2012-2019：全國卷高考七選五精選+高考語法填空破解11招

親愛的同學們：前兩期我們探討了七選五如何做題

你們嘗試了沒有呢？

今天，我們節選了全國卷優秀的試題，給到大家

跟我一起來試試吧！！

劉凱老師說：

七選五做題技巧。做題的時候邊讀邊做。各個問題附近的句子都需要重點閱讀，圈畫一些線索，再從選項中尋找相關的特徵詞用來判斷正確答案。帶入排除法也是一種很好的方法。另外，如果發現有一題拿不準的，先跳過，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點和主旨、各個段落之間的邏輯關係應該基本就能清楚了。然後再回過去做之前不確定的題目。

秘卷一

How to Express Gratitude to Your Loved Ones

如何表達對你所愛的人的感激之情

Write “thank you” cards. “Thank you” cards aren't just meant for your teachers；you can give them to anyone who has influenced your life in a positive way. You can write these cards to your best friend, and ___36___

Do favors for your friends. If you want to express your gratitude, then you shouldn't do favors for your friends just because they've helped you out recently or because you want something in return. Instead, ___37___

Listen. Just sit down with the person, shut off your phone, make eye contact, and take the time to really hear the person out, instead of interrupting or planning your response in your head.

___38___ Don't compare the person's experiences to your own unless you really think it will help.

Tell your family members how much you appreciate them. You may be taking your family members for granted without even realizing it. If you want to show your family members how much they mean to you, then all you have to do is ___39___, and to show that you appreciate all of the love, rides, food, help, and any other offerings they have given you.

___40___ Another way to express gratitude is to thank a person in front of other people. You shouldn't do this in a way that makes the person embarrassed, but you should make it clear how much the person means to you and how hard he or she has worked for you.

A. you can study harder

B. help them out just because you care for them

C. Don't give advice unless the person asks for it.

D. because your parents love you and care you deeply

E. to remember to tell them that you love them every single day

F. you don't need to wait for a special occasion to send one along, either.

G Express gratitude to the person publicly

【答案】36. F 37. B 38. C 39. E 40. G

【劉凱老師解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了向自己所愛的人表達感激之情的六種方法。

【36題詳解】根據上文You can write these cards to your best friend, and（你可以把這些卡片寫給你最好的朋友）可對應到F選項：也不需要等到特殊的場合才寄出。其中F選項中send可對應上文cards。故選F。

【37題詳解】根據上文If you want to express your gratitude, then you shouldn't do favors for your friends just because they've helped you out recently or because you want something in return.（如果你想表達你的感激之情，那麼你不應該僅僅因為你的朋友最近幫了你的忙或者你想要一些回報就幫他們。）以及Instead“相反”可知應選B：幫助他們，因為你關心他們。故選B。

​

【38題詳解】根據下文Don't compare the person's experiences to your own unless you really think it will help.（不要把別人的經歷和你自己的比較，除非你真的認為這樣會有幫助。）可知除非對方要求的情況下，否則不要隨便給別人建議。故選C。

【39題詳解】根據下文and to show that you appreciate all of the love, rides, food, help, and any other offerings they have given you.（表達你對他們給予你的愛、乘車、食物、幫助和其他一切的感激之情。）可知建議要對家人表達自己的愛，故E選項：記住每天都要告訴他們你愛他們。符合語境。故選E。

【40題詳解】根據下文Another way to express gratitude is to thank a person in front of other people.（表達感激的另一種方式是在別人面前感謝一個人。）可知是建議公開表達對他人的感激之情。故選G。

密卷二

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項。

As most of us know, talking and listening don't go smoothly every time. Will your parents take you seriously, believe what you say, listen to and respect your opinions？___16___But some of what happens depends on you, too. Since communication is a two－way street, the way you talk can influence how well a parent listens and understands you. So here are some guidelines to consider when talking to parents：

●Be clear and direct. Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want.___17___They can listen better or be more helpful if they understand what you mean and what's really going on.

●Be honest. If you're always honest, a parent will be likely to believe what you say. If you sometimes hide the truth or add too much drama, your parents will have a harder time believing what you tell them. If you lie, they'll find it hard to trust you.

●Try to understand their point of view. If you have a disagreement, can you see your parents' side？___18___Telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to see yours, too.

●Try not to argue or complain. Using a tone that's friendly and respectful makes it more likely that your parents will listen and take what you say seriously. ___19___If you think your emotions might get the better of you, do something to blow off steam before talking: Go for a run.Cry.___20___Do whatever it takes to sound calm when you need to.

A．Hit your pillow

B．If you can, say so.

C．A lot depends on your parents.

D．Think twice before you make a decision.

E．Your parents won't always see things in your way.

F．Give details that can help your parents understand your situation.

G．Of course, this is hard for any of us when we're feeling heated about something.

