2012-2019：全国卷高考七选五精选+高考语法填空破解11招

亲爱的同学们：前两期我们探讨了七选五如何做题

你们尝试了没有呢？

今天，我们节选了全国卷优秀的试题，给到大家

跟我一起来试试吧！！

刘凯老师说：

七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。

秘卷一

How to Express Gratitude to Your Loved Ones

如何表达对你所爱的人的感激之情

Write “thank you” cards. “Thank you” cards aren't just meant for your teachers；you can give them to anyone who has influenced your life in a positive way. You can write these cards to your best friend, and ___36___

Do favors for your friends. If you want to express your gratitude, then you shouldn't do favors for your friends just because they've helped you out recently or because you want something in return. Instead, ___37___

Listen. Just sit down with the person, shut off your phone, make eye contact, and take the time to really hear the person out, instead of interrupting or planning your response in your head.

___38___ Don't compare the person's experiences to your own unless you really think it will help.

Tell your family members how much you appreciate them. You may be taking your family members for granted without even realizing it. If you want to show your family members how much they mean to you, then all you have to do is ___39___, and to show that you appreciate all of the love, rides, food, help, and any other offerings they have given you.

___40___ Another way to express gratitude is to thank a person in front of other people. You shouldn't do this in a way that makes the person embarrassed, but you should make it clear how much the person means to you and how hard he or she has worked for you.

A. you can study harder

B. help them out just because you care for them

C. Don't give advice unless the person asks for it.

D. because your parents love you and care you deeply

E. to remember to tell them that you love them every single day

F. you don't need to wait for a special occasion to send one along, either.

G Express gratitude to the person publicly

【答案】36. F 37. B 38. C 39. E 40. G

【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了向自己所爱的人表达感激之情的六种方法。

【36题详解】根据上文You can write these cards to your best friend, and（你可以把这些卡片写给你最好的朋友）可对应到F选项：也不需要等到特殊的场合才寄出。其中F选项中send可对应上文cards。故选F。

【37题详解】根据上文If you want to express your gratitude, then you shouldn't do favors for your friends just because they've helped you out recently or because you want something in return.（如果你想表达你的感激之情，那么你不应该仅仅因为你的朋友最近帮了你的忙或者你想要一些回报就帮他们。）以及Instead“相反”可知应选B：帮助他们，因为你关心他们。故选B。

​

【38题详解】根据下文Don't compare the person's experiences to your own unless you really think it will help.（不要把别人的经历和你自己的比较，除非你真的认为这样会有帮助。）可知除非对方要求的情况下，否则不要随便给别人建议。故选C。

【39题详解】根据下文and to show that you appreciate all of the love, rides, food, help, and any other offerings they have given you.（表达你对他们给予你的爱、乘车、食物、帮助和其他一切的感激之情。）可知建议要对家人表达自己的爱，故E选项：记住每天都要告诉他们你爱他们。符合语境。故选E。

【40题详解】根据下文Another way to express gratitude is to thank a person in front of other people.（表达感激的另一种方式是在别人面前感谢一个人。）可知是建议公开表达对他人的感激之情。故选G。

密卷二

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

As most of us know, talking and listening don't go smoothly every time. Will your parents take you seriously, believe what you say, listen to and respect your opinions？___16___But some of what happens depends on you, too. Since communication is a two－way street, the way you talk can influence how well a parent listens and understands you. So here are some guidelines to consider when talking to parents：

●Be clear and direct. Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want.___17___They can listen better or be more helpful if they understand what you mean and what's really going on.

●Be honest. If you're always honest, a parent will be likely to believe what you say. If you sometimes hide the truth or add too much drama, your parents will have a harder time believing what you tell them. If you lie, they'll find it hard to trust you.

●Try to understand their point of view. If you have a disagreement, can you see your parents' side？___18___Telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to see yours, too.

●Try not to argue or complain. Using a tone that's friendly and respectful makes it more likely that your parents will listen and take what you say seriously. ___19___If you think your emotions might get the better of you, do something to blow off steam before talking: Go for a run.Cry.___20___Do whatever it takes to sound calm when you need to.

A．Hit your pillow

B．If you can, say so.

C．A lot depends on your parents.

D．Think twice before you make a decision.

E．Your parents won't always see things in your way.

F．Give details that can help your parents understand your situation.

G．Of course, this is hard for any of us when we're feeling heated about something.

