莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

Eagle 綜合徵(Eagle's syndrome)是指由於莖突形態、長度、方位異常和(或)莖突舌骨韌帶骨化而引起的一系列症狀稱為

莖突過長綜合徵莖突綜合徵( Styloid process syndrome,SPS),最早是由Watt Eagle在1937年首先闡述,故又稱Eagle 綜合徵。

臨床表現:

1、Cranial nerve impingement 神經壓迫症狀

Patients can have symptoms related to compression and irritation of cranial nerves in the region (cranial nerves V, VII, IX and X) such as:

  • facial pain while turning the head轉動頭部時面部疼痛
  • dysphagia吞嚥困難
  • foreign body sensation咽異物感
  • pain on extending tongue伸舌痛
  • change in voice聲音改變
  • sensation of hypersalivation唾液分泌增多
  • tinnitus or otalgia耳鳴或耳痛

On palpation of the styloid process tip, symptoms should ideally be exacerbated.莖突觸診時,症狀會加重。

2、Arterial impingement 動脈壓迫症狀

Additionally compression of the carotid artery may also produce vascular / ischaemic symptoms as well as pain along the artery to the supplied territory (thought to be mediated by the sympathetic plexus) including:

  • mechanical compression機械壓迫
    • visual symptoms視覺症狀
    • syncope暈厥
    • carotid dissection has also been described頸內動脈夾層
  • sympathetic plexus irritation (carotidynia)交感神經刺激症狀(頸動脈痛)
    • eye pain眼痛
    • parietal pain顱頂痛

影像診斷:

關於莖突過長的診斷標準尚未有定論;對於莖突長度文獻報道多在25 ~30mm之間;超過3cm可以診斷莖突過長,約4%的人群存在莖突過長,其中只有4%-15%的人群有症狀。X線對莖突分節及莖突舌骨韌帶鈣化顯示欠佳,CT重組圖可以顯示莖突形態與周圍組織關係。

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

Eagle syndrome with ICA compression:

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

莖突過長致頸內動脈假性動脈瘤:

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)

Bilateral cervical internal carotid artery dissections in Eagle syndrome:

雙側頸內動脈夾層

莖突過長綜合徵 (Eagle 綜合徵)


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