【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. A

【劉凱老師解析】本文是一篇說明文，孩子和父母的交流通常都是不順利的，文章中提出了四條改善與父母交流的建議。

【16題詳解】橫線後一句“But some of what happens depends on you, too.”中的“too”表示橫線句應該和它保持一致性，故C項“A lot depends on your parents.”符合上下文。父母和孩子的交流能否順利，很大程度上取決於父母親，也取決於你。

【17題詳解】橫線前句“Be as clear as you can about what you think, feel, and want.”告訴我們和父母交流的時候，要儘可能地把你的想法表達清楚，清楚的細節可以幫助你的父母親瞭解你的處境。故F項“Give details that can help parents understand your situation.”與上下文一致。

【18題詳解】橫線前句問：如果你和父母不同意見，你能否站在父母的角度看問題？後句：告訴父母你理解他們的看法能夠幫助他們更願意理解你的想法。這兩部分之間需要有個連接句，表示：如果你能夠站在父母的立場看到問題，你就應該這樣做。這樣可以把前後句串聯在一起。所以B項符合上下文串聯。

【19題詳解】本段的建議是不要爭吵或抱怨。建議我們用友好的語調和父母親交流，但是有時候很難做到這樣。G項“Of course, this is hard for any of us when we’re feeling heated about something.”與前句聯繫緊密。

【20題詳解】橫線後句“Do whatever it takes to sound calm when you need to”告訴我們要做一些讓自己平靜下來的事情，A項“Hit your pillow.”和橫線前句“Go for a run.”都屬於這種做法。

密卷三

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項。

It’s possible to be straightforward about climate change with our children and protect their emotional well-being. Here are some ways to help children be part of the team that relieves the impact of climate change, so they don’t have to despair over the future.

Don't overdo the news不要過分報道新聞

Although adults may want to watch and listen to the news, a little goes a long way for children. “There’s a difference between being prepared and being overwhelmed, especially for kids,” she said. “I don’t want them to feel hopeless.” The news cycle can be too much, especially if a child is sensitive. “When you have anxious kids watching the TV or anxious families ,you literally see an uptick in kids’ anxiety,” she says. “When parents do doom and gloom and watch TV a lot, they’re hurting their children.” It’s the responsibility of parents and caregivers to regulate their kids’ media consumption; ________31_________.

Know your child瞭解你的孩子

________32________. It’s not so much about keeping kids away from every bit of information about rising temperatures and extinction, and it’s that “you handle it differently. You change the words depending on their age, their sophistication and what we think they can handle — what they need.”

Emphasize agency強調機構

At home or in school, parents and educators can pair environmental studies with actionable steps such as having kids organize a challenge to increase the number of students and faculty bringing reusable bottles to school. They can research how many species have thrived under the Endangered Species Act or find a way to compost cafeteria scraps. _______33_______. Families can support an environmental organization, plan a park cleanup or host a bake sale to raise money for habitat preservation of a kid’s favorite endangered animal.

_______34_______

None of us will be able to make a dent in all aspects of climate change on our own, but we can break down the issues into bite-size, manageable pieces. ______35______ whether that’s supporting science and tech to help manage rising sea levels, getting involved in politics to protect those who have to leave flooded land, or helping physically move displaced people.

A. Try something new

B. Manage what you can manage

C. They simply do not need to know everything.

D. We can explore many ways that we can change outcome.

E. Inviting children to brainstorm for progress helps energize and give them help.

F. It is up to parents to assess how much their children can take.

G. Last month, they even weighted it classroom by classroom to measure their sorting success.

參考答案：

密卷四

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項.

Do you want your parents to be proud of you? Do you want them to trust you the most, and believe that they can count on you? Do you want to be the role model of good behavior? Being responsible is the answer. Then how to be responsible?

31______________.

Parents love to see clean rooms, organized closets, and floors that don't have piles of things on them. Do a little bit of cleaning each day so it is never overwhelming.

Try setting aside a time to do five minutes of cleaning, such as after supper each evening.

Find your own personal style: cute, preppy, girly, boyish, serious, or whimsical. Whatever your style, your clothes should be neat. Brush your hair and teeth, stay clean, and 32_____________. This will help you look and feel like an angel child.

Stay on top of your responsibilities.

Do your homework as soon as you come home, which will please your parents and give you the rest of the day free. Put effort into your schoolwork, and get the best grades you can.

If you need help, ask for it! This won't bother your parents—33______________

Get plenty of sleep, eat well, and spend time outdoors. This shows your parents that they taught you well.

Acknowledge your mistakes.

Blaming other people is immature (and parents can usually tell when you're doing it). Instead, go to your parents and say, "It was my fault and I am sorry.” Even if they're unhappy about your mistake, 34_________________ But don't backanswer, they can surely get angry and would always point out your mistakes the next time. So, control yourself and stay calm even in the time of worst situations.Keep your promises.

If you offered to help, do what you said you'd do. 35_________________ and they'll trust you when it comes to the important things. If you aren't sure whether you can do something, don't promise to do it. Instead, say "I think I can," or "I'll try."

A. Do what they ask you to do without talking back.

B. Eat fruits and vegetable.

C. Your parents will love to see you being kind.

D. It shows them that you care.

E. They will be proud of you for owning up to it.

F. Parents appreciate reliability.

G. Stay neat and organized

七選五參考答案：（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

31. G總結性的小標題：生活中可以乾的一點小事來證明自己可以對自己的生活負責。

32. B根據前文的一些動作，選出具體可以保持健康的動作。

33. D 破折號的作用就是對前面一句話的解釋說明。

34. E 上下文的邏輯關係，證明承認自己的錯誤不但不會讓父母不高興，反而會讓他們感到自豪。

35. F 後文講到是父母信任孩子，所以前文出現了總結性的詞reliability。

秘卷五

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多餘選項。

You are reading a book or opening an envelope when, all of a sudden, there’s a sharp pain on our finger. You see a little bit of blood and realize you’ve just gotten a paper cut.