【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. A

【刘凯老师解析】本文是一篇说明文，孩子和父母的交流通常都是不顺利的，文章中提出了四条改善与父母交流的建议。

【16题详解】横线后一句“But some of what happens depends on you, too.”中的“too”表示横线句应该和它保持一致性，故C项“A lot depends on your parents.”符合上下文。父母和孩子的交流能否顺利，很大程度上取决于父母亲，也取决于你。

【17题详解】横线前句“Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want.”告诉我们和父母交流的时候，要尽可能地把你的想法表达清楚，清楚的细节可以帮助你的父母亲了解你的处境。故F项“Give details that can help parents understand your situation.”与上下文一致。

【18题详解】横线前句问：如果你和父母不同意见，你能否站在父母的角度看问题？后句：告诉父母你理解他们的看法能够帮助他们更愿意理解你的想法。这两部分之间需要有个连接句，表示：如果你能够站在父母的立场看到问题，你就应该这样做。这样可以把前后句串联在一起。所以B项符合上下文串联。

【19题详解】本段的建议是不要争吵或抱怨。建议我们用友好的语调和父母亲交流，但是有时候很难做到这样。G项“Of course, this is hard for any of us when we’re feeling heated about something.”与前句联系紧密。

【20题详解】横线后句“Do whatever it takes to sound calm when you need to”告诉我们要做一些让自己平静下来的事情，A项“Hit your pillow.”和横线前句“Go for a run.”都属于这种做法。

密卷三

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It’s possible to be straightforward about climate change with our children and protect their emotional well-being. Here are some ways to help children be part of the team that relieves the impact of climate change, so they don’t have to despair over the future.

Don't overdo the news不要过分报道新闻

Although adults may want to watch and listen to the news, a little goes a long way for children. “There’s a difference between being prepared and being overwhelmed, especially for kids,” she said. “I don’t want them to feel hopeless.” The news cycle can be too much, especially if a child is sensitive. “When you have anxious kids watching the TV or anxious families ,you literally see an uptick in kids’ anxiety,” she says. “When parents do doom and gloom and watch TV a lot, they’re hurting their children.” It’s the responsibility of parents and caregivers to regulate their kids’ media consumption; ________31_________.

Know your child了解你的孩子

________32________. It’s not so much about keeping kids away from every bit of information about rising temperatures and extinction, and it’s that “you handle it differently. You change the words depending on their age, their sophistication and what we think they can handle — what they need.”

Emphasize agency强调机构

At home or in school, parents and educators can pair environmental studies with actionable steps such as having kids organize a challenge to increase the number of students and faculty bringing reusable bottles to school. They can research how many species have thrived under the Endangered Species Act or find a way to compost cafeteria scraps. _______33_______. Families can support an environmental organization, plan a park cleanup or host a bake sale to raise money for habitat preservation of a kid’s favorite endangered animal.

_______34_______

None of us will be able to make a dent in all aspects of climate change on our own, but we can break down the issues into bite-size, manageable pieces. ______35______ whether that’s supporting science and tech to help manage rising sea levels, getting involved in politics to protect those who have to leave flooded land, or helping physically move displaced people.

A. Try something new

B. Manage what you can manage

C. They simply do not need to know everything.

D. We can explore many ways that we can change outcome.

E. Inviting children to brainstorm for progress helps energize and give them help.

F. It is up to parents to assess how much their children can take.

G. Last month, they even weighted it classroom by classroom to measure their sorting success.

参考答案：

密卷四

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.

Do you want your parents to be proud of you? Do you want them to trust you the most, and believe that they can count on you? Do you want to be the role model of good behavior? Being responsible is the answer. Then how to be responsible?

31______________.

Parents love to see clean rooms, organized closets, and floors that don't have piles of things on them. Do a little bit of cleaning each day so it is never overwhelming.

Try setting aside a time to do five minutes of cleaning, such as after supper each evening.

Find your own personal style: cute, preppy, girly, boyish, serious, or whimsical. Whatever your style, your clothes should be neat. Brush your hair and teeth, stay clean, and 32_____________. This will help you look and feel like an angel child.

Stay on top of your responsibilities.

Do your homework as soon as you come home, which will please your parents and give you the rest of the day free. Put effort into your schoolwork, and get the best grades you can.

If you need help, ask for it! This won't bother your parents—33______________

Get plenty of sleep, eat well, and spend time outdoors. This shows your parents that they taught you well.

Acknowledge your mistakes.

Blaming other people is immature (and parents can usually tell when you're doing it). Instead, go to your parents and say, "It was my fault and I am sorry.” Even if they're unhappy about your mistake, 34_________________ But don't backanswer, they can surely get angry and would always point out your mistakes the next time. So, control yourself and stay calm even in the time of worst situations.Keep your promises.

If you offered to help, do what you said you'd do. 35_________________ and they'll trust you when it comes to the important things. If you aren't sure whether you can do something, don't promise to do it. Instead, say "I think I can," or "I'll try."

