高考英語的閱讀理解是一個重要的高分項目，進行大量的、高效的、針對性的閱讀訓練是非常必要的。需要注意的是，閱讀訓練並非是一味地搞題海戰術，也並非是技巧訓練，而是要以內容閱讀為主，目的是讀懂。閱讀理解的第一要務是讀懂，讀懂的第一要務是快速地讀懂，而快速讀懂的第一要務是抓住句子的核心——謂語，然後是篇章整體的理解。只有在大量的閱讀基礎上和過程中，才能高效地有針對性地進行關於閱讀理解的能力訓練，包括內容篩選，信息記憶，邏輯判斷以及詞彙和語法應用等閱讀策略和技巧。同時，大量的、高效的、針對性的閱讀還有助於知識擴展和積累，關於自然科學方面的新聞報道和科普讀物是非常好的語言材料。以下選取的是關於太陽表面最新圖像的新聞報道，並配以詞彙釋義、難句解析和全文翻譯，供有興趣的同學參考。
Wild new images of the sun’s surface
The surface of our sun is a wild, violent place and now we can see it in exquisite detail, thanks to the first images returned by the National Science Foundation's Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope.
Details in the newly released images show plasma, which covers the sun, that appears to boil. Giant cells help create convection, where heat from inside the sun is drawn up to the surface while other cells cool and sink beneath it.
"Since NSF began work on this ground-based telescope, we have eagerly awaited the first images," said France Córdova, National Science Foundation director. "We can now share these images and videos, which are the most detailed of our Sun to date. NSF's Inouye Solar Telescope will be able to map the magnetic fields within the Sun's corona, where solar eruptions occur that can impact life on Earth. This telescope will improve our understanding of what drives space weather and ultimately help forecasters better predict solar storms."
Solar wind streams out from the sun, flinging energetic particles across the solar system. And the sun's corona, the outer atmosphere of the star, is much hotter than the actual surface. The corona is one million degrees Kelvin, while the surface is around 6,000 Kelvin.
Understanding the solar wind and the blazing heat of the corona is key. They both play a role in space weather and solar storms, and understanding the solar wind could enable better prediction of space weather. Solar wind and the corona's temperature also impact ejections of mass from the corona, which could impact the global power grid and telecommunications on Earth, as well as our astronauts on the International Space Station. The energized and accelerated particles streaming away from the sun in the solar wind are also responsible for the northern and southern lights we see on Earth.
A new analysis published Wednesday in the journal Geophysical Research Letters revealed that severe space super-storms, which are large enough to disrupt our electronic systems and networks, happen once every 25 years. And we had a near-miss in 2012 because a storm heading for Earth from the sun changed direction. Had it hit us, it would have caused a super-storm.
The sun's magnetic field and plasma also experience entanglement, which can release solar storms that temporarily impact our power grid. The Inouye Solar Telescope has the capability to measure the magnetic field with more detail, leading to a greater understanding of solar activity.
"It's all about the magnetic field," said Thomas Rimmele, director of the Inouye Solar Telescope. "To unravel the Sun's biggest mysteries, we have to not only be able to clearly see these tiny structures from 93 million miles away but very precisely measure their magnetic field strength and direction near the surface and trace the field as it extends out into the million-degree corona, the outer atmosphere of the Sun."