36 ? Dr. Hayley Goldbach, a resident dermatologist(皮膚科醫生) at UCLA Health, spoke about the reasons.

He explained that one reason why paper cuts hurt so much is where they occur: primarily on the finger. We have nerve endings all over the body. 37 , where there is refined movement and sensation, there is a high density of nerve endings. These nerve endings send signals to the brain about a break in the skin.

Another reason is that the wound is constantly getting opened. You often get paper cuts on the pad or the tip of the finger. It’s hard not to use your hands because you’re using them throughout the day. 38 .

The paper itself also accounts for the pain. Paper might look and seem smooth but under a microscope the edge is actually jagged. It cuts you pretty quickly before you have the chance to realize it. This, in turn, leaves behind a cut that is jagged rather than smooth.

39 . Paper cut happens so quickly that you don’t have time to withdraw your hand. With some other injuries, you have time to react. With paper cut, we don’t expect to hurt ourselves while working, and therefore the surprise of cuts leaves us in further pain. We tend to be careful with a knife because we know there’s a danger, but we ignore the danger with paper.

If you do get a paper cut, Dr. Golbach recommends washing it with soap and water and putting a Band-Aid on it. 40 .

A. How can we avoid the paper cuts

B. If it’s infected, see a doctor immediately

C. Why do these shallow cuts hurt so much

D. However, in places like the lips or tips of the fingers

E. While paper creates cuts deep enough to upset the cells

F. Additionally, mental and emotional elements cause hurts, too

G. So there’s constant pressure on the wound without a chance for it to heal

參考答案：

密卷六

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項。

Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. Given that it's so easy to take up the sport, a lot of beginners jump right into running without actually knowing what it takes to establish a healthy routine.

___36___. If you are just starting out, avoid the following things to help you increase your chances of running success.

Doing too much too soon

One of the biggest mistakes beginners make is doing too much too soon. Picking up a new hobby like running is no doubt exciting. Runners need to ease into the sport before increasing the distance. ___37___.

___38___

Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth. ___39___， especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense (劇烈的) exercise. So it's important to give your body ample rest between workouts. Follow a training plan that includes rest days.

Comparing yourself to others

___40___, You're excited about running, so you are probably reading running blogs, magazines and message boards where you might start to feel inadequate about your own running pace. Instead of getting down on yourself， remember that every runner was once a beginner and use their success as motivation!

A. Not running every day

B. Not taking rest days

C. Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your body

D. As mentioned, a healthy routine is what they attach importance to

E. When starting out with running, it's tough not to compare yourself to others

F. Many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (干擾) with training or lead to injury

G. It will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine

【答案】36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. E

【劉凱老師解析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了對於剛開始跑步的人，要避免哪些事項來提高成功的機會。

【36題詳解】根據上文 Given that it's so easy to take up the sport, a lot of beginners jump right into running without actually knowing what it takes to establish a healthy routine.可知鑑於這項運動非常容易，許多初學者在沒有真正知道如何建立健康的日常生活的情況下直接跑步。承接上文，F項（許多人會犯很多常見的錯誤，這些錯誤會干擾訓練或導致傷害）切題，故選F項。

【37題詳解】根據上文Runners need to ease into the sport before increasing the distance.可知跑步者需要在增加跑步距離之前進行放鬆運動。承接下文，G項（它有助於降低受傷風險，因此你可以繼續新的跑步日常）切題。G項it指的是前面整個句子，對前面的句子做出了進一步的解釋。故選G項。

【38題詳解】根據本段Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth 。和Follow a training plan that includes rest days.可知初學者可能會認為他們幾乎每天都要跑步以達到他們的健身或減肥目標，但這不可能是事實。要在訓練計劃中安排休息。所以這段要講的誤區就是堅持跑步而不休息，B項（沒有休息日）符合，故選B項。

【39題詳解】根據後文especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense exercise.可知特別是對那些肌肉和骨骼不適合如此劇烈的運動的初跑者，此處是想表達跑步是一項有難度的運動，連接下文，C項（跑步是一項要求很高的運動，對你的身體來說可以真的很難）切題，故選C項。

【40題詳解】根據小標題Comparing yourself to others可知跑步一個誤區就是拿自己和別人比較，E項（剛開始跑步的時候，不拿自己和別人比較很難做到）符合語境，故選E項。

秘卷七

根據短文內容, 從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項。

A group trip is much more different than what one might expect with an organized tour or a solo holiday. ____16____ Thus, it is certainly an experience to enjoy.

Going on holiday with a group of friends is all about having fun, creating memories and trying a new experience with a shared interest to travel. ___17___ It also helps you learn more about how to travel. Whether you decide to go in a large group of up to 10 people or more or go in a much smaller group of 4, group trips are a great way to bond and reconnect with one another. ___18___ It can happen periodically, perhaps once or twice a year.

Planning a group trip may be difficult but the result will be satisfying. Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip. ____19____ This will give group members an idea of what they can expect for the next group trip.