A. Do what they ask you to do without talking back.

B. Eat fruits and vegetable.

C. Your parents will love to see you being kind.

D. It shows them that you care.

E. They will be proud of you for owning up to it.

F. Parents appreciate reliability.

G. Stay neat and organized

七选五参考答案：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

31. G总结性的小标题：生活中可以干的一点小事来证明自己可以对自己的生活负责。

32. B根据前文的一些动作，选出具体可以保持健康的动作。

33. D 破折号的作用就是对前面一句话的解释说明。

34. E 上下文的逻辑关系，证明承认自己的错误不但不会让父母不高兴，反而会让他们感到自豪。

35. F 后文讲到是父母信任孩子，所以前文出现了总结性的词reliability。

秘卷五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

You are reading a book or opening an envelope when, all of a sudden, there’s a sharp pain on our finger. You see a little bit of blood and realize you’ve just gotten a paper cut.

36 ? Dr. Hayley Goldbach, a resident dermatologist(皮肤科医生) at UCLA Health, spoke about the reasons.

He explained that one reason why paper cuts hurt so much is where they occur: primarily on the finger. We have nerve endings all over the body. 37 , where there is refined movement and sensation, there is a high density of nerve endings. These nerve endings send signals to the brain about a break in the skin.

Another reason is that the wound is constantly getting opened. You often get paper cuts on the pad or the tip of the finger. It’s hard not to use your hands because you’re using them throughout the day. 38 .

The paper itself also accounts for the pain. Paper might look and seem smooth but under a microscope the edge is actually jagged. It cuts you pretty quickly before you have the chance to realize it. This, in turn, leaves behind a cut that is jagged rather than smooth.

39 . Paper cut happens so quickly that you don’t have time to withdraw your hand. With some other injuries, you have time to react. With paper cut, we don’t expect to hurt ourselves while working, and therefore the surprise of cuts leaves us in further pain. We tend to be careful with a knife because we know there’s a danger, but we ignore the danger with paper.

If you do get a paper cut, Dr. Golbach recommends washing it with soap and water and putting a Band-Aid on it. 40 .

A. How can we avoid the paper cuts

B. If it’s infected, see a doctor immediately

C. Why do these shallow cuts hurt so much

D. However, in places like the lips or tips of the fingers

E. While paper creates cuts deep enough to upset the cells

F. Additionally, mental and emotional elements cause hurts, too

G. So there’s constant pressure on the wound without a chance for it to heal

参考答案：

密卷六

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. Given that it's so easy to take up the sport, a lot of beginners jump right into running without actually knowing what it takes to establish a healthy routine.

___36___. If you are just starting out, avoid the following things to help you increase your chances of running success.

Doing too much too soon

One of the biggest mistakes beginners make is doing too much too soon. Picking up a new hobby like running is no doubt exciting. Runners need to ease into the sport before increasing the distance. ___37___.

___38___

Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth. ___39___， especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense (剧烈的) exercise. So it's important to give your body ample rest between workouts. Follow a training plan that includes rest days.

Comparing yourself to others

___40___, You're excited about running, so you are probably reading running blogs, magazines and message boards where you might start to feel inadequate about your own running pace. Instead of getting down on yourself， remember that every runner was once a beginner and use their success as motivation!

A. Not running every day

B. Not taking rest days

C. Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your body

D. As mentioned, a healthy routine is what they attach importance to

E. When starting out with running, it's tough not to compare yourself to others

F. Many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (干扰) with training or lead to injury

G. It will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine

【答案】36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. E

【刘凯老师解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了对于刚开始跑步的人，要避免哪些事项来提高成功的机会。

【36题详解】根据上文 Given that it's so easy to take up the sport, a lot of beginners jump right into running without actually knowing what it takes to establish a healthy routine.可知鉴于这项运动非常容易，许多初学者在没有真正知道如何建立健康的日常生活的情况下直接跑步。承接上文，F项（许多人会犯很多常见的错误，这些错误会干扰训练或导致伤害）切题，故选F项。

【37题详解】根据上文Runners need to ease into the sport before increasing the distance.可知跑步者需要在增加跑步距离之前进行放松运动。承接下文，G项（它有助于降低受伤风险，因此你可以继续新的跑步日常）切题。G项it指的是前面整个句子，对前面的句子做出了进一步的解释。故选G项。

【38题详解】根据本段Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth 。和Follow a training plan that includes rest days.可知初学者可能会认为他们几乎每天都要跑步以达到他们的健身或减肥目标，但这不可能是事实。要在训练计划中安排休息。所以这段要讲的误区就是坚持跑步而不休息，B项（没有休息日）符合，故选B项。

【39题详解】根据后文especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense exercise.可知特别是对那些肌肉和骨骼不适合如此剧烈的运动的初跑者，此处是想表达跑步是一项有难度的运动，连接下文，C项（跑步是一项要求很高的运动，对你的身体来说可以真的很难）切题，故选C项。

【40题详解】根据小标题Comparing yourself to others可知跑步一个误区就是拿自己和别人比较，E项（刚开始跑步的时候，不拿自己和别人比较很难做到）符合语境，故选E项。

秘卷七

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A group trip is much more different than what one might expect with an organized tour or a solo holiday. ____16____ Thus, it is certainly an experience to enjoy.

