高考英語48個必考知識點
29. on the air 廣播
We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以後開始廣播。
This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個節目每天在同一時間播出。
30. think highly/well/much of對……評價很高, 讚賞, 對……印象好
He was highly thought of by the manager.經理對他非常讚賞。
I think well of your suggestion.我覺得你的建議很好。
think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺得……不怎麼樣
I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我覺得他作為一個老師不怎麼樣。
31. leave out
1) 漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出錯了—你漏掉了一個字母t.
2) 刪掉, 沒用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我沒有作出變動也沒有刪掉任何東西。
32. stare at （由於好奇、激動等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）凝視，盯著看
Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯著外國人看，這樣不禮貌。
比較：glare at （to stare angrily at）怒視著
這兩個小男孩互相怒視著，隨時準備開戰。
33. make jokes about 就……說笑
They make jokes about my old hat.他們就我的舊帽子說笑我。
have a joke with … about…跟某人開關於某事的玩笑。
He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下來跟我開玩笑。
play a joke on…開某人的玩笑
We played jokes on each other. 我們互相開玩笑。
v. joke about 取笑 They joked about my broken English.他們取笑我蹩腳的英。
34. take over 接管；接替；繼承
what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我們的主席走了，因此傑克將接管（他的工作）。
35. break down
1) 破壞；拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)據說和談破裂了。
2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town. 我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。
3) 失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。
4) 精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失聲痛哭。
5) 起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化學物質引起食物轉化。
36. get on one’s feet
1）站起來;站起來發言
2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立
3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢復, 復甦(指企業)
37. go through
1) 經歷；經受；遭到
These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。
2) 完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。
3）通過；批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 議會已經通過了這項法案。
Their plans went through. 他們的計劃得到了批准。
4）全面檢查；搜查
They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。
38. “So + be／have／助動詞／情態動詞＋主詞”的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，“So”代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”的結構。
He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．)
You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)
She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)
Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)
A: I went to the park yesterday．
B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)
39.“So +主語+be／have／助動詞／情態動詞”結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當於indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是“確實如此”。
A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。
B：So it was．的確如此。(＝Yes，it was．)
A：You seem to like sports．
B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)
A：It will be fine tomorrow．
B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．)
40.“主語+do/does/did + so”結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重複。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.) 語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦了。
41. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情況)也是如此。”當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
42. There you are. 行了，好。 這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結果的用語。
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.
除此之外，還可以表示“瞧，對吧（果然如此）”的語氣。
There you are! I knew we should find it at last.
對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。
43. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 幹某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?
你理解英語口語有困難嗎？
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.
她說她在發音方面有困難。
44. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“對……有某種程度的瞭解”
①He has a good knowledge of London.
他對倫敦有所瞭解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
45. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。
fun “好玩，趣事”，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會玩得很開心。
make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那麼奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著他父親
的衣服，看上去很滑稽。
46. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子裡所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是一個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。
47. 直接引語和間接引語
（1）直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。
eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般過去時改成過去完成時)
He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”
(現在完成時改成過去完成時)
Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”
(一般將來時改成過去將來時)
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
過去完成時保留原有的時態
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”
He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意 直接引語是客觀真理，過去進行時，時態不變。
（2）在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。如：
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
（3）直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句。如：
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
（4）直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如：
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.
He asked him to pass her the water.
（5）直接引語如果是以“Let’s”開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用“suggest+動名詞或從句”的結構。如：
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
48. 現在進行時表將來的動作
現在進行時表將來的動作，謂語通常為瞬間動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動詞的進行時後不能再接具體的時間。
（1）用現在進行時表示將來，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發生的動作。
（2）現在進行時表示將來與表示正在進行的動作的區別在於：前者通常用瞬間動詞（有時一些常用動詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而後者通常是持續性動詞。
The train is arriving soon. 火車就要進站了。
He is reading a novel. 他在看小說。
（3）用現在進行時表示將來的時間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語。
（4）現在進行時與一般現在時表示將來動作的區別在於：前者表示的將來的動作往往是可以改變的，而後者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你們打算幹什麼？
The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.
飛機今晚七點半起飛。
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