川普政府更新學生簽證政策,非法滯留行爲將嚴格計算

USCIS- Unlawful Presence

5月11日,U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) 更新了計算非法滯留的政策

,這次只是針對學習簽證持有人的,涉及到的簽證類型包括F, J和M,包括主申請人及其持有陪同簽證的家屬

特朗普政府更新學生簽證政策,非法滯留行為將嚴格計算

文件在這

https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Outreach/Draft%20Memorandum%20for%20Comment/AccrualofUnlawfulPresenceFJMNonimmigrantsMEMO_v2.pdf

上次更新還是2009年的事,之前的文件在這

https://www.uscis.gov/ilink/docView/AFM/HTML/AFM/0-0-0-1/0-0-0-17138/0-0-0-18383.html

這次更新是配合特朗普政府的《加強美國境內公共安全政策》,來加強移民法的執行實施,這次更新的內容將在2018年8月9日開始正式生效。

關於上面提到的名詞,USCIS是美國國土安全局下屬部門,F簽證是普通學生簽證,J簽證是交流訪問學者簽證,M簽證是職業類學習簽證。主申請人持“-1”,陪同家屬(配偶和子女)持“-2”,例如:F-1, J-2

特朗普政府更新學生簽證政策,非法滯留行為將嚴格計算

核心信息就不翻譯了,原文看的更清楚

Individuals in F, J, and M status who failed to maintain their status before Aug. 9, 2018, will start accruing unlawful presence on that date based on that failure, unless they had already started accruing unlawful presence, on the earliest of any of the following:

-- The day after DHS denied the request for an immigration benefit, if DHS made a formal finding that the individual violated his or her nonimmigrant status while adjudicating a request for another immigration benefit;

-- The day after their I-94 expired; or

-- The day after an immigration judge or in certain cases, the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), ordered them excluded, deported, or removed (whether or not the decision is appealed).

Individuals in F, J, or M status who fail to maintain their status on or after Aug. 9, 2018, will start accruing unlawful presence on the earliest of any of the following:

-- The day after they no longer pursue the course of study or the authorized activity, or the day after they engage in an unauthorized activity;

-- The day after completing the course of study or program, including any authorized practical training plus any authorized grace period;

-- The day after the I-94 expires; or

-- The day after an immigration judge, or in certain cases, the BIA, orders them excluded, deported, or removed (whether or not the decision is appealed).

特朗普政府更新學生簽證政策,非法滯留行為將嚴格計算

我來概括一下整個更新,對於學習類簽證持有人,滯留審查和計算將更加嚴格。特朗普政府還是在驅趕更多非法停留在美國的人,咱們以前也提過簽證審查加強了,總之對於生活在美國的人來說,肯定是個好事對於我們廣大學生來說,基本沒什麼影響,少部分遇到被學校開除或者I20出問題的學生,一定要加強自己這方面的意識,一旦SEVIS系統裡的狀態停止,那麼非法滯留的天數就開始累積。如果有疑問或者不確定,可以聯繫比鄰主義留學來分析解決。

提到非法滯留有些人會覺得敏感又緊張,其實不用太擔心,因為我們正常上學的話,根本遇不到這個問題。更新裡也提到了一些例外,有興趣可以好好翻一下,有個關係到很多學生的問題,在這提一句F1學生簽證持有人可以在I20生效前30天內入境,這個30天不累積非法滯留天數

而且,F1學生還有Grace Period可以合理利用,我們來看一眼原文

During any additional grace period as permitted under 8 CFR 214.2(f)(5)(iv) to prepare for departure:

o 60 days following completion of a course of study and any authorized practical training;

o 15 days if the designated school official (DSO) authorized the withdrawal from classes (SEVIS termination reason: authorized early withdrawal); or

o No grace period if the F-1 nonimmigrant failed to maintain a full course of study without the approval of the DSO or otherwise failed to maintain status.

正常畢業或者OPT完成之後,都是有60天的停留福利的,可以收拾收拾東西,旅旅遊。如果你有緊急的事情,正常和學校申請中止學業,也是有15天可以用來準備離境,這就是上面說的Authorized Early Withdrawal (AEW)。如果I20的終止是violated的,違反了規矩或者法律,導致的,那麼在I20停掉的那天起,就開始計算非法滯留時間,並沒有一點額外的時間用來準備離境。

特朗普政府更新學生簽證政策,非法滯留行為將嚴格計算

那麼,你估計很好奇,非法滯留會導致什麼結果?

If an alien, other than an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence, accrues unlawful presence in the United States, he or she may be inadmissible pursuant to section 212(a)(9)(B)(i) (Three-year and Ten-year bars) or 212(a)(9)(C)(i)(I) of the Act (Permanent bar).

1. 3年禁止申請入境:非法滯留時間超過180天,但是少於1年,在強制遞解出境前主動離境。

2. 10年禁止申請入境:非法滯留時間達到1年或者更長的時間,自主動離境或遞解出境之日起開始計算。

3. 永久禁止申請入境:非法滯留時間超過1年,並且在沒有合法簽證的情況下嘗試進入美國。

非法滯留時間可以查嗎?現在I94是可以在線查詢出入境記錄的,如果產生了非法滯留也是可以查到的,網站給你預備好了:https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/#/home

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