The purpose of the group trip, for some, may be to escape from the city or their current busy schedules. ____20____ Whether they will be positive or negative memories, the main idea is that as a group they will be able to link their trip to the memories created.

A. Besides, it doesn’t have to be a constant activity.

B. You will only enjoy such a trip once in a lifetime.

C. It means being inside jokes, great stories and plenty of laughs.

D. It’s special both in its form and the unique experience it offers.

E. For others, it may be to catch up with friends over a period of time.

F. They have been alone for too long a time and thus badly need a trip.

G. You will experience new or familiar destinations with close acquaintances.

【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. G 20. E

【劉凱老師解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了團體旅遊的三點好處。

【16題詳解】根據下文Thus, it is certainly an experience to enjoy.（因此，這當然是一種享受的體驗。）可知上文對團體旅遊是一種支持態度，故D選項“它的形式和獨特的體驗都很特別。”符合語境。故選D。

【17題詳解】根據上文Going on holiday with a group of friends is all about having fun, creating memories and trying a new experience with a shared interest to travel.（和一群朋友一起去度假就是為了玩得開心，創造回憶，嘗試一種新的體驗，分享旅行的樂趣。）可知團體旅遊玩的開心意味著講笑話，講精彩的故事，開懷大笑。故選C。

【18題詳解】根據下文It can happen periodically, perhaps once or twice a year.（它可以週期性地發生，也許一年一兩次。）可知團體旅遊它不必是一項持續的活動。故選A。

【19題詳解】根據上文Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip.（選擇一個眾所周知的目的地或一個未知的目的地。這個決定實際上可以為這次旅行的心情打下基礎。）中的destination可對應到G選項“你會和熟悉的人一起經歷新的或熟悉的目的地。”故選G。

【20題詳解】根據上文The purpose of the group trip, for some, may be to escape from the city or their current busy schedules.（對於一些人來說，團體旅行的目的可能是為了逃離城市或他們目前繁忙的日程安排。）中for some可對應到E選項中for others，“對其他人來說，可能是在一段時間內趕上朋友。”符合語境。故選E。

【劉凱老師點睛】七選五做題技巧。做題的時候邊讀邊做。各個問題附近的句子都需要重點閱讀，圈畫一些線索，再從選項中尋找相關的特徵詞用來判斷正確答案。帶入排除法也是一種很好的方法。另外，如果發現有一題拿不準的，先跳過，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點和主旨、各個段落之間的邏輯關係應該基本就能清楚了。然後再回過去做之前不確定的題目。如第四小題，根據上文Choose a popularly known destination or an unknown destination. This decision can actually set the foundation for the mood of the trip.（選擇一個眾所周知的目的地或一個未知的目的地。這個決定實際上可以為這次旅行的心情打下基礎。）中的destination可對應到G選項“你會和熟悉的人一起經歷新的或熟悉的目的地。”故選G。

密卷八

根據短文內容,從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中的兩項為多餘選項。請將該題答案轉塗到答題卡71—75對應位置，16—20不再填塗。

Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. ___16___

Body image is a person’s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look. You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections. ____17___Here are some ideas.

Recognize your strengths.

Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well? Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing, or acting. ____18___.

Exercise regularly.

Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (體形)don’t just happen. ___19____ A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week. Working out can also lift your spirits.

Respect your body.

Practicing good habits-regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin; wearing clean clothes, and so on—can help you build a positive body image.

____20____

Your body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy, a quick wit (智慧), and all the other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over.

A. Be yourself.

B. Just explore talents that you feel good about.

C. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.

D. Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at.

E. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.

F. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.

G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?

七選五參考答案：CGBFA

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多餘選項。

Whether you're a child, teenager, young adult or are middle-aged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development. 36 No matter your age, there are 5 ways to show respect.

● Respect their belongings.

One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewelry or other valuable things. For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent's belongings is a violation（侵犯）of personal boundaries. 37 And never borrow things without asking first.

● Punctuality.

38 Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew（宵禁）. Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you're going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.

●39

Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honor your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don't expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated. A phone call from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.

● Be kind.

Kind words and affection are simple ways to show respect. Tell your parents you love them. Listen and allow your parents to speak without interruption. Show a sincere interest in what your parents have to say. Be patient with your parents and don't rush them. Never talk back or be rude or disrespectful. Acknowledge your parents' achievements. 40

A．Be a good listener.

B．Celebrate with them.

C．Lateness indicates a lack of respect.

D．Treat your parents the way you would like to be treated.

E. And they love you unconditionally throughout your life.

F. Being respectful helps build positive relationships with others.

G. Don't take advantage of your parents' kindness and generosity.

參考答案：36-40 EGCBD

高考英語語法填空主要考查學生在英語詞彙、語法，甚至是句法上的運用能力，能更科學地反映學生的英語綜合水平。

北京2019年也將加入這一考察隊伍。

考生們不要怕，只要有紮實的英語基礎知識並輔之以相應的解題技巧，就能拿到高分。

今天這11條解題技巧，囊括了高考英語語法填空題的大部分考查方向。祝大家高考大捷！

高考語法填空破解11招

歷年考點

高考語法填空題考查過的考點有：時態和語態、非謂語動詞、助動詞、形容詞、副詞、名詞、冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞、連接詞、關係詞、祈使句。

