明代青花瓷
(1368-1644)
明代初年景德鎮設立官窯。自永樂,宣德始,官窯的燒造規模不斷擴大。青花品質精良,造型既有傳承也有創新,同時還受到伊斯蘭文化的影響,部分瓷器頗有異域風格。而民窯青花呈現出自由豪放,潑辣清新的製作風格,將當時民間的審美情趣表現的淋漓盡致。有明一代,青花瓷的最大特點是:隨著不同時期鈷料的變化,亦形成了青花瓷器的多種風格。
明洪武 青花雲龍紋盤
Blue-and-white plate with dragon in clouds design
Hongwu Reign (1368-1398), Ming Dynasty
明永樂 青花葡萄紋盤
Blue-and-white plate with grapes design
Yongle Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
明永樂 青花蓮瓣紋雞心碗
Blue-and-white Jixin (chicken-heart featured) bowl with lotus petals design
Yongle Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
明永樂 青花花卉紋魚簍尊
Blue-and-white creel-shaped zun vase with floral design
Yongle Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
明永樂 青花纏枝蓮紋執壺
Blue-and-white flask with interlocking lotus sprays design
Yongle Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
明永樂 青花龍紋扁壺
Blue-and-white flask with dragon design
Yongle Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
明 宣德款青花纏枝花紋碗
Blue-and-white with interlocking flower design
with the imperial mark of Xuande Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
明 宣德款青花牽牛花紋獸耳倭角方瓶
Blue-and-white square vase with animal-shaped lugs and moming-glory design, with the imperial mark of Xuande Reign (1403-1424), Ming Dynasty
唇口微侈,直頸,兩側貼塑獸耳,方形腹的每個直角均斜削成45度,使之變為八稜錘形,圈足外撇。通體青花牽牛花紋,底部青花書“大明宣德年制“楷書款。
明 宣德款青花纏枝蓮紋臥足碗
Blue-and-white concave-foot bowl with interlocking lotus sprays design.
With the imperial mark of Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
明 宣德款青花魚藻紋洗
Blue-and-white Brush Washer with Fish and Algae Design
With the Imperial Mark of Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
明宣德 青花花卉紋梅瓶
Blue-and-white Plum Vase with Floral Design
Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
明 宣德款青花雲龍紋缽
Blue-and-white Bo (food vessel) with Dragon in Clouds Design With the Imperial Mark of Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
此造型近似半圓體,器壁較厚,平唇平底,底部無釉。腹部主題紋飾為兩條兇猛的蒼龍游嬉在雲間。缽內心青花雙圈線書“大明宣德年制”六字款。畫面青花濃豔深沉,畫意豪放生動,是宣德青花典型代表作品。
明宣德 青花把蓮紋盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Lotus Leaf, Flower and Seedpod Design
Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
明 宣德款青花雙獅紋盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Double Lions Design
With the Imperial Mark of Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
明宣德 青花纏枝花紋折沿盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Foliated Edge and Interlocking Flower Design,Xuande Reign (1426 1435), Ming Dynasty
