1 . cost
The ticket cost me ten dollars.
（此句中cost用作及物動詞,意為“花費”,這是cost的常用法之一。）
The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago.
（此句中cost用作名詞,意為“價格,成本,費用”,這是它的常用法之二。）
cost除了以上用法外,還有其它用法。如:
① Has this project been costed?
(cost用作及物動詞,意為“估價,估計成本”。)
② I must get the book at all costs.
(at all costs意為“無論如何,不惜任何代價”。)
③ She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life.
(at the cost of sth.意為“以犧牲某事物為代價”。)
2. deal
Teachers should deal fairly with their pupils.
（此句中deal用作不及物動詞,常和with連用,意為“對待”,這是deal的常用法。）
deal還有其它用法。如:
①She spent a good deal of money on new clothes. (a good deal of意為“很多,大量”後接不可數名詞。)
②We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal. (a fair deal意為“公平的待遇”。)
③My bank deals in stocks and shares now. (deal in意為“經營”。)
④The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students. (deal out意為“分發”。)
3 interest
interest在教材中的意思為“興趣”和“使感興趣”,分別作名詞和動詞用。
The money I borrowed from him was repaid with interest.
What he did was just to protect his own interests.
上面句子中的兩個interest都作名詞用。作“利息”講時,為不可數名詞;作“利益,好處”講時,多用複數形式。
第一句可譯為“我向他借的那筆錢是帶息償還的。”;第二句可譯為“他所做的一切僅僅是為了保護他自己的利益。”
4. drive
Can you drive a car? (drive用作動詞,意思為“開車,駕駛”,是教材中的第一種用法。)
Let’s go for a drive in the country.
(drive用作名詞,意思為“驅車旅行”,是教材中的第二種用法。)
除了以上用法外, drive還有其它用法。如：
①The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month.
(drive用作名詞,意思為“運動”。)
②There are three buses parked on the drive. (drive用作名詞,意思為“車道”。)
③Poverty drove the little boy to steal. (drive用作動詞,意思為“驅使”。)
④I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home. (drive sth. home意思為“把……講透徹,使充分理解”。)
⑤Please drive the dog away. (drive sb./sth. away意思為“把……趕跑”。)
5. join v.& n.
What club do you want to join? （此句中的join是及物動詞,意為“加入,參加”,這是其最常見的用法。）
另外它還有其它用法。如:
①The two rivers join at the bridge. (此句中的join是不及物動詞,意為“會合,聯合,相遇”。)
②The two pieces were stuck together so well that we could hardly see the join.
(此句中的join是名詞,意為“連接處,接縫”。)
6. dream
dream在教材中有兩種用法:
用作動詞時意思為“做夢,夢到”;用作名詞時意思為“夢想,幻想”。
dream除了以上用法外,還有以下幾種用法。如：
Her new dress is an absolute dream. (dream用作名詞,意思為“美麗或美好的人或事物”。)
My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream. (go like a dream是固定短語,意思為“非常順利,完美”。)
7. know
I’ve known David for 20 years.
I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.
The old man has known both poverty and wealth.
know在教材中的意思為“知道,瞭解”,作動詞用。
在上面的三個句子中, know都作動詞用,第一個know的意思為“認識”;第二個know的意思為“區分”;第三個know的意思為“親身經歷”。
8. fail
If you don’t work hard, you may fail. （此句中fail意為“失敗;不及格,沒有通過考試”。）
fail還有其它用法。如:
① He never fails to write to his mother every week. (fail意為“忘記、忽視或未能做某事”。)
② She has been failing in health. (fail in意為“(健康狀況)衰退”。)
③ His friends failed him when he most needed them. (fail意為“使失望, 辜負”。)
④ I had three passes and one fail. (fail用作名詞,意為“考試不及格”。)
⑤ I’ll be there at two o’clock without fail. (without fail意為“肯定,一定,必定”。)
9. lead
lead在教材中有兩種用法:用作動詞時意思為“引導,領導”; 用作名詞意為“領先；領先地位；帶頭”
除了教材中的用法外,lead還有以下幾種用法。如：
Which road leads to the mountain? (lead用作動詞,意思為“通向,通往”。)
My grandmother is leading a quiet life in the countryside. (lead用作動詞,意思為“過某種生活”。)
Not having a balanced diet can lead to health problems. (lead用作動詞,意思為“導致”。)
Her brother took the lead in the high jump. (lead用作名詞,意思為“領先地位”。)
In this new film, she is the lead. (lead用作名詞,意思為“主角”。)
10. fall
The leaves fall in autumn. （此句中fall用作動詞,意為“落下,下降”,這是其常用法。）
fall還有其它用法。如:
①I had a fall and broke my arm. (fall用作名詞,意為“跌落,掉下,降落”。)
②Our holiday plans fell through because of bad weather. (fall through 意為“落空,未能實現,成為泡影”。)
③My car is falling apart. (fall apart意為“破裂,破碎,散架”。)
④We fell about (laughing) when we heard the joke. (fall about意為“無法控制地大笑”。)
⑤Sam, please fall back on old friends in time of need. (fall back on意為“求助於,退到”。)
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