Let's talk about a problem you might have when listening to English,especially when watching a movie.
我们来谈谈你在听英语时可能遇到的问题吧,尤其是在看电影的时候。
You don't understand what you hear.
你不明白听到的内容。
And this is not because you don't know the vocabulary.
这不是因为你不懂词汇。
If you read the transcript or the subtitles,you will understand the material just fine.
如果你看着文字记录或者字幕的话,你就能很好的理解这个材料。
So you already know thewords being used。
所以你已经知道了这些所应用到的单词。
You just don't recognize them when listening.
你只是听辨它们。
So what should you do?
那你该怎么办?
According to many research studies an effective way to deal with this problem is to practice listening
through easy-to-hard training
根据许多研究,解决这个问题的有效方法.
In one study, participants were trained to perform a task related to hearing.
在一项研究中,参与者被训练完成一项与听力有关的任务
And there were three levels of difficulty:easy,normal,and difficult.
三个难度级别:简单,正常和困难。
The participants were divided into two groups. The first group was trained to perform only the difficult
version of that task.
参与者被分成两组,第一组只训练困难版。
The second group, however, started with the easy and normalversions first before performing the difficult version.
而第二组,先训练简单版和普通版,再训练困难版
The researchers wanted to know which group would perform the difficult version better.
研究人员希望知道哪个群体能够更好地完成困难的版本。
So what was the result?
所以结果如何呢?
Well,despite having less training with the difficult version, the second group actually performed better.
那么,尽管笫二次训练困准版的的次数更少,但他们的表现却更好。
Practically speaking, this finding suggests that if you have difficulty doing something,
实际上,这个研究表明了,当你在做某事有困难的时候
instead of just keep doing that,it's more effective to start with something easy.
与其一直迎难而上,还不如从简单一点事情的入手,反而更有效
and then slowly increase the difficulty as you improve.
然后随着你的进步慢慢增加难度。
So how can you apply this knowledge to improve your listening.
那么如何运用这些知识来提高听力呢?
I'll tell you. First you have to make it easy in the beginning.
我来告诉你,首先,你必须在刚入门的时候选择比较简单的素材。
For example, if you listen to podcastsin English on your smartphone,
例如,如果你在手机上听英文播客的话,
find an app that lets you change playback speed, so that you can slow down or speed up what you're
listening to.
找一个能调整回放速度的应用程序,以便你能放慢或者加快听力材料的速度。
If you listen on your computer,there are programs that can do that as well.
如果你是在电脑上听的,同样也有类似的程序可以做到类似的功能。
Then,whenever you have trouble understanding,use the app to slow down the audio like this.
然后,只要您无法理解,请使用该应用程序的功能来减慢音频速度,如下所示。
I told my mom I was going to win the firstplace.
我告诉我妈妈我将会赢得第一名。(1.0倍速)
And she just laugh at me.
然而她只是嘲笑了我。(10倍速)
To be honest , she had no real reason to believe me.
说句实话,还真的没有什么真正能让她信服的理由。(1.0倍速)
Because I wasn't a particularly great speller.
因为我并不是拼写方面的专家。(0.8倍速)
And I hadn't even placed in the previous years contest.
而且我也没有参加过往届的比赛。(0.8倍速)
But for some reason , I was so sure of myself. So I said,"OK, mom..."
但是出于某种原因,我有一种迷之自信,所以我就说:“好的,妈妈……(0.8倍速)
So now it gets easier,right?You have more time to think.
所以现在是不是变得容易了呢?你有更多时间思考。
You have more time to make out words that aren't pronounced clearly.
你有更多的时间弄清楚发音不清晰的单词,
You have more time to guess the meanings of new words and phrases.
你有更多的时间来猜测新单词和新短语的意思。
The idea here is to make it easy in the beginning.
这个想法的要点就是在刚入门的时候尽量简单。
Listen at slower speeds. Listen to speakers that are easy to understand.
听慢速的材料,或者听那些更容易懂的材料。
Listen to easy stuff like podcasts and interviews as opposed to movies. Start small.
听一些简单的内容,比如播客和访谈,而不是电影,先从简单的做起。
But you're not done yet.Easy-to-hard training requires you to go from easy to difficult.
但这并不意味着你就完成了,由易入难的训练要求你必须逐渐提升难度。
So once your listening skills improve,you have to gradually increase the difficulty.
所以一旦你的听力技巧提高了,你就必须逐渐增加难度。
For example, if you're listening to a speaker that speaks slowly and you can understand everything,
例如,如果您所聆听的是一个说话很慢演讲者,并且他讲的所有东西你都能听懂的话。
instead of listening at the normal speed, speed it up , like this.
不要以正常的速度听,而是要像这样加快速度。
You think about... image you're going to a party.
你可以想象一下。想象一下你要去参加一个派对(1.0倍速)
OK,you go to a party, and you meet some people you never met before.
好吧,你去参加一个聚会,你遇到了一些你从没见过的人。(1.0倍速)
And at that party, you get a certain feeling of each person you connecting with.
然后在这个派对上,你对每一个与你有联系的人都有一种明显的感觉。
She's go, okay, over here, here is a one man who's like very out going and fun, loving and,
她就这样觉得:这里有一个十分外向、风趣、可爱的男子,而且,(1.4倍速)。
Oh,yeah,love connected with her. She's...seems like.
哦,对,喜欢和她联系,她…看起来(1.4倍速)。
Now,after you speed it up,you must still be able to understand the content.
那么,在你加快速度之后,你必须仍能够理解这些内容。
But you should feel a little uncomfortable.
但是你可能感觉有一点吃力。
This will help you become more familiar with listening to fast speakers.
这将有助于你能更加熟练的聆听那些说话快的人。
The idea here is to keep pushing yourself.
这个方法的要点就是不断给自己施压。
If you keep listening to something easy,your listening skills will stop improving.
如果你一直听简单的素材,你的听力技巧将停滞不前。
So you have to keep challenging yourself.
所以你必须持续挑战自己。
So listen at faster speeds.Also, don't keep listening to the same person.
所以用更快的速度来听,另外,不要总是听同一个。
Listen to different people with different speaking styles.
听不同说话方式的人说话。
And then...start watching movies without subtitles.
然后……尝试开始看没有字幕的电影。
If it's still difficult, you can slow down the movie by 5% or 10%,or you can slow it down even more, if
you don't mind the slowness.
如果还是很难,你可以把电影的速度放慢5%或10%,或者如果你不介意的话,你可以让它更慢。
Once you get used to it,you can then start watch movies at normal speed.
只要你适应了,你就可以开始用正常的速度观看电影了。
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