明宣德 青花纏枝牡丹紋盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Interlocking Peony Sprays Design
Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
明宣德 青花梵文螭耳爐
Blue-and-white Censer with Chi-dragon Shaped Lugs and Sanskrit Words Design, Xuande Reign (1426-1435), Ming Dynasty
此爐造型別致,爐身兩側各飾一隻螭虎,作向上攀爬狀,姿態活潑,栩栩如生。腹部主體紋飾呈“V”字開光,開光內錢紋鋪地,其中寫有梵文字。經查證,此字音哞,是梵文藍查體。藍查體為密宗信奉的印度佛教文字體,此字代表阿輇佛。而阿輇佛則是金剛界五智如來的東方如來。
明代正統一天順青花
(公元1436年一1464年)
正統、景泰、天順三朝正值朝野動盪,干戈不息。這段時期,瓷器的發展史料記錄模糊、空白,故用“空白期”稱之。隨著考古資料的發現,人們對空白期瓷器有了新的認識。發現其前期繼承宣德青花瓷器風格,青花髮色較濃豔,佈局較為繁密; 後期則開成化青花瓷之先河,青花髮色淡雅,圖案佈局趨於疏朗。
明正統 青花山水人物圖筆山
Blue-and-white Brush Rack with Landscape and Figure Painting, Zhengtong Reign (1436-1449), Ming Dynasty
筆架呈五峰山形、正面繪一老者安坐於深山之中,遠處雲蒸霧騰,自雲深處隱現一千年古剎,意境深邃,有仙山樓閣之境。背面繪三隻海馬跳躍于波濤之間,筆法寫意,畫風瀟酒活潑。青花髮色深沉,筆觸停頓處多有黑色結晶斑出現,當為進口的“蘇麻離青”料所繪。
明正統 青花麒麟紋罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Kylin Design,
Zhengtong Reign (1436-1449), Ming Dynasty
此罐腹部主體紋飾為天降麒麟,高雲遠山的襯景下,只見兩組麒麟四蹄生風,飛奔而來,雄壯威武,極具氣魄..麒麟腳下的山石、飛蝶、草木簡筆一帶而過,更村托出畫面的動感十足。空白期的紋飾以人物、花卉紋居多,麒麟做主題紋飾的較為少見,因而這件大罐亦屬難得。
明正統 青花人物圖蓋罐
Blue-and-white Covered Jar with Figure Painting
Zhengtong Reign (1436-1449), Ming Dynasty
明正統 青花折枝花卉紋蓋罐
Blue-and-white Covered Jar with Plucked Floral Sprays Design
Zhengtong Reign (1436-1449), Ming Dynasty
明正統 青花人物故事圖罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Figure Painting
Zhengtong Reign (1436-1449), Ming Dynasty
明景泰 青花花卉紋戟耳方瓶
Blue-and-white Square Vase with Ji-shaped Lugs and Floral Design
Jingtai Reign (1450-1456), Ming Dynasty
明天順 青花人物圖罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Figure Painting
Tianshun Reign (1457-1464), Ming Dynasty
明天順 青花人物圖罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Figure Painting
Tianshun Reign (1457-1464), Ming Dynasty
明天順 青花人物圖梅瓶
Blue-and-white Plum Vase with Figure Painting
Tianshun Reign (1457-1464), Ming Dynasty
明代成化一正德青花
(公元1465年-1521年)
成化、弘治、正德時期為青花瓷器平穩發展的階段,成化、弘治青花用料採用國產的平等青料,青花色澤藍中帶灰,呈色淡雅柔和。正德時期青花因使用石子青及回青料,青花色澤也呈現多種面貌,有淡雅者,亦有濃重者。造型豐富,器物紋飾也常見阿拉伯文,為這一時期的時代特點。
明成化 青花麒麟紋罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Kylin Design
Chenghua Reign (1465-1487), Ming Dynasty
明成化 青花僧人像
Blue-and-white Statue of a Monk,
Chenghua Reign (1465-1487). Ming Dynasty
此僧安坐於須彌座上,頭戴蓮花狀僧冠,面目清秀,兩目平視,身著右衽僧衣,肩部披如意式裟披、神情肅穆。器身釉麵肥厚白潤,青花色澤淡雅。成化朝雕塑工藝技巧高超,人物製作尤其精細,但流傳下來的作品不是很多,這件僧人像可使我們領略成化雕塑的風貌。
明成化 青花人物圖三足爐
Blue-and-white Tripod Censer with Figure Painting