這些考點共涉及到《英語課程標準》中的19個語法項目，暫時在高考中沒有考到的語法項目有：數詞、省略、倒裝、強調、虛擬語氣。另外，動詞中的情態動詞以及除一般現在時、一般過去時和現在完成時外的時態目前均沒有在高考中考查過。

11招解題技巧

本題型分兩種情況：一種為有提示詞，一種為無提示詞。今天給大家分享11個破解語法填空的實用技巧，助你高考英語語法填空輕鬆拿高分！

有提示詞題型

這種考查形式主要考查詞性轉換、名詞單複數變化、形容詞或副詞的比較級與最高級變化、動詞的時態和語態（含主謂一致）以及動詞的非謂語形式。這類題同樣需先判斷設空處在句中的功能，其次再確定該用什麼形式。

1

提示詞是動詞

動詞的變化是語法填空題考查的重點之一。提示詞為動詞時可能考查謂語動詞、非謂語動詞或名詞等。

a. 考查謂語動詞時需考慮時態、語態、主謂一致等。如：

Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ...

解析：此處描述的是1863年倫敦地鐵的情況，主語Steam engines是複數，且是謂語動詞use所表示動作的承受者，故填were used。

b. 考查非謂語動詞時需考慮用動詞-ing形式、過去分詞還是不定式，同時還要考慮非謂語動詞的時態和語態。如：

【例1】My ambassadorial duties will include ________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre ...

解析：設空處作賓語，且表示多次重複發生的動作，故填introducing。

【例2】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ________ (create) special designs.

解析：workers與create之間是邏輯上的主謂關係，且此處表目的，故填to create。

c. 考查名詞時需注意名詞的數。如：

Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best ________ (perform) to this day.

解析：由the Great Jason's best可知設空處應填名詞且意為“表演”，再根據that show remains可知應用單數形式，故填performance。

2

提示詞是形容詞

此時可能考查提示詞的反義詞、副詞、比較等級或名詞等。

a. 考查提示詞的反義詞時需根據文章邏輯判斷。如：

A person's weight is private, and making comments about it is definitely considered ________ (polite).

解析：由private（私密的）可知，評論別人的體重被認為是不禮貌的，故填impolite。

The title will be ________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.

解析：設空處修飾謂語動詞，故填副詞officially。

c. 考查比較等級時，應考慮用比較級還是最高級。如：

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (識別) those of ________ (great) and less importance.

解析：and連接並列成分，由and後的less可知應填great的比較級greater。此處意為“識別較重要的和不太重要的”。

d. 考查名詞時，需注意名詞的數。如：

In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.

解析：設空處意為“能力”，即不用電器就能調節室溫的這一種能力，故填ability。

3

提示詞是副詞

此時可能考查比較等級或其反義形式。如：

【例1】We've been describing New Zealand as a rock star in the sense that it has been doing ________ (well) than almost all of the other developed world economies over the past couple of years.

解析：由than可知此處需填比較級，且此處意為“做得更好”，故填well的比較級better。

【例2】He was well hidden, but at last he was ________ (luckily) found.

解析：由well hidden和but可知，此處意為“不幸地被發現了”，故填unluckily。

4

提示詞是名詞

此時可能考查名詞的數或形容詞。如：

a. 名詞的數通常需要根據主語、謂語、定語等來判斷。如：

【例1】This trend ... has had some unintended side ________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

解析：由some及overweight and heart disease可知，“這個趨勢有一些沒有預料到的負作用”，故填effect的複數形式effects。

解析：由形容詞terrible和括號中的crowd可知，此處應填名詞，意為“人群”；作此義項講時crowd是可數名詞，再結合句意可知應填其複數形式crowds。

b. 形容詞通常作定語或表語。如：

As ________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ...

解析：設空處作定語修飾名詞architects，故填natural（天生的）。

無提示詞題型

這種形式考查的內容主要是冠詞、介詞、助動詞、連詞、關係詞和固定結構等。因為沒有提示詞，所以考生需要根據一些固定結構、短文大意、上下文的邏輯關係及對一些長難句結構的分析來確定所填內容。

5

考查冠詞

主要考查冠詞的基本用法及短語中的冠詞。如：

The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects.

解析：短語one ... the other ...意為“一個……另一個……”，符合題意，故填the。

6

考查介詞

主要考查介詞的基本用法及短語中的介詞。如：

Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets ________ the hotel to the opera hall.

解析：此處意為“從……到……”，故填from。

7

考查助動詞

需要找出所缺成分並考慮時態。如：

Then the driver stood up and asked, “________ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”

解析：由asked和問號可知引號中內容是個疑問句，同時分析句子結構可知設空處需填助動詞，再由句中的last stop可知句中的謂語應用一般過去時，故填Did。

8

考查連詞

包括並列連詞和從屬連詞。如：

I made my way backstage just ________ the great magician was putting on his top hat.

解析：設空處引導狀語從句，且此處意為“正當……時”，故填as / when。

9

考查連接詞

包括連接代詞和連接副詞。如：

It's amazing ________ often people say “If I can help just one ...”.

解析：設空處引導主語從句，且修飾often，故填how。

10

考查關係詞

關鍵在於分析句子結構並找出先行詞。如：

... the ring ... was spread over the garden, ________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生長) through it.