Going on holiday with a group of friends is all about having fun, creating memories and trying a new experience with a shared interest to travel. ___17___ It also helps you learn more about how to travel. Whether you decide to go in a large group of up to 10 people or more or go in a much smaller group of 4, group trips are a great way to bond and reconnect with one another. ___18___ It can happen periodically, perhaps once or twice a year.

Planning a group trip may be difficult but the result will be satisfying. Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip. ____19____ This will give group members an idea of what they can expect for the next group trip.

The purpose of the group trip, for some, may be to escape from the city or their current busy schedules. ____20____ Whether they will be positive or negative memories, the main idea is that as a group they will be able to link their trip to the memories created.

A. Besides, it doesn’t have to be a constant activity.

B. You will only enjoy such a trip once in a lifetime.

C. It means being inside jokes, great stories and plenty of laughs.

D. It’s special both in its form and the unique experience it offers.

E. For others, it may be to catch up with friends over a period of time.

F. They have been alone for too long a time and thus badly need a trip.

G. You will experience new or familiar destinations with close acquaintances.

【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. G 20. E

【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了团体旅游的三点好处。

【16题详解】根据下文Thus, it is certainly an experience to enjoy.（因此，这当然是一种享受的体验。）可知上文对团体旅游是一种支持态度，故D选项“它的形式和独特的体验都很特别。”符合语境。故选D。

【17题详解】根据上文Going on holiday with a group of friends is all about having fun, creating memories and trying a new experience with a shared interest to travel.（和一群朋友一起去度假就是为了玩得开心，创造回忆，尝试一种新的体验，分享旅行的乐趣。）可知团体旅游玩的开心意味着讲笑话，讲精彩的故事，开怀大笑。故选C。

【18题详解】根据下文It can happen periodically, perhaps once or twice a year.（它可以周期性地发生，也许一年一两次。）可知团体旅游它不必是一项持续的活动。故选A。

【19题详解】根据上文Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip.（选择一个众所周知的目的地或一个未知的目的地。这个决定实际上可以为这次旅行的心情打下基础。）中的destination可对应到G选项“你会和熟悉的人一起经历新的或熟悉的目的地。”故选G。

【20题详解】根据上文The purpose of the group trip, for some, may be to escape from the city or their current busy schedules.（对于一些人来说，团体旅行的目的可能是为了逃离城市或他们目前繁忙的日程安排。）中for some可对应到E选项中for others，“对其他人来说，可能是在一段时间内赶上朋友。”符合语境。故选E。

【刘凯老师点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第四小题，根据上文Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip.（选择一个众所周知的目的地或一个未知的目的地。这个决定实际上可以为这次旅行的心情打下基础。）中的destination可对应到G选项“你会和熟悉的人一起经历新的或熟悉的目的地。”故选G。

密卷八

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。请将该题答案转涂到答题卡71—75对应位置，16—20不再填涂。

Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. ___16___

Body image is a person’s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look. You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections. ____17___Here are some ideas.

Recognize your strengths.

Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well? Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing, or acting. ____18___.

Exercise regularly.

Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (体形)don’t just happen. ___19____ A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week. Working out can also lift your spirits.

Respect your body.

Practicing good habits-regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin; wearing clean clothes, and so on—can help you build a positive body image.

____20____

Your body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy, a quick wit (智慧), and all the other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over.

A. Be yourself.

B. Just explore talents that you feel good about.

C. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.

D. Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at.

E. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.

F. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.

G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?

七选五参考答案：CGBFA

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whether you're a child, teenager, young adult or are middle-aged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development. 36 No matter your age, there are 5 ways to show respect.

● Respect their belongings.

One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewelry or other valuable things. For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent's belongings is a violation（侵犯）of personal boundaries. 37 And never borrow things without asking first.

● Punctuality.

38 Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew（宵禁）. Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you're going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.

●39

Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honor your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don't expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated. A phone call from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.

● Be kind.

Kind words and affection are simple ways to show respect. Tell your parents you love them. Listen and allow your parents to speak without interruption. Show a sincere interest in what your parents have to say. Be patient with your parents and don't rush them. Never talk back or be rude or disrespectful. Acknowledge your parents' achievements. 40

A．Be a good listener.

