環境說明：
- 系統：Windows10
- 開發工具：Pycharm
- Python版本：3.5
1. 創建Django基礎工程
直接使用Pycharm創建，當然你也可能使用命令行方式來創建Django工程，如圖正常在瀏覽器裡面能運行起來說明工程創建成功
創建工程
運行測試
運行正常
2. 給虛擬環境安裝django自帶驗證碼插件包
- 安裝方法如下
<code># pip install django-simple-captcha (0.5.12)/<code>
- 不過在Windows下可以直接使用Pycharm來安裝
3. 核心代碼
- 添加驗證碼App，文件Demo/settings.py
<code>INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app.apps.AppConfig', 'captcha' ] # 需要屏蔽csrf，會影響post請求 MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ]/<code>
- 添加路由，Demo\urls.py
<code>from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from app.views import refresh_captcha, Check
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
# Django驗證碼插件註冊，不能刪除
url(r'^captcha', include('captcha.urls')),
# 獲取驗證碼或者刷新驗證碼接口
url(r'^refresh_captcha$', refresh_captcha),
# 校驗驗證碼是否正確
url(r'^check_captcha$', Check.as_view()),
]/<code>- 在app裡面新建service.py，添加下面核心代碼
<code>from captcha.helpers import captcha_image_url
from captcha.models import CaptchaStore
from django.utils import timezone
def captcha():
"""
創建驗證碼
:return:
"""
hash_key = CaptchaStore.generate_key() # 驗證碼答案
image_url = captcha_image_url(hash_key) # 驗證碼地址
return {'hash_key': hash_key, 'image_url': image_url}
def check_captcha(captcha_str, captcha_hash_key):
"""
驗證驗證碼
:param captcha_str:
:param captcha_hash_key:
:return:
"""
if captcha_str and captcha_hash_key:
try:
# 獲取根據hashkey獲取數據庫中的response值
get_captcha = CaptchaStore.objects.get(hashkey=captcha_hash_key)
if get_captcha.response == captcha_str.lower(): # 如果驗證碼匹配
if get_captcha.expiration > timezone.now():
return True, "驗證成功"
else:
return False, "驗證碼過期"
except:
return False, "驗證碼錯誤"
return False, "驗證碼錯誤"
/<code>- 添加視圖，app\views.py
<code>import json
from django.http import HttpResponse, JsonResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.views import View
from app.service import captcha, check_captcha
def refresh_captcha(request):
"""
刷新驗證碼、獲取驗證碼
:param request:
:return:
"""
results = {'status': 0, 'msg': '獲取成功', 'data': captcha()}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(results), content_type='application/json')
class Check(View):
"""驗證碼校驗"""
def post(self, request):
results = {'status': 1, 'msg': '校驗失敗'}
try:
data = json.loads(request.body.decode())
captcha = data['captcha']
hash_key = data['hash_key']
status, msg = check_captcha(captcha, hash_key)
results = {'status': 0 if status else 1, 'msg': msg}
except Exception as error:
print(error)
return JsonResponse(results)
/<code>4. 測試效果
- 使用postman獲取驗證碼
- 查看圖形驗證碼
- 驗證碼校驗，驗證碼提示：驗證碼成功、驗證碼錯誤、驗證碼過期
5. 其他配置
[官網文檔地址] https://django-simple-captcha.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
具體細節閱讀官網文檔內容，模式有好幾種：普通驗證碼校驗、單詞模式、計算模式等
<code>
# Django圖形驗證碼配置
# 字母驗證碼
# 設置 captcha 圖片大小
CAPTCHA_IMAGE_SIZE = (150, 45)
# 字體大小
CAPTCHA_FONT_SIZE = 36
# 字符個數
CAPTCHA_LENGTH = 4
# 超時(minutes)
CAPTCHA_TIMEOUT = 10
# 驗證碼的背景顏色
CAPTCHA_BACKGROUND_COLOR = '#ffffff'
# 字體路徑
CAPTCHA_FONT_PATH = './conf/Phosphate-Inline.ttf'
# 加減乘除驗證碼
# CAPTCHA_OUTPUT_FORMAT = '%(image)s %(text_field)s %(hidden_field)s '
# CAPTCHA_NOISE_FUNCTIONS = ('captcha.helpers.noise_null',
# 'captcha.helpers.noise_arcs', # 線
# 'captcha.helpers.noise_dots', # 點
# )
# CAPTCHA_CHALLENGE_FUNCT = 'captcha.helpers.math_challenge'/<code> 分享到:
