高考同源阅读：2017年高考英语全国卷Ⅰ阅读B篇

高中英语研究中心：同源多源小课堂

近年来，高考英语阅读语篇均以外网、外刊为素材来源，而这些素材在选材来源的特征以及改写规律相关方面的研究尚存空白，教学考试杂志社英语研究中心根据历年高考命题趋势，进行同源、多源阅读素材筛选，并探究篇章截取、改写的方法，形成规律性结论。本文在此梳理同源多源语篇概念，并以2017年高考英语全国卷Ⅰ阅读B篇为例。

此篇同源阅读外网来源网址

同源网站：

http:/www.newsday.com

原文网址：

https://www.newsday.com/opinion/oped/a-baby-owl-teaches-an-earth-day-lesson-1.10310378

高考阅读语篇&外网原文改写

以下高考原文中的棕色字体

为外网原文改写后的内容

高考命题原文改写方式：

1

蓝色字体去掉

高考命题原文改写方式：

1

蓝色字体去掉

2

owl增加词汇翻译

高考命题原文改写方式：

1

蓝色字体去掉

2

chick增加词汇翻译

3

option改为work

高考命题原文改写方式：

1

蓝色字体去掉

2

wove改为put

3

wire改为basket

4

it改为chick

5

It quickly calmed down 变为and it quickly calmed down

高考命题原文改写方式：

1

蓝色字体去掉

2

screeches改为screams

高考命题原文改写方式：

1

蓝色字体去掉

2

增加了The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so

高考命题原文改写规律总结

1

简单改写：　

直接截取部分段落；整体无大段改写，只改写几处词汇和句子，无自主撰写内容。

2

具体细节改写：　

【1】段落中词汇替换，将超纲词改易；

【2】将不常见短语替换成常见词；

【3】将复杂句改成简单句；

【4】将长句缩短；

【5】生僻词添加翻译。

3

复杂改写:

【1】截取部分段落后再根据原文重新撰写后面的内容；

【2】将原文段落内容按逻辑顺序翻转重组；

【3】跨段落跨句子合并改写。

高考阅读语篇及命题

I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.

I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2－to 3－week－old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.

I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.

The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.

Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.

A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.

24．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to Paragraph 1?

A．Efforts made in vain.

B．Getting injured in his work.

C．Feeling uncertain about his future.

D．Creatures forced out of their homes.

25．Why was the author called to Muttontown?

A．To rescue a woman.

B．To take care of a woman.

C．To look at a baby owl.

D．To cure a young owl.

26．What made the chick calm down?

A．A new nest. B．Some food.

C．A recording. D．Its parents.

27．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?

A．It's unexpected. B．It's beautiful.

C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging.

真题解析

第24题

【答案】A

一

命题逻辑

考查能力：获取具体信息

二

试题本身

1

题干分析

<1>命题角度：以what提问，要求回答在工作中什么不能避免

<2>设问方式：问句类

2

选项分析

<1>正确选项特征：同义转换

<2>干扰项特征：望文生义、颠倒是非

<3>选项字数：单个选项4~6词，总词数20个词

<4>选项排列：由短到长

三

解题过程

1

解题思维：

根据题干要求，在文本寻找与“不能避免”有关的信息。

2

得分点：

"survival is never certain."是关键点。

3

易错点/难点：

“survival is never certain.”与 "Efforts made in vain"不能同义转换，导致误选。

第25题

【答案】C

一

命题逻辑

考查能力：获取具体信息

二

试题本身

1

题干分析

<1>命题角度：文章细节信息处命题，以why提问， 要求回答有人给住着打电话的原因

<2>设问方式：问句类

2

选项分析

<1>正确选项特征：推理判断

<2>干扰项特征：望文生义、无中生有

<3>选项字数：单个选项4~6词，总词数21个词

<4>选项排列：长度基本相当

三

解题过程

1

解题思维：

根据题干，在文本中寻找作者接电话的内容。

2

得分点：

"I got a rescue call... She had found a young owl (猫头鹰) on the ground."是信息点。

3

易错点/难点：

考生一看到题干上的a rescue call，就凭经验想当然认为叫作者去是为了治疗那只猫头鹰，属于常识误导。

第26题

【答案】A

一

命题逻辑

考查能力：获取具体信息

二

试题本身

1

题干分析

<1>命题角度：文章细节信息处命题，以what提问，要求回答是是什么让猫头鹰幼崽安静下来

<2>设问方式：问句类

2

选项分析

<1>正确选项特征：同义转换

<2>干扰项特征：无中生有

<3>选项字数：单个选项2~3词，总词数9个词

<4>选项排列：长度基本相当

三

解题过程

1

解题思维：

根据题干，字文本中寻找与chick有关联的信息。

2

得分点：

“...make this nest safe and comfortable...and it quickly calmed down.”是得分信息。

3

易错点/难点：

作者临时给它做了一个窝，所以是“新的”，考生因为选项中有new,但在文本中没有出现，导致误选，信息不对称错误。

第27题

【答案】B

一

命题逻辑

考查能力：推理判断的能力

二

试题本身

1

题干分析

<1>命题角度：文章细节信息处命题， 以how提问，要求回答作者对结果的感受

<2>设问方式：问句类

2

选项分析

<1>正确选项特征：词汇复现

<2>干扰项特征：无中生有、以偏概全

<3>选项字数：单个选项2词，总词数8个词

<4>选项排列：长度基本相当

三

解题过程

1

解题思维：

结合最后一段和第一段，综合分析作者的感受。

2

得分点：

第一段"However, when it works, it is simply beautiful."信息是关键。

3

易错点/难点：

考生缺乏综合分析能力，不能讲最后一段信息与第一段信息结合推断答案。