詞彙釋義：
exquisite：精細的
release：公開，發佈
plasma：等離子氣體
convection：對流
to date：迄今為止
magnetic：磁性的
corona：日冕
eruption：噴發，爆發
impact：影響
ultimately：最終
forecaster：氣象預報員
predict：預測
stream：流動，流出
fling：扔，擲，拋
particle：粒子
grid：網格，系統
outer：外層的
atmosphere：大氣層
Kelvin：開爾文（溫標計量單位）
blaze：閃耀，燃燒
ejection：噴發，噴射，拋射
mass：物質，質量
astronaut：宇航員
accelerate：加速
disrupt：中斷，擾亂
entanglement：糾纏
unravel：解開，揭開
precisely：精確地
trace：追蹤
extend：擴展，延長
難句解析：
1. Details in the newly released images show plasma, which covers the sun, that appears to boil. —— 此句是雙重定語從句，第一個從句是非限定性定語從句，第二個從句是分隔定語從句。
2. This telescope will improve our understanding of what drives space weather and ultimately help forecasters better predict solar storms. —— 此句的主句含有兩個並列謂語will improve和help，第一個謂語的賓語含有由介詞of接what引導的賓語從句作定語，第二個謂語help接動詞原形predict作賓語補足語。
3. The energized and accelerated particles streaming away from the sun in the solar wind are also responsible for the northern and southern lights we see on Earth. —— 此句的主語偏長，前有兩個過去分詞energized和accelerated作定語，後有現在分詞短語streaming…作定語，謂語的長度與主語相當，其中介詞短語的賓語lights含有定語從句we see…。
4. A new analysis published Wednesday in the journal Geophysical Research Letters revealed that severe space super-storms, which are large enough to disrupt our electronic systems and networks, happen once every 25 years. —— 此句是比較複雜的複合句，主語含有過去分詞短語published…作定語，賓語從句中的主語含有非限定性定語從句，謂語比較短，置於最後，對於信息理解造成一定的影響。
5. Had it hit us, it would have caused a super-storm. —— 此句是虛擬語氣，條件句的句式是省略if的倒裝結構，表示與過去的事實相反的假設，主句是would have done形式，表示根據假設在過去的將來可能或應該發生結果。
太陽表面的全新圖像
太陽的表面是個狂暴的所在，現在藉助美國國家科學基金會丹尼爾·K·伊努耶太陽望遠鏡首次傳回的圖像，我們可以把它看得非常清晰。
最新公佈的圖像細節顯示，包裹太陽的等離子體看上去像是在沸騰。巨大的細胞有助於產生對流，太陽內部的熱量被吸引到表面，同時其它細胞冷卻並沉入表面之下。
“自從國家科學基金會開始啟用這個地面望遠鏡以來，我們一直在熱切地等待著第一批圖像。” 國家科學基金會主任弗朗絲·科爾多瓦說道。“我們現在可以共享這些迄今為止最詳細的太陽圖像和視頻。國家科學基金會的伊努耶太陽望遠鏡將能夠繪製出太陽噴射並影響地球上的生命的日冕內部的磁場圖。這臺望遠鏡將增進我們對於是什麼驅動太空天氣的理解並最終幫助預報員更好地預報太陽風暴。
太陽風是從太陽中湧出，把高能粒子拋向太陽系。太陽日冕，即恆星外層大氣層，比它的實際表面熱得多。日冕絕對溫度是一百萬開爾文，而太陽表面溫度是6,000開爾文。
瞭解太陽風和日冕熾熱是關鍵。它們都在太空天氣和太陽風暴中起作用，而瞭解太陽風能夠更好地預測太空天氣。太陽風和日冕的溫度也會影響日冕物質的拋射，繼而可能影響全球電網和地球電信，以及國際空間站上的宇航員。帶電和加速粒子隨著太陽風從太陽中流出也是我們在地球上看到北極光和南極光的原因。
週三發表在《地球物理研究通訊》期刊上的一項新分析表明嚴重的足以破壞我們的電子系統和網絡的太空超級風暴，每25年發生一次。2012年由於一場從太陽奔向地球的風暴改變了方向，我們僥倖躲了過去。如果它真的襲擊了我們，就會引起超級風暴。
太陽的磁場和等離子體同樣相互糾纏，能夠釋放出暫時影響我們電網的太陽風暴。伊努耶太陽望遠鏡有能力能夠更精細地測量磁場，使我們對太陽活動有更深入的瞭解
“這都是關於磁場的問題。“伊努耶太陽望遠鏡主任托馬斯•李默樂說到。“為揭開太陽的最大的奧秘，我們不僅要能從九千三百萬英里外看清楚這些微小的結構，還要精確地測量太陽表面的磁場強度和方向，並對延伸到百萬度的日冕即太陽的外層大氣層的
閱讀更多 老韓說英語 的文章