B．Celebrate with them.

C．Lateness indicates a lack of respect.

D．Treat your parents the way you would like to be treated.

E. And they love you unconditionally throughout your life.

F. Being respectful helps build positive relationships with others.

G. Don't take advantage of your parents' kindness and generosity.

参考答案：36-40 EGCBD

高考英语语法填空主要考查学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。

北京2019年也将加入这一考察队伍。

考生们不要怕，只要有扎实的英语基础知识并辅之以相应的解题技巧，就能拿到高分。

今天这11条解题技巧，囊括了高考英语语法填空题的大部分考查方向。祝大家高考大捷！

高考语法填空破解11招

历年考点

高考语法填空题考查过的考点有：时态和语态、非谓语动词、助动词、形容词、副词、名词、冠词、代词、介词、连词、连接词、关系词、祈使句。

这些考点共涉及到《英语课程标准》中的19个语法项目，暂时在高考中没有考到的语法项目有：数词、省略、倒装、强调、虚拟语气。另外，动词中的情态动词以及除一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时外的时态目前均没有在高考中考查过。

11招解题技巧

本题型分两种情况：一种为有提示词，一种为无提示词。今天给大家分享11个破解语法填空的实用技巧，助你高考英语语法填空轻松拿高分！

有提示词题型

这种考查形式主要考查词性转换、名词单复数变化、形容词或副词的比较级与最高级变化、动词的时态和语态（含主谓一致）以及动词的非谓语形式。这类题同样需先判断设空处在句中的功能，其次再确定该用什么形式。

1

提示词是动词

动词的变化是语法填空题考查的重点之一。提示词为动词时可能考查谓语动词、非谓语动词或名词等。

a. 考查谓语动词时需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。如：

Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ...

解析：此处描述的是1863年伦敦地铁的情况，主语Steam engines是复数，且是谓语动词use所表示动作的承受者，故填were used。

b. 考查非谓语动词时需考虑用动词-ing形式、过去分词还是不定式，同时还要考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态。如：

【例1】My ambassadorial duties will include ________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre ...

解析：设空处作宾语，且表示多次重复发生的动作，故填introducing。

【例2】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ________ (create) special designs.

解析：workers与create之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且此处表目的，故填to create。

c. 考查名词时需注意名词的数。如：

Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best ________ (perform) to this day.

解析：由the Great Jason's best可知设空处应填名词且意为“表演”，再根据that show remains可知应用单数形式，故填performance。

2

提示词是形容词

此时可能考查提示词的反义词、副词、比较等级或名词等。

a. 考查提示词的反义词时需根据文章逻辑判断。如：

A person's weight is private, and making comments about it is definitely considered ________ (polite).

解析：由private（私密的）可知，评论别人的体重被认为是不礼貌的，故填impolite。

The title will be ________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.

解析：设空处修饰谓语动词，故填副词officially。

c. 考查比较等级时，应考虑用比较级还是最高级。如：

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of ________ (great) and less importance.

解析：and连接并列成分，由and后的less可知应填great的比较级greater。此处意为“识别较重要的和不太重要的”。

d. 考查名词时，需注意名词的数。如：

In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.

解析：设空处意为“能力”，即不用电器就能调节室温的这一种能力，故填ability。

3

提示词是副词

此时可能考查比较等级或其反义形式。如：

【例1】We've been describing New Zealand as a rock star in the sense that it has been doing ________ (well) than almost all of the other developed world economies over the past couple of years.

解析：由than可知此处需填比较级，且此处意为“做得更好”，故填well的比较级better。

【例2】He was well hidden, but at last he was ________ (luckily) found.

解析：由well hidden和but可知，此处意为“不幸地被发现了”，故填unluckily。

4

提示词是名词

此时可能考查名词的数或形容词。如：

a. 名词的数通常需要根据主语、谓语、定语等来判断。如：

【例1】This trend ... has had some unintended side ________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

解析：由some及overweight and heart disease可知，“这个趋势有一些没有预料到的负作用”，故填effect的复数形式effects。

解析：由形容词terrible和括号中的crowd可知，此处应填名词，意为“人群”；作此义项讲时crowd是可数名词，再结合句意可知应填其复数形式crowds。

b. 形容词通常作定语或表语。如：

As ________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ...

解析：设空处作定语修饰名词architects，故填natural（天生的）。

无提示词题型

这种形式考查的内容主要是冠词、介词、助动词、连词、关系词和固定结构等。因为没有提示词，所以考生需要根据一些固定结构、短文大意、上下文的逻辑关系及对一些长难句结构的分析来确定所填内容。

5

考查冠词

主要考查冠词的基本用法及短语中的冠词。如：

The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects.

