’s possible that rain on the desert floor could turn to thin sheets of ice when temperatures drop at night. So, if rocks uh become embedded in ice, uh, OK, could a piece of ice with rocks in it be pushed around by the wind?But there’s a problem with this theory too. Rocks trapped in ice together would have moved together when the ice moved. But that doesn’t always happen. The rocks seem to take separate routes.
筆記
3 ice
○→rain ℃ drop
Rock trap together move together
P2 separate route
There are a few other theories. Maybe the ground vibrates, or maybe the ground itself is shifting, tilting. Maybe the rocks are moved by a magnetic force. But sadly, all these ideas have been eliminated as possibilities. There’s just no evidence.
筆記
Other theory
ground vibrate shift tilt
magnetic force
Eliminate possibility
no evidence
I bet you’re saying to yourself, well, why don’t scientists just set up video cameras to record what actually happens? Thing is, this is a protected wilderness area, so by law, that type of research isn’t allowed.（第四題答案出處） Besides, in powerful windstorms, sensitive camera equipment would be destroyed. So why can’t researchers just live there for a while until they observe the rocks moving? Same reason. So where are we now? Well, right now we still don’t have any answers.
筆記
1 Why not camera record
Protected winderness area by law × allow
Destroy
2 Why not live
Same reason
Now no answer
So all this leads back to my main point. You need to know about more than just rocks as geologists. The researchers studying moving rocks, well they combined their knowledge of rocks with knowledge of wind, ice, and such, uhh not successfully, not yet, but y’know... they wouldn’t even have been able to get started without, umm... earth science understanding. Knowledge about wind . . . storms . . . you know, meteorology. You need to understand physics. So for several weeks, like I said, we’ll be addressing geology from a wider perspective.（第五題答案出處）
筆記
Know more than geology earth science meteorology
Wider oerspective
I guess that’s all for today. See you next time.
1. What does the professor mainly discuss?
主旨題，A D 無中生有 B 真假參半（未比較difference）
A. His plans for research involving moving rocks.
B. A difference between two geological forces that cause rocks to move.
C. Theories about why desert rocks move.
D. Reasons why geologists should study moving rocks.
2. According to the professor, what have the researchers agreed on?
最簡單的一類細節題，直接找文中的某一句話為出題點，聽到就能答對
A. The rocks cannot move after ice storms.
B. The rocks do not move at night.
C. The rocks never move in circles.
D. The rocks are not moved by people.
3. The professor mentions experiments on the wind speed necessary to move rocks. What is the professor’s attitude toward the experiments?
態度題，1 wind speed 幫助定位到 500 miles per hour，2 experiment 暗指flood，需要理解後才能定位，3 態度參考So I think it’s safe to say that that issue’s been settled. 頗有難度，難在1 experiment一次未出現在原文中2 態度句不夠典型
A. Their results were decisive.
B. They were not carried out carefully.
C. They were not continued long enough to reach a conclusion.
D. The government should not have allowed the experiments.
4. What important point does the professor make about the area where the rocks are found?
細節題，難度居中，簡單的原因在於出題點明確，難點在於where the rocks are found導致的定位困難；定位不到的情況下可用排除法解題
A 真假參半 文本有提到highest wind speed但不是在該語境下；C 真假參半 文本有提到heavy machinery但不是在該語境下; D 真假參半 文本有提到changes in temperature但不是在該語境下
真假參半的選項經常出現文本原詞，但文中對該詞的闡述與選項相悖；可表現為錯誤（C D）、歪曲、捏造（A）三種情況
A. It has been the site of Earth’s highest wind speeds.
B. It is subject to laws that restrict experimentation.
C. It is accessible to heavy machinery.
D. It is not subject to significant changes in temperature.
5. What is the professor’s purpose in telling the students about moving rocks?
目的題，這一題略有難度，主要1 定位難 2 無法從文本中直接得到答案，需推理後得出；適合用排除法
A 真假參半 文本有提到structure of solid matter但不是在該語境下（歪曲）；
B 無中生有
C 答非所問（不全面）
A. To teach a lesson about the structure of solid matter.
B. To share a recent advance in geology.
C. To give an example of how ice can move rocks.
D. To show how geologists need to combine information from several fields.
6. What does the professor imply when he says this? Most of the rocks move in the same direction as the dominant wind pattern, from southwest to northeast. But some, and this is interesting, move straight west, while some zigzag... or even move in large circles. Hmmm... how can that be?
目的題，也可用排除法
A C無中生有
B 錯誤內容（與文本相悖）
A. The movement pattern of the rocks was misreported by researchers.
B. The rocks are probably being moved by people.
C. The movement pattern of the rocks does not support the wind theory.
D. There must be differences in the rocks’ composition.