解析：設空處引導非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞garden，且在從句中作地點狀語，故填where。

11

考查固定結構

包括固定短語和句型。如：

Pahlsson screamed ________ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.

解析：分析句子結構可知，此處考查so ... that ... 句型，意為“如此……以致於……”。so修飾副詞loudly。

1．（2017新課標Ⅰ）

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt． This trend, which was started by the medical community（醫學界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight．

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet． They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions． When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something． As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing． Even

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food． However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes． Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health．

2．（2017新課標Ⅱ）

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London． It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 word． It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method． This included digging up the road， 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top． When all those had been done， the road surface was replaced．

Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise． However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using 67 every day．

Later，engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道），which became known to the tube． This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts． The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900． It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public．

3．（2017新課標Ⅲ）

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life． Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course． But unlike school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York．

Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year． Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate)．

She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture．

Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now． But at the moment, school 69 (come) first． I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling． It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal． I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more． "

劉凱老師介紹：

劉凱，男，蒙古族，黑龍江省齊齊哈爾人。本科為哈爾濱師範大學英語系，碩士為北京理工大學。美國亞利桑那大學訪問學者，澳大利亞新蘭威爾士大學ESL研修。2018年加州理工學院語言學雙學位獲得者。

北京市優秀青年教師，北京市級重點高中示範校骨幹教師，多年高中一線執教經驗，高三年級把關教師，多次參與東城區模擬試題命題工作，教學理念先進，教學成果突出，多篇教學論文獲市區級獎項。

教育部課題研究員，參與國家十二五課題計劃，並作出突出貢獻，參與初中、高中各年級區級試題的命制，多次承擔區級和市級研究課任務。

北京市科技英語優秀指導教師，所帶學生在各級英語口語、作文競賽中多次獲獎；劉凱老師將紮實的英語基本功和嚴謹的學術思想作為教學的基礎，課堂上善於寓教於樂，信息量大，內容豐富，使學生在和諧的課堂氣氛下欣賞英語、享受英語、掌握英語、運用英語。

曾多次參加高考閱卷工作，參與人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各類高考教學用書的編寫工作，有豐富的備考經驗，國際核心期刊發表多篇論文。

2009-2012年期間，多次受邀在北京廣播電臺主持英語高考大綱解析及英語新課程改革節目，學術功底深厚，兼具偶像派與實力派特點，教風親切灑脫，詼諧幽默，思維開闊，屢有奇思妙想，善於引導學生學以致用，對高考動向把握極其準確，深受學生和家長歡迎。尤其擅長英語語法和單詞記憶法。

海外生活學習十年，社科人文類學科偏愛者；10年雅思教齡，多家知名機構教師培訓師；

指導上萬考生快速衝刺雅思寫作、閱讀，平均分數7.5分；獨創“段落清空”、極簡化“針對檢索式”閱讀法等眾多高效技法；

每年雅思考試均在10次以上；均分8+；真題回憶準確度97%以上；貼近西式思路和語言指導學生寫作；善於幫助學生突破學術寫作思維瓶頸。

講授科目有長難句、翻譯、四六級考試、閱讀和寫作；在2014、2015、2016、2017四年考研中，接受其培訓的所有考生中有近萬名考生取得高分。

資深考研培訓講師；

英語四六級考試天團高級講師；

雅思閱讀、雅思寫作培訓主講名師；

六級考試閱卷組成員；

深諳命題規律和解題套路，對英語的學習規律和方法見解獨特。

帶給學生的不只是考分的提高，更多的是對英語領悟和感知的突破。純正的英音、獨到的見解、睿智的思維和輕鬆幽默的語言，為其贏得了廣大學生的認同和喜愛。

【參考答案】

1．（2017新課標Ⅰ）

61． As 分析句子結構可知，此處在句中作狀語，表示“作為一種抵禦心臟病的方式”，所以填as，意為“作為”。

62． Effects 考查名詞複數。這種趨勢產生了一些意想不到的副作用。根據空前的“some”及空後的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此處指不止一種副作用，故用名詞複數形式effects。

63． to process 考查非謂語動詞。 be required to do sth.為固定用法。

64． are removed 考查時態和語態。本文的主體時態為一般現在時，此處亦應用一般現在時；又fat and salt是動詞remove的承受者，應用被動語態。所以此處填are removed。

65． a 考查冠詞。as a result為固定搭配，意為“結果”。

66． worse 考查比較級。短語Even worse意為“更糟糕的是”，表示意義的遞進。故用worse。

67． is 考查時態和主謂一致。此處是對客觀情況的描述，應用一般現在時；分析句子結構可知，該句缺少謂語動詞，又因主語為Fast food． 故填is。

68． eating考查非謂語動詞。介詞by後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故填eating。

69． careful考查形容詞。此處為形容詞作表語，故填careful“當心的”構成系表結構。

70． which考查關係代詞。分析句子結構可知，此處為非限制性定語從句，空處指代前句的內容，且在從句中作主語，故填關係代詞which。

2． （2017新課標Ⅱ）

61． crowds考查名詞複數。因為crowd為可數名詞，並且其前沒有限定詞，所以此處用其複數形式。

62． from考查介詞。此處是指“當他們來回上下班時”。

63． laying考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，該句的主語為This，謂語動詞included後由and連接了三個動名詞短語作賓語。故填laying。

