冠詞幾乎是每年高考英語試題中的必考知識點,所以正確掌握冠詞的用法非常重要,今天小編就和大家講講冠詞的用法,希望你們可以熟練掌握~
冠詞的概念:冠詞是置於名詞前並限定名詞意義的虛詞。英語中的冠詞只有定冠詞和不定冠詞兩種,其中定冠詞只有the這一種形式,不定冠詞只有a和an這兩種形式。名詞前若不用冠詞時,又稱作零冠詞。不定冠詞之所以冠以“不定”兩字,就是因為它的主要特點就是“不確定”或“泛指”;定冠詞之所以冠以“定”字,就是因為它的主要特點是“確指”或“特指”。
點擊添加圖片描述(最多60個字)編輯
1.不定冠詞的用法
不定冠詞有兩個,a 和 an。a用在輔音開頭(不是輔音字母,是音標)的單詞前面;an用於以元音開頭(不是元音字母,是音標)的單詞前。如:a book, an apple;
a university,an hour.
1) 不定冠詞用在單數可數名詞前表示“一個”。
There is an apple on the table.
桌上有個蘋果。
2) 不定冠詞用在單數可數名詞之前,表示“任何,每個”。如:
A student must study hard.
學生必須努力學習。
3)不定冠詞用於某些固定短語中。如:
have a try試一下
take a break 休息一下
have a good time 玩得痛快
make a living 謀生
as a matter of fact 事實上
in a word 總而言之
2. 定冠詞的用法
1) 定冠詞和名詞連用,表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。如:
Mother carved the meat into slices.
媽媽把肉切成了片。
2) 定冠詞用於形容詞
前,表示一類人或東西。如:
The rich become richer.富人更富了
3) 定冠詞用於第二次出現的名詞之前。如:
I got an apple yesterday. The apple was very sweet.
昨天我得了一蘋果,那個蘋果很甜。
4) 定冠詞用於指說話雙方都知道的人或事。如:
Please close the door.請把門關上。
5) 定冠詞用於(名山大川、江河湖海、沙漠、國家、公共建築)世界上獨一無二的事物前。如:
the sun 太陽
the earth 地球
the world世界
the Changjiang River長江
6) 定冠詞用於序數詞前表示順序。如:
the second group 第二組
7) 定冠詞用於形容詞和副詞的最高級前面。如:
This is the most intersting story I have ever heard. 這是聽過的最好聽的故事。
8)定冠詞在play後和樂器連用
play the piano彈鋼琴
9)定冠詞與姓氏的複數形式連用,表示一家人。如:
The Blacks are very kind.
布萊克一家非常的友善
3.不用冠詞的情況
1) 表示球類、棋類的運動項目不加冠詞。如:
play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋
2) 在一日三餐名詞前不用冠詞。如:
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯
3) 交通工具名詞前不用冠詞
by car坐汽車 by ship 坐船
by plane坐飛機 on foot 步行
5) 在一些地點的名詞,如:bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。當人們去這些地方做在這些地方應該做的事時,不加冠詞。
go home回家 go to school去上學 go to church去教堂祈禱
in hospital住院 go to work上班
注:如果在上述詞組前面加上定冠詞the,可以表示去這些場所做其他的事情。如:
He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他來學校和校長談話。
He went to the church to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。
His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.
他媽媽生病住院了,他就一直在醫院裡面照顧她。
4.泛指概念的四種表達方式
1) 不帶the 的不可數名詞和複數名詞可以表示泛指
I like music.我喜歡音樂。
the apples are red.
3) “the+單數可數名詞”可以表示泛指
The fox is very cunning 狐狸是很狡猾的。
4) “不定冠詞a/an+單數可數名詞” 可以表示泛指。
A dog makes good friend.狗是很好的朋友。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)Instead,she is earning £6,500 aday as __ model in New York.
2.(2017·浙江高考)For Pahlsson, its return was __wonder.
3.(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Giveyour body and brain a rest by stepping outside for __ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
4.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)Thenursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, __other is with mum — she never suspects.
5.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings (土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even__most modern of architects and engineers.
6.(2015·廣東高考)He owned___farm, which looked almost abandoned.
7.(2014·廣東高考)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on___ top floor.
8.(2014·全國卷Ⅰ)Now,years later, this river is one of____ most outstanding examples of environmental clean up.
Ⅱ.單句改錯
1.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)I still remember how hard first day was.
2.(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
3.(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.
4.(2016·四川高考)I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.
5.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop ...he turned around and found his parents were missing. Tony was scared and began to cry. A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.
6.(2015·全國卷Ⅰ)Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean and the mountains are green.
7.(2015·浙江高考)On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.
8.(2014·全國卷Ⅱ)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.
9.(2014·全國卷Ⅰ)As result, the plants are growing everywhere.
10.(2014·遼寧高考)Besides,Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.
