隨著新冠肺炎疫情的擴散，歐洲多國轉變觀念，開始要求民眾在公共場合佩戴口罩。奧地利要求民眾到超市購物時必須戴口罩，成為西歐第一個要求民眾戴口罩的國家。德國耶拿決定效仿奧地利，要求人們在超市和乘坐公共交通工具時戴口罩。
4月1日，在奧地利維也納，佩戴口罩的人們走出超市。（圖片來源：新華社）
奧地利：去超市購物要戴口罩
Austrian supermarkets on Wednesday began handing out basic face masks to largely compliant shoppers before they become compulsory next week, though there remained some confusion about the new measure and uncertainty about its usefulness in fighting the coronavirus.
本週三（4月1日），奧地利的超市開始向顧客發放口罩，大部分人都能遵守要求，下週開始，在進入超市時戴口罩將成為強制要求。不過，仍有人對這項新措施感到困惑，也不確定這是否能有效防禦新冠病毒。
Chancellor Sebastian Kurz said on Monday masks would soon be required in supermarkets and possibly later in public places in general.
奧地利總理塞巴斯蒂安·庫爾茨於本週一（4月1日）稱，很快就會要求民眾去超市時佩戴口罩，今後可能還會要求大家在公共場所佩戴口罩。
"These masks are handed out in front of supermarkets," Kurz said. "It will be compulsory to wear them in supermarkets." He added that the goal was for people to wear them elsewhere in public, as well.
庫爾茨說：“這些口罩在超市門口發放，在超市裡必須戴著。”他補充說，目標是讓人們在其他公共場合也佩戴口罩。
The masks are below medical grade, but Kurz said the new mandate would hopefully help slow the rate of infection.
這些口罩沒有達到醫用級別，但庫爾茨表示，新規定有望幫助降低感染率。
"I am fully aware that masks are alien to our culture," he said. "This will require a big adjustment."
他說：“我很清楚，口罩與我們的文化格格不入。這需要人們轉變觀念。”
Neighboring Slovakia and the Czech Republic, which have far fewer cases, have introduced a more sweeping measure, making face masks compulsory outside the home. Support for wearing masks in public appears to be rising across Europe.
奧地利的鄰國斯洛伐克和捷克共和國的新冠肺炎確診病例要少得多，但兩國已經採取了一項更全面的措施，要求人們出門必須戴口罩。在歐洲，要求在公共場所戴口罩的呼聲越來越高。
“I believe he is right. Yes, Kurz is handling this correctly,” a shopper at a Vienna supermarket who gave only her first name, Martina, said after putting on a free mask.
“我相信他是對的。是的，庫爾茨這樣應對很正確，”維也納一家超市的顧客瑪蒂娜戴上免費口罩後說。
4月1日，在奧地利維也納一家超市門前，人們佩戴口罩出行。（圖片來源：新華社）
Austria borders Italy, one of the world’s hardest-hit countries but moved earlier in its outbreak to shut down schools, bars and other gathering places. Its more than 10,000 cases have yet to overwhelm its health system, but Kurz says that could happen in two weeks. There have been 146 deaths so far.
奧地利與意大利接壤，意大利是世界上受新冠肺炎疫情影響最嚴重的國家之一，但在疫情暴發初期，意大利就關閉了學校、酒吧和其他聚集場所。奧地利新冠肺炎確診病例已超1萬例，醫療系統仍在正常運行。但是庫爾茲說，醫療系統可能在兩週內崩潰。奧地利的新冠肺炎死亡病例有146例。
Kurz says the aim is to prevent the wearer coughing or sneezing on others and infecting them. The measure has been widely supported. The head of the opposition Social Democrats said masks should also be compulsory on public transport.
庫爾茨說，要求戴口罩是為了防止人們朝著他人咳嗽或打噴嚏並感染他人。這項措施得到了廣泛支持。反對黨社會民主黨領袖表示，人們乘坐公共交通工具時也應該強制戴口罩。
Masks will be compulsory in supermarkets and drug stores of more than 400 square meters as of Monday.
從下週一（4月6日）開始，奧地利超過400平方米的超市和藥店將強制要求顧客佩戴口罩。
德國首都柏林空曠的街道。（圖片來源：新華社）
德國耶拿宣佈“口罩強制令”
Shortly after Kurz's announcement, Germany signaled that it too might ask citizens to wear face masks in public once the country's lockdown measures are eased.
庫爾茨宣佈這一措施後不久，德國就表示，一旦封鎖措施放鬆，或將同樣要求民眾在公共場合戴口罩。
Hanno Kautz, a spokesman for the German health ministry, was asked Monday at a regular news conference whether Germany was considering following Austria in requiring shoppers to wear non-medical face masks in supermarkets. Kautz responded that doing so could help protect others from contracting the illness if the person wearing the mask was infected.
德國衛生部發言人漢諾·考茨基本週一（3月30日）在例行新聞發佈會上被問及，德國是否正在考慮效仿奧地利，要求人們在超市購物時佩戴非醫用口罩。考茨基回應說，如果戴口罩的人患病，這樣做可以保護其他人不受感染。
The city of Jena in eastern Germany has decided to make people wear face masks when shopping or traveling on public transport, stepping up efforts to curb coronavirus contagion and becoming the first city in the country to introduce the measure.
德國東部城市耶拿決定讓人們在購物或乘坐公共交通工具時戴上口罩，加大力度遏制新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延，成為該國首個實施這一措施的城市。
contagion[kənˈteɪdʒən]：n.傳染病；蔓延；觸染
Jena, which has 119 coronavirus infections and an overall population of about 110,000, decided to follow the example of Austria.
耶拿總人口約為11萬，新冠肺炎確診病例有119例。該市決定效仿奧地利的做法。
“In a week’s time, wearing mouth and nose protection in shops in Jena, on public transport and buildings with public traffic will be compulsory,” Jena City Hall said in a statement.
耶拿市政廳在一份聲明中說：“一週後，人們在耶拿的商店、公共交通和公共建築內都必須戴口罩。”
Given shortages of protective masks, the city in the state of Thuringia said towels or scarves wrapped over peoples’ mouths and noses would be acceptable, and it encouraged individuals to sew their own.
由於防護口罩緊缺，位於圖林根州的耶拿表示，人們也可以用毛巾或圍巾裹住口鼻，並鼓勵人們自己縫製口罩。
本文轉自：中國日報網英語點津
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