64． the考查定冠詞。此處指的是在頂端建造一個結實的頂，所以在top前加the。

65． were used 考查動詞時態和語態。因為是介紹1863年的事情，而且Steam engines與use之間為被動關係，故用一般過去時的被動語態。故填were used。

66． fairly考查副詞。副詞修飾形容詞unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。

67． it考查代詞。根據上文的“the railway quickly”可知，此處用it代替the railway。

68． managed考查動詞時態。因為engineers與manage之間為主動關係，而且是發生在過去的事情，所以填managed。

69． introduction考查詞性轉換。由前面的定冠詞the可知，其後應接名詞，故填introduction。

70． successful考查詞性轉換。根據語境並結合空前的the most可知，空處表達最高級意義。故填successful。

3． （2017新課標Ⅲ）

61． resting考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth． 是固定搭配，故填resting。

62． a考查冠詞。該空後面model是可數名詞單數，此處表示“作為一名模特”，故填a。

63． has been told/was told 考查動詞時態和語態。此處動詞tell與Sarah是被動關係，因為第二段在講述父親和Sarah的想法時都是用現在時，因此可以用現在完成時表達過去對現在的影響，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”這件事情發生在過去，故也可填was told。

64． who 考查定語從句。此句Sarah是主語，wants是主句謂語，因此可以判斷此處是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Sarah，從句中缺主語且指人，故填who。

65． to prove考查非謂語動詞。 want to do是固定搭配，故填to prove。

66． education考查詞性轉換。形容詞性物主代詞her後需用educate的名詞形式，故填education。

67． invitations 考查名詞單複數。 invitation是可數名詞，前面有several修飾，要用複數形式，故填invitations。

68． in考查介詞。degree與介詞in搭配，表示在某方面的學位。故填in。

69． comes考查動詞時態。全文均為現在時，且school是第三人稱單數，故填comes 。

70． certainly考查副詞。此處fun是名詞，但空處修飾整個句子，作狀語，故填certainly。

基礎不規則動詞變化一覽（口訣版）

一. AAA型：即原形、過去式和過去分詞三式都相同。

口訣1：（三句口訣任選一種）（10個單詞）

助記口訣①：

助記口訣②：2H（hit, hurt) 花錢(cost) 讓(let) 3S(set,shut,spread) 放(put)（下）讀書(read)（去）切割（cut)

助記口訣③：讓（let）他 放（put）下 砍

AAA型（原形→原形→原形）

原形　過去式　　過去分詞 　漢語意思

cost cost 　　　cost 花費，值

cut 　cut　　　 cut 切，割

hit 　hit 　　　 hit 撞，擊

hurt

let 　let　　　 let 讓

put put 　　　 put 放

read read　　　read 讀

set 　set 　　　 set 安排，安置

shut shut 　　 shut 關閉

spread spread spread 傳播，散佈

注意：read ---read--- read發音分別是：[ri:d]---[red

二. AAB型：即原形和過去式相同

口訣2：打敗天下無敵手，分加en（1個單詞）

原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思

beat beat beaten 打敗

三. ABA型：即動詞的過去分詞與原形相同。

口訣3：跑、來、成為、超越，元音字母變成a（4個單詞）

原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思

become became become 成為

come 　 came 　　 come 來

run ran 　　 run　　 跑

overcome overcame overcome 超越

四. ABB型：即動詞的過去式和過去分詞相同。

口訣4：教書被抓，有a則a,　aught (2個單詞）

原形→aught →aught

原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思

catch caught caught 捉,抓

teach taught taught 教

原形→ought →ought

原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思

bring brought brought 帶來

buy bought bought 買

fight fought fought 打架

think thought thought 思考

口訣6：加速射擊喂牛遇見領導，“過分”後一個元音字母去掉

了。（“過分”指過去式和過去分詞）(5個單詞）

speed(加速）---sped--sped

(speed(加速）---speeded--speeded)

shoot(射擊)---shot--shot

feed（餵養，飼養---fed---fed

meet（遇見）---met---met

lead(帶路，領路--led---led

口訣7：坐下臨時照看（想）吐痰，“過分”i變a。(3個單詞）

sit(坐)---sat---sat,

babysit(代人臨時照顧嬰孩）---babysat---babysat

spit（吐痰）---spat---spat

口訣8：挖刺（粘貼）懸掛，原形中間的元音字母變成u。（3個單詞）

dig（挖）---dug---dug ,

hang（懸掛）---hung---hung,

stick（粘貼，將……刺入）---stuck---stuck

口訣9：①（清潔工）睡覺（時還）保持打掃（的）感覺（卻）睡過頭（eep,eel中間去個e末尾加個t）（5個單詞）

②我覺（feel）得，衛生靠平時保持（keep），睡覺（sleep）時就不要想著掃（sweep）地了，可以睡過頭（oversleep)。

feel(覺)---felt---felt

keep(保存)---kept---kept

sleep（睡）---slept---slept

oversleep（睡過頭）---overslept---overslept

sweep(掃)---

口訣10：①建造借出送花費，“過分”都是原形末尾的d變t。（4個單詞）②我花錢（spend）建造（build）的房子，可以借（lend）給你 ，不能送（send）給你。