解析：短语one ... the other ...意为“一个……另一个……”，符合题意，故填the。

6

考查介词

主要考查介词的基本用法及短语中的介词。如：

Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets ________ the hotel to the opera hall.

解析：此处意为“从……到……”，故填from。

7

考查助动词

需要找出所缺成分并考虑时态。如：

Then the driver stood up and asked, “________ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”

解析：由asked和问号可知引号中内容是个疑问句，同时分析句子结构可知设空处需填助动词，再由句中的last stop可知句中的谓语应用一般过去时，故填Did。

8

考查连词

包括并列连词和从属连词。如：

I made my way backstage just ________ the great magician was putting on his top hat.

解析：设空处引导状语从句，且此处意为“正当……时”，故填as / when。

9

考查连接词

包括连接代词和连接副词。如：

It's amazing ________ often people say “If I can help just one ...”.

解析：设空处引导主语从句，且修饰often，故填how。

10

考查关系词

关键在于分析句子结构并找出先行词。如：

... the ring ... was spread over the garden, ________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.

解析：设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词garden，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。

11

考查固定结构

包括固定短语和句型。如：

Pahlsson screamed ________ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.

解析：分析句子结构可知，此处考查so ... that ... 句型，意为“如此……以致于……”。so修饰副词loudly。

1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt． This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight．

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet． They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions． When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something． As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing． Even

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food． However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes． Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health．

2．（2017新课标Ⅱ）

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London． It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 word． It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method． This included digging up the road， 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top． When all those had been done， the road surface was replaced．

Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise． However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using 67 every day．

Later，engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道），which became known to the tube． This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts． The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900． It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public．

3．（2017新课标Ⅲ）

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life． Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course． But unlike school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York．

Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year． Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate)．

She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture．

Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now． But at the moment, school 69 (come) first． I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling． It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal． I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more． "

刘凯老师介绍：

刘凯，男，蒙古族，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔人。本科为哈尔滨师范大学英语系，硕士为北京理工大学。美国亚利桑那大学访问学者，澳大利亚新兰威尔士大学ESL研修。2018年加州理工学院语言学双学位获得者。

北京市优秀青年教师，北京市级重点高中示范校骨干教师，多年高中一线执教经验，高三年级把关教师，多次参与东城区模拟试题命题工作，教学理念先进，教学成果突出，多篇教学论文获市区级奖项。

教育部课题研究员，参与国家十二五课题计划，并作出突出贡献，参与初中、高中各年级区级试题的命制，多次承担区级和市级研究课任务。

北京市科技英语优秀指导教师，所带学生在各级英语口语、作文竞赛中多次获奖；刘凯老师将扎实的英语基本功和严谨的学术思想作为教学的基础，课堂上善于寓教于乐，信息量大，内容丰富，使学生在和谐的课堂气氛下欣赏英语、享受英语、掌握英语、运用英语。

曾多次参加高考阅卷工作，参与人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各类高考教学用书的编写工作，有丰富的备考经验，国际核心期刊发表多篇论文。

2009-2012年期间，多次受邀在北京广播电台主持英语高考大纲解析及英语新课程改革节目，学术功底深厚，兼具偶像派与实力派特点，教风亲切洒脱，诙谐幽默，思维开阔，屡有奇思妙想，善于引导学生学以致用，对高考动向把握极其准确，深受学生和家长欢迎。尤其擅长英语语法和单词记忆法。

海外生活学习十年，社科人文类学科偏爱者；10年雅思教龄，多家知名机构教师培训师；

指导上万考生快速冲刺雅思写作、阅读，平均分数7.5分；独创“段落清空”、极简化“针对检索式”阅读法等众多高效技法；

每年雅思考试均在10次以上；均分8+；真题回忆准确度97%以上；贴近西式思路和语言指导学生写作；善于帮助学生突破学术写作思维瓶颈。

讲授科目有长难句、翻译、四六级考试、阅读和写作；在2014、2015、2016、2017四年考研中，接受其培训的所有考生中有近万名考生取得高分。

资深考研培训讲师；

英语四六级考试天团高级讲师；

雅思阅读、雅思写作培训主讲名师；

六级考试阅卷组成员；

深谙命题规律和解题套路，对英语的学习规律和方法见解独特。

带给学生的不只是考分的提高，更多的是对英语领悟和感知的突破。纯正的英音、独到的见解、睿智的思维和轻松幽默的语言，为其赢得了广大学生的认同和喜爱。

【参考答案】

1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）

61． As 分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。

62． Effects 考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“some”及空后的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。

