mysql數據庫操作


mysql數據庫操作


一:數據庫(mysql)

1 備份命令

# mysqldump -uroot -pDbb790827253+ -h192.168.0.180 --all-databases --single_transaction --flush-log --master-data=2 --lock-tables > /data/mysqlbackup.sql

導入

#mysql -uzabbix -p123456 -h172.20.100.3 zabbix< database/mysql/schema.sql

2 創建庫和用戶命令創建庫

mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;

mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@"%" identified by '123456';

3 主從命令

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'rsync-user'@'172.20.100.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.20.100.3',MASTER_USER='rsyncuser',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='bin-log.xxxxxx',MASTER_LOG_POS=xxx;

4 查詢語句

mysql> show variables like '%connect%';

mysql> show variables like '%max_connections%';

mysql> desc notice_config;

mysql> show master logs;

查看連接數

mysql> show processlist;

mysql> show processlist \\G;

5 查詢mysql的日誌問題

# memory

6查看用戶和密碼 修改密碼查看到用戶和密碼

MySQL [(none)]> select host,user,password from mysql.user;

如果要修改密碼的話,在命令行下執行下面的語句

update mysql.user set password='這裡填寫你要設置的密碼' where user='root';

update user set password=password('123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';

7查看數據庫的配置在裡面

mysql> show variables like 'pxc_strict_mode%';

8 修改數據庫密碼

安裝完數據庫第一次設置密碼方式 輸完命令按回車,不用在下面輸入。

#mysqladmin -u root -p password 123456

Enter password:

其設置密碼有三種方法:

a. ./mysqladmin -u root -p oldpassword newpasswd(記住這個命令是在/usr/local/mysql/bin中外部命令)

b. SET PASSWORD FOR root=PASSWORD(’new password’);(對登錄數據庫後這種方式)

c. UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD(”new password”) WHERE user=’root’;  (對登錄數據庫後這種方式)

生效

mysql> flush privileges;

數據庫sql語句

查詢數據庫表的大小

SELECT table_name AS "Tables",

round(((data_length + index_length) / 1024 / 1024), 2) "Size in MB"

FROM information_schema.TABLES

WHERE table_schema = 'zabbix'

ORDER BY (data_length + index_length) DESC;

9 增加root遠程權限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

flush privileges;

10:#skip-grant-tables 無視密碼登錄

11:安裝mariadb數據庫

#yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

#systemctl start mariadb

#systemctl enable mariadb

接下來進行MariaDB的相關簡單配置,設置密碼,會提示先輸入密碼

[root@test-vm03 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

首先是設置密碼,會提示先輸入密碼

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

設置密碼

Set root password? [Y/n]

New password:

Re-enter new password:

其他配置

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]

12 配置MariaDB的字符集

接下來配置MariaDB的字符集:

-> 首先是配置文件/etc/my.cnf,在[mysqld]標籤下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

character-set-server=utf8

collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci

skip-character-set-client-handshake

-> 接著配置文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf,在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

-> 然後配置文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf,在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

mysql數據庫

create database zabbix default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;

grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'%' identified by '123456';

flush privileges;

14:修改最大連接數

MYSQL修改最大連接數

方法一:

set GLOBAL max_connections=512;

這種方法在重啟服務後會失效

方法二:

修改mysql配置文件my.cnf,在[mysqld]段中添加或修改max_connections值:

max_connections=512

MariaDB修改最大連接數

1.mariadb數據庫最大連接數,默認為151

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'max_connections';

+-----------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-----------------+-------+

| max_connections | 151 |

+-----------------+-------+

2.配置/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]下新添加一行如下參數:

max_connections=3000

systemctl restart mariadb 重啟mariadb服務,再次查看mariadb數據庫最大連接數,最大連接數是214,並非我們設置的3000。

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'max_connections';

+-----------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-----------------+-------+

| max_connections | 214 |

+-----------------+-------+

由於mariadb有默認打開文件數限制

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service

取消[Service]前的#號,

[Service]新添加兩行如下參數:

LimitNOFILE=10000

LimitNPROC=10000

4.重新加載系統服務,並重啟mariadb服務

systemctl --system daemon-reload

systemctl restart mariadb.service

再次查看mariadb數據庫最大連接數,可以看到最大連接數已經是3000

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'max_connections';


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