build(造)---built---built

lend（借）---lent---lent

send（郵寄，發送）---sent---sent

spend（花費）---spent---spent

口訣11：丟失聞拼寫原形末尾的字母換成t。（3個單詞）

lose（丟失）---lost---lost

smell（嗅）---smelt--smelt

spell(拼寫)---spelt---spelt

口訣12：①夢見著火學習對付意思，“過分”原形後面加個t，夢見著火學習點燃也可以加ed。(6個單詞）②“‘燃燒’（burn）意思是（mean）什麼？” 我沒有學會（learn），我做夢（dream）了，該怎麼對付（deal)

burn(著火)---burnt---burnt,

dream（做夢）---dreamt---

learn(學習)---learnt---learnt,

deal(對付）---dealt---dealt

mean（意思是）---meant---meant

light（點燃）---lighted/---lighted,

light（點燃）---lit/---lit,

口訣13：聽見“過分”直接加個d, 製造是k變d。（2個單詞）

hear(聽見）---heard---heard

make(製造）---

口訣14①放置（產卵）說付錢，ay變成aid。（3個單詞）

②一隻下蛋（lay）的鵝說（say）：“趕快付錢（pay）”。

lay（放，擱）---laid---laid,

pay（付報酬）---paid---paid,

say（說，講）---said---said

口訣15：照耀贏了，i變o，發現i變為ou。(3個單詞）

shine(照耀)---shone---shone

win(贏)---won---won,

find(發現）---found---found

口訣16：①站立理解an變為oo。（2個單詞）②站（stand）著就聽明白（understand）了。

stand(站立/忍受/坐落)---stood---stood,

understand（理解）---understood---understood

sell（賣）---sold---sold

tell(告訴)---told---told

口訣18：得到握住e,o互換，have的ve變為d, leave的ave變為ft。（4個單詞）

get(成為/得到/到達)---got---got

hold（握，抓住）---held---held

have（有/吃/進行）---had---had

leave（離開/遺留/剩下）---left---left

五. ABC型：即原形、過去式和過去分詞各不相同。

口訣19：①游泳喝酒唱歌開始打電話（誰知）下沉了。i---a---u(原形中含有字母i，在過去式中變為a，在過去分詞中變為u。)（6個單詞）②鈴響（ring）後，開始（begin）唱歌（sing），游泳（swim）時，不要喝（drink）太多的水,否則會下沉（sink）的。

begin（開始，著手）---began---begun

drink（喝，飲）---drank---drunk

ring（響鈴/打電話）---

sing（唱歌）---sang---sung

sink（下沉）---sank---sunk

swim（游泳）---swam---swum

口訣20：①長大後畫畫知道扔吹飛，過變ew,分加n(以字母ow或aw結尾的動詞，在過去式中變成ew，過去分詞則在原形後加-n。）（6個單詞）②長（grow）大後，才知道（know）,不要亂扔（throw）亂吹（blow）亂畫（draw）。

blow(颳風)---blew---blown

grow(成長/種植)---grew

know（知道）---knew---known

throw（投）---threw---thrown

draw（繪畫）---drew---drawn

fly(飛)---flew---flown

注意：飛

口訣21：生育穿戴，ear過變ore,分變orn(原形-ear，過去式-ore，過去分詞-orn。)(2個單詞）

bear（生育）---bore---born

wear（穿）---wore---worn

口訣22：偷盜醒來結冰打破選擇說忘記，過去元音變成o,偷盜打破說未成還要e尾隨，分詞“過”後加n。（7個單詞）

break（打破）---broke---broken,

choose（選擇）---chose---chosen,

freeze（結冰）---froze---frozen,

speak(說)---spoke---spoken,

forget(忘記)---forgot---forgotten

steal（偷盜）---stole---stolen,

wake(醒來)---woke---woken,

注意：忘記分詞要雙寫t

口訣23：升起駕駛騎車寫字,過i變o（眼睜大），分加en, 注意騎車寫字雙寫輔音（d和t)。（4個單詞）

rise(升起/出現)---rose----risen

drive（駕駛/驅趕）---drove---driven

ride(騎)---rode

write(寫)---wrote---written

口訣24：規則的撒謊，不規則的躺，躺下就下蛋，下蛋不規則。（3個單詞）

lie（躺/平放/位於）---lay---lain,

lie (撒謊、說謊)---lied ---lied

lay (放置，產卵，下蛋)---laid ---laid

口訣25：是給吃看見落下，隱藏弄錯搖動拿，分詞結尾是en。(9個單詞）

be(是)---was/were---been

give（給）---gave---given

eat(吃)---ate---eaten

see（看見）---saw---seen

fall(落下)---fell---fallen

hide(隱藏)---hid---hidden

mistake（弄錯）---mistook---mistaken

shake（搖動）---shook---shaken

take(拿)---took---taken

口訣26：其他變化形式（3個）

do, did, done, go, went, gone, 我們常常見；show,showed,shown展示看

do（做/幹）---did---done

go（去/到達）---went---gone

show(出示)---showed---shown

六. 沒有過去分詞的動詞(情態動詞）（4個單詞）

口訣27：can（能/可能）---could, may（可以/可能）---might

shall(將/會)---should, will(將/願意)---would

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