63． to process 考查非谓语动词。 be required to do sth.为固定用法。

64． are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。

65． a 考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。

66． worse 考查比较级。短语Even worse意为“更糟糕的是”，表示意义的递进。故用worse。

67． is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为Fast food． 故填is。

68． eating考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。

69． careful考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful“当心的”构成系表结构。

70． which考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。

2． （2017新课标Ⅱ）

61． crowds考查名词复数。因为crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。

62． from考查介词。此处是指“当他们来回上下班时”。

63． laying考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。

64． the考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在top前加the。

65． were used 考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863年的事情，而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。

66． fairly考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。

67． it考查代词。根据上文的“the railway quickly”可知，此处用it代替the railway。

68． managed考查动词时态。因为engineers与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。

69． introduction考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。

70． successful考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。

3． （2017新课标Ⅲ）

61． resting考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth． 是固定搭配，故填resting。

62． a考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示“作为一名模特”，故填a。

63． has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。

64． who 考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。

65． to prove考查非谓语动词。 want to do是固定搭配，故填to prove。

66． education考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。

67． invitations 考查名词单复数。 invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。

68． in考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。

69． comes考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes 。

70． certainly考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。

基础不规则动词变化一览（口诀版）

一. AAA型：即原形、过去式和过去分词三式都相同。

口诀1：（三句口诀任选一种）（10个单词）

助记口诀①：

助记口诀②：2H（hit, hurt) 花钱(cost) 让(let) 3S(set,shut,spread) 放(put)（下）读书(read)（去）切割（cut)

助记口诀③：让（let）他 放（put）下 砍

AAA型（原形→原形→原形）

原形　过去式　　过去分词 　汉语意思

cost cost 　　　cost 花费，值

cut 　cut　　　 cut 切，割

hit 　hit 　　　 hit 撞，击

hurt

let 　let　　　 let 让

put put 　　　 put 放

read read　　　read 读

set 　set 　　　 set 安排，安置

shut shut 　　 shut 关闭

spread spread spread 传播，散布

注意：read ---read--- read发音分别是：[ri:d]---[red

二. AAB型：即原形和过去式相同

口诀2：打败天下无敌手，分加en（1个单词）

原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思

beat beat beaten 打败

三. ABA型：即动词的过去分词与原形相同。

口诀3：跑、来、成为、超越，元音字母变成a（4个单词）

原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思

become became become 成为

come 　 came 　　 come 来

run ran 　　 run　　 跑

overcome overcame overcome 超越

四. ABB型：即动词的过去式和过去分词相同。

口诀4：教书被抓，有a则a,　aught (2个单词）

原形→aught →aught

原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思

catch caught caught 捉,抓

teach taught taught 教

原形→ought →ought

原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思

bring brought brought 带来

buy bought bought 买

fight fought fought 打架

think thought thought 思考

口诀6：加速射击喂牛遇见领导，“过分”后一个元音字母去掉

了。（“过分”指过去式和过去分词）(5个单词）

speed(加速）---sped--sped

(speed(加速）---speeded--speeded)

shoot(射击)---shot--shot

feed（喂养，饲养---fed---fed

meet（遇见）---met---met

lead(带路，领路--led---led

口诀7：坐下临时照看（想）吐痰，“过分”i变a。(3个单词）

sit(坐)---sat---sat,

babysit(代人临时照顾婴孩）---babysat---babysat

spit（吐痰）---spat---spat

口诀8：挖刺（粘贴）悬挂，原形中间的元音字母变成u。（3个单词）

dig（挖）---dug---dug ,

hang（悬挂）---hung---hung,

stick（粘贴，将……刺入）---stuck---stuck

口诀9：①（清洁工）睡觉（时还）保持打扫（的）感觉（却）睡过头（eep,eel中间去个e末尾加个t）（5个单词）

②我觉（feel）得，卫生靠平时保持（keep），睡觉（sleep）时就不要想着扫（sweep）地了，可以睡过头（oversleep)。

feel(觉)---felt---felt

keep(保存)---kept---kept

sleep（睡）---slept---slept

oversleep（睡过头）---overslept---overslept

sweep(扫)---

口诀10：①建造借出送花费，“过分”都是原形末尾的d变t。（4个单词）②我花钱（spend）建造（build）的房子，可以借（lend）给你 ，不能送（send）给你。

build(造)---built---built

lend（借）---lent---lent

send（邮寄，发送）---sent---sent

spend（花费）---spent---spent

口诀11：丢失闻拼写原形末尾的字母换成t。（3个单词）

lose（丢失）---lost---lost

smell（嗅）---smelt--smelt

spell(拼写)---spelt---spelt

口诀12：①梦见着火学习对付意思，“过分”原形后面加个t，梦见着火学习点燃也可以加ed。(6个单词）②“‘燃烧’（burn）意思是（mean）什么？” 我没有学会（learn），我做梦（dream）了，该怎么对付（deal)