Chenghua Reign (1465-1487). Ming Dynasty
明 成化款青花花籃紋碗
Blue-and-white Bowl with Flower Basket Design
With the Imperial Mark of Chenghua Reign (1465-1487), Ming Dynasty
此碗撇口,弧壁,圈足。外壁以青花繪花藍紋,藍內所盛花果形態各異,別具一格,相見處以三腳雲紋隔開。青花色澤淡雅,線條纖麗,畫工精細,筆法酣暢。碗底部青花雙方框內楷書“大明成化年制”兩行六字款。明代景德鎮御窯廠遺址曾出土的大量官窯碎片中,經過拼補後發現一件與此造型、紋飾相同的鬥彩碗說明這應是一件鬥彩漏彩的青花碗。當年工作的疏忽卻給後人留下了獨一無二的稀有標本。故彌足珍貴。
明弘治 青花昭君出塞圖爐
Blue-and-white Censer with a Picture Featuring the Story of Wang Zhaojun Going out of the Frontier
Hongzhi Reign (1488-1505), Ming Dynasty
直口,筒腹,平底,三足。主題紋飾: 一仕女手抱琵琶,兩仕女持物相隨,抬頭觀望,前面一座城樓,上立三員藩將,松雲相間,當表現昭君出塞的故事。
明弘治 青花人物圖夾層碗
Blue-and-white Double-deck bowl with figure painting
Hongzhi Reign (1488-1505), Ming Dynasty
明弘治 青花纏枝蓮紋葫蘆瓶
Blue-and-white Gourd-shaped Vase with Interlocking Lotus Sprays Design
Hongzhi Reign (1488-1505), Ming Dynasty
明弘治 青花人物紋碗
Blue-and-white plate with figure painting,Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
明弘治 青花花卉紋諸葛碗
Blue-and-white double-deck bowl with floral design
Hongzhi Reign (1488-1505), Ming Dynasty
明 正德款青花三雲紋盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Three Clouds Design,
With the Imperial Mark of Zhengde Reign (1506-1521), Ming Dynasty
此盤內底飾青花雙圈線,內繪三朵雲紋,雲腳左飄,呈“品”字形排列。盤外壁繪雙龍游雲,龍的形象是典型明中期畫法,盤底青花“大明正德年制"款。
明正德 青花玄武帝坐像
Blue-and-white statue of emperor Xuanwu
Zhengde Reign (1506-1521). Ming Dynasty
明 正德款青花龍穿花紋盤
Blue-and-white plate with dragon in flowers design
With the imperial mark of Zhengde Reign (1506-1521). Ming Dynasty
明正德 青花嬰戲圖碗
Blue-and-white bowl with a picture of children at play
Zhengde Reign (1506-1521). Ming Dynasty
正德時期瓷器,品種多樣,紋飾纖細秀麗。此碗紋飾構圖疏朗輕柔,碗壁以樹石欄杆為景,繪十六娃娃行樂玩耍,俗稱“十六子碗”,畫面生動,頗有生活氣息。儘管無款,但造型、製作工藝、青花用料均屬正德時典型器。
明 正德款青花阿拉伯文器座
Blue-and-white holder with Arabian words
With the imperial mark of Zhengde Reign (1506-1521), Ming Dynasty
明正德 青花麒麟望月圖盤
Blue-and-white plate with a picture of kylin look at the moon
Zhengde Reign (1506-1521), Ming Dynasty
明正德 鳳穿花紋繡墩
Blue-and-white garden stool with phoenix in flowers design
Zhengde Reign (1506-1521), Ming Dynasty
明正德 青花人物圖葫蘆瓶
Blue-and-white gourd-shaped vase with figure painting,
Zhengde Reign (1506-1521), Ming Dynasty
葫蘆瓶自唐代以來,因其諧音“福祿”,故為民間喜愛,成為傳統器型。這件瓶子紋飾很豐富,上腹口沿處繪回紋,蓮託八寶紋;主題繪雲亭仙境故事,分別有:仙人觀蓮,賞菊,題詩,趕考四個情節;束腰處繪錦紋,下腹部繪“吹簫引鳳”,“攜琴訪友”,“煉丹求道”,“魚龍變化”等內容。此瓶是正德時期民窯精品。
明代嘉靖一萬曆青花
(公元1522年-1620年)
嘉靖青花使用回青料,呈現藍中泛紫的濃重色調。由於皇帝信奉道教,故紋飾中道教題材佔相當比重,另外紋飾上吉祥祈福的內容亦較普遍,如書寫“福”、“壽”字等。隆慶一朝歷時僅六年,從總體風格上看,隆慶青花與嘉靖青花近似。萬曆青花早期亦使用回青料,青花呈色濃豔,中期