真題答案解析
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.解析:a 此處意為“作為紐約的一名模特”,在單數可數名詞model前應該使用不定冠詞a,表示“一,一名”。
2.解析:awonder表示“奇蹟,奇事”時為可數名詞,此處為泛指,故要用不定冠詞a。
3.解析:afor a while為固定搭配,意為“一會兒”。
4.解析:the 此處表示雙胞胎大熊貓中的另一隻,兩者之間的“另一個”應該使用the other。
5.解析:the 在形容詞最高級的前面用定冠詞the。
6.解析:a 此處指一個農場,表示泛指,故用不定冠詞a。
7.解析:theon the top floor為固定搭配,意為“在頂層”。
8.解析:the 此空後面的“most outstanding”是最高級的形式,故應填定冠詞the。
Ⅱ.單句改錯
1.解析:first前加the/my 表示“第幾天”,序數詞前要加定冠詞the或者用限定詞進行修飾。
2.解析:第一個a→an/one hour的讀音以元音音素開頭,且是可數名詞,所以表示一個小時用an/one hour。
3.解析:去掉the at first “起初”,為固定短語。
4.解析:kitchen前加the 此處特指我們家的廚房。
5.解析:outside後的a→the 此處用定冠詞特指上文提到的商店。
6. 解析:countryside前加the in the countryside“在鄉村”,為固定短語。
7.解析:hurry前加a in a hurry“匆匆忙忙”,為固定短語。
8.解析:去掉第一個the 此處為泛指,不表示特指,故去掉the。
9.解析:As後加a as a result“結果”,為固定搭配。
10.解析:第一個a→an an average of ...“平均有……”,為固定搭配。
點擊添加圖片描述(最多60個字)編輯
附錄
① 定冠詞的常用搭配
on the way 即將到達
by the way 順便說一下
in the end 終於,最後
on the whole 總的來說
in the distance 在遠處
not in the least=not at all 一點也不,毫不
on the left 在左邊
in the way 擋路
in the future 在將來
all the year round 全年
on the side of 在……的一邊
in the morning在早上
out of the question 不可能
in the air 在傳播中
be on the air 正在廣播
in the dark 在暗處
in the sun 在陽光下
on the spot 馬上
at the same time 同時
at the moment 此刻
on the decrease下降
to the point 切題
to tell the truth 說實話
make the most(best) of 充分利用
in the daytime 在白天
in the habit of 有……的習慣,常常
on the one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面
go to the cinema 去電影院
the other day 前幾天
for the time being 暫且
on the left 在左邊
on the contrary 相反
in the middle of 在……中間
at the age of 在……歲時
at the very start 一開始
from the behind 從後面
to the right 朝右邊
to the amount of 總計達
in the east of 在一定範圍以內的東部
to the east of 在一定範圍以外的東部,但是不相鄰
on the east of 在一定範圍以外的東部且緊緊相鄰
to the full 完全的,充分的
② 不定冠詞的常用搭配
a.介詞或副詞短語類
at a time 每次
for a time (短的)一段時間
for a while 一會兒
in a moment 一會兒
in a way 在某種程度上
at a distance 從遠處
in a loud voice 大聲地
all of a sudden 突然
in a word 總之
as a rule 通常
as a result 結果
as a whole 作為一個整體
once in a while 偶爾
at a loss 不知所措
with a view to 為了
with a will 堅決地
in a hurry 匆忙地
as a matter of fact 事實上
a moment ago 剛才
twice a week 每週兩次
b.動詞短語類
come to an end 結束
catch a cold 得了感冒
take an interest in 對……感興趣
take a seat 坐下
take a walk 散步
take a bow 謝幕
make a fire 生火
make a fool of 愚弄
make a study of 研究
make a fortune 發財
make a living 謀生
make a decision 做決定
make an effort 做出努力
make a choice 做選擇
have a cold 得了感冒
have a word with 與……談話
③ 零冠詞
a.對稱名詞搭配類
arm in arm 臂挽臂地
day by day 一天一天地
day after day 日復一日地
from door to door 挨家挨戶地
from time to time 不時地
heart and soul 全心全意地
hand in hand 手拉手
face to face 面對面
one by one 一個接一個地
side by side 肩並肩地
step by step 逐步地
year after year 年復一年地
little by little 逐漸地
shoulder to shoulder 肩並肩地
b.介詞短語搭配類
by way of 經由
at first 起初
in common 相同的
at desk 在辦公
in detail 詳細地
at table 吃飯
at last 終於
at night 在夜晚
at sea 在海上
in debt 負債
in trouble 陷入困境
in place of 代替
at dawn 在黎明
at hand 臨近
on purpose 故意地
by accident 偶然地
by day/ night 在白天/夜晚
by ari/ water/ land 乘飛機/ 乘船/ 走路
by chance 碰巧
in class 在課堂上
in person 親自
in return 作為回報
in sight of 親自
on fire 在燃燒
on trial 受審判
out of place 不適當的
out of date 過時的
out of question 毫無疑問
on account of 因為
c.動詞短語搭配類
keep in mind 記在心上
leave word 留言
learn by heart 記住
go to work 去上班
make friends with 與...交友
catch fire 著火
catch sight of 看到
take place 發生
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