陈舟医生健康说：有关肾脏病的10个“蛛丝马迹” 健康頭條網

陈舟医生健康说：有关肾脏病的10个“蛛丝马迹”

陈舟医生健康说：有关肾脏病的10个“蛛丝马迹”

很多人患有肾病，但大多数人却不知道，这不是危言耸听，而是事实。

肾脏疾病有很多表现，因为不特异，再一个就是有些症状出现的太晚，所以常常被我们所忽视。

这就是为什么只有10%的慢性肾病患者知道自己患有慢性肾病的原因之一。

要想知道你是否患有肾病，唯一的方法就是去做检查，如果你有高血压、糖尿病、有肾衰竭家族史而有患肾病的风险，或者你的年龄超过60岁，那么每年做一次肾脏疾病检查是很重要的。

在这里陈医生，分享可能患有肾病的10种迹象：

1.乏力，总是感觉很累，精力不够用，或者注意力不集中。

肾功能的严重下降会导致血液中毒素的积聚，这会导致人们感到疲倦、虚弱，并且难以集中注意力。此外肾病的另一个并发症是贫血，同样会导致虚弱和疲劳。

2.失眠。

当肾脏不能正常过滤时，毒素会留在血液中，而不是通过尿液离开身体，这会使人难以入睡。与普通人群相比，睡眠呼吸暂停在慢性肾病患者中更常见。

3.皮肤又干又痒。

健康的肾脏的功能很强大，它们清除你体内的废物和多余液体，帮助制造红细胞，帮助保持骨骼强壮，并努力维持血液中适量的矿物质。皮肤干燥和发痒可能是矿物质和骨骼疾病的标志，通常出现在肾脏病的晚期阶段。

4.尿频。

如果你觉得需要经常小便，尤其是在晚上，这可能是肾病的征兆。当肾小管功能受损时，会导致排尿次数增加。当然，有时这也可能是泌尿系统感染或前列腺肥大的有关。

5.尿里有血。

健康的肾脏通常在过滤血液中的废物产生尿液时将血细胞保留在体内，但是当肾脏过滤和重吸收功能被损坏时，这些血细胞会开始“渗漏”到尿液中。除了肾脏疾病外，尿液中的血液还可以提示出现肿瘤、肾结石或感染。

6.尿有泡沫。

尿液中过多的气泡，提示可能尿液中含有蛋白质。这种泡沫可能看起来像你在搅鸡蛋时看到的泡沫，因为尿中常见的蛋白质是白蛋白，与鸡蛋中发现的蛋白质相同。

7.眼睛周围皮肤出现持续的浮肿。

尿液中的蛋白质是肾脏过滤器受损的早期迹象，使得蛋白质泄漏到尿液中。你眼睛周围的浮肿可能是由于你的肾脏在尿液中泄漏了大量的蛋白质，造成低蛋白血症，从而引起眼睑的水肿。

8.脚脖子肿了。

肾功能下降会导致水钠潴留，导致脚部和脚踝肿胀。当然，双下肢肿胀也可能是心脏病、肝病和慢性下肢静脉疾病的征兆。

9.胃口不好。

这是一个非常普遍的症状，具体机制不明确，肾功能下降导致的毒素积聚可能是原因之一。

10.老是腿抽筋。

肾功能受损会造成电解质失衡，比如出现低钙可导致肌肉痉挛。

10 possible signs you may have kidney disease.

You're more tired, have less energy or are having trouble concentrating. A severe decrease in kidney function can lead to a buildup of toxins and impurities in the blood. This can cause people to feel tired, weak and can make it hard to concentrate. Another complication of kidney disease is anemia, which can cause weakness and fatigue.
You're having trouble sleeping. When the kidneys aren't filtering properly, toxins stay in the blood rather than leaving the body through the urine. This can make it difficult to sleep. There is also a link between obesity and chronic kidney disease, and sleep apnea is more common in those with chronic kidney disease, compared with the general population.
You have dry and itchy skin. Healthy kidneys do many important jobs. They remove wastes and extra fluid from your body, help make red blood cells, help keep bones strong and work to maintain the right amount of minerals in your blood. Dry and itchy skin can be a sign of the mineral and bone disease that often accompanies advanced kidney disease, when the kidneys are no longer able to keep the right balance of minerals and nutrients in your blood.
You feel the need to urinate more often. If you feel the need to urinate more often, especially at night, this can be a sign of kidney disease. When the kidneys filters are damaged, it can cause an increase in the urge to urinate. Sometimes this can also be a sign of a urinary infection or enlarged prostate in men.
You see blood in your urine. Healthy kidneys typically keep the blood cells in the body when filtering wastes from the blood to create urine, but when the kidney's filters have been damaged, these blood cells can start to "leak" out into the urine. In addition to signaling kidney disease, blood in the urine can be indicative of tumors, kidney stones or an infection.
Your urine is foamy. Excessive bubbles in the urine – especially those that require you to flush several times before they go away—indicate protein in the urine. This foam may look like the foam you see when scrambling eggs, as the common protein found in urine, albumin, is the same protein that is found in eggs.
You're experiencing persistent puffiness around your eyes. Protein in the urine is an early sign that the kidneys’ filters have been damaged, allowing protein to leak into the urine. This puffiness around your eyes can be due to the fact that your kidneys are leaking a large amount of protein in the urine, rather than keeping it in the body.
Your ankles and feet are swollen. Decreased kidney function can lead to sodium retention, causing swelling in your feet and ankles. Swelling in the lower extremities can also be a sign of heart disease, liver disease and chronic leg vein problems.
You have a poor appetite. This is a very general symptom, but a buildup of toxins resulting from reduced kidney function can be one of the causes.
Your muscles are cramping. Electrolyte imbalances can result from impaired kidney function. For example, low calcium levels and poorly controlled phosphorus may contribute to muscle cramping.