burn(着火)---burnt---burnt,

dream（做梦）---dreamt---

learn(学习)---learnt---learnt,

deal(对付）---dealt---dealt

mean（意思是）---meant---meant

light（点燃）---lighted/---lighted,

light（点燃）---lit/---lit,

口诀13：听见“过分”直接加个d, 制造是k变d。（2个单词）

hear(听见）---heard---heard

make(制造）---

口诀14①放置（产卵）说付钱，ay变成aid。（3个单词）

②一只下蛋（lay）的鹅说（say）：“赶快付钱（pay）”。

lay（放，搁）---laid---laid,

pay（付报酬）---paid---paid,

say（说，讲）---said---said

口诀15：照耀赢了，i变o，发现i变为ou。(3个单词）

shine(照耀)---shone---shone

win(赢)---won---won,

find(发现）---found---found

口诀16：①站立理解an变为oo。（2个单词）②站（stand）着就听明白（understand）了。

stand(站立/忍受/坐落)---stood---stood,

understand（理解）---understood---understood

sell（卖）---sold---sold

tell(告诉)---told---told

口诀18：得到握住e,o互换，have的ve变为d, leave的ave变为ft。（4个单词）

get(成为/得到/到达)---got---got

hold（握，抓住）---held---held

have（有/吃/进行）---had---had

leave（离开/遗留/剩下）---left---left

五. ABC型：即原形、过去式和过去分词各不相同。

口诀19：①游泳喝酒唱歌开始打电话（谁知）下沉了。i---a---u(原形中含有字母i，在过去式中变为a，在过去分词中变为u。)（6个单词）②铃响（ring）后，开始（begin）唱歌（sing），游泳（swim）时，不要喝（drink）太多的水,否则会下沉（sink）的。

begin（开始，着手）---began---begun

drink（喝，饮）---drank---drunk

ring（响铃/打电话）---

sing（唱歌）---sang---sung

sink（下沉）---sank---sunk

swim（游泳）---swam---swum

口诀20：①长大后画画知道扔吹飞，过变ew,分加n(以字母ow或aw结尾的动词，在过去式中变成ew，过去分词则在原形后加-n。）（6个单词）②长（grow）大后，才知道（know）,不要乱扔（throw）乱吹（blow）乱画（draw）。

blow(刮风)---blew---blown

grow(成长/种植)---grew

know（知道）---knew---known

throw（投）---threw---thrown

draw（绘画）---drew---drawn

fly(飞)---flew---flown

注意：飞

口诀21：生育穿戴，ear过变ore,分变orn(原形-ear，过去式-ore，过去分词-orn。)(2个单词）

bear（生育）---bore---born

wear（穿）---wore---worn

口诀22：偷盗醒来结冰打破选择说忘记，过去元音变成o,偷盗打破说未成还要e尾随，分词“过”后加n。（7个单词）

break（打破）---broke---broken,

choose（选择）---chose---chosen,

freeze（结冰）---froze---frozen,

speak(说)---spoke---spoken,

forget(忘记)---forgot---forgotten

steal（偷盗）---stole---stolen,

wake(醒来)---woke---woken,

注意：忘记分词要双写t

口诀23：升起驾驶骑车写字,过i变o（眼睁大），分加en, 注意骑车写字双写辅音（d和t)。（4个单词）

rise(升起/出现)---rose----risen

drive（驾驶/驱赶）---drove---driven

ride(骑)---rode

write(写)---wrote---written

口诀24：规则的撒谎，不规则的躺，躺下就下蛋，下蛋不规则。（3个单词）

lie（躺/平放/位于）---lay---lain,

lie (撒谎、说谎)---lied ---lied

lay (放置，产卵，下蛋)---laid ---laid

口诀25：是给吃看见落下，隐藏弄错摇动拿，分词结尾是en。(9个单词）

be(是)---was/were---been

give（给）---gave---given

eat(吃)---ate---eaten

see（看见）---saw---seen

fall(落下)---fell---fallen

hide(隐藏)---hid---hidden

mistake（弄错）---mistook---mistaken

shake（摇动）---shook---shaken

take(拿)---took---taken

口诀26：其他变化形式（3个）

do, did, done, go, went, gone, 我们常常见；show,showed,shown展示看

do（做/干）---did---done

go（去/到达）---went---gone

show(出示)---showed---shown

六. 没有过去分词的动词(情态动词）（4个单词）

口诀27：can（能/可能）---could, may（可以/可能）---might

shall(将/会)---should, will(将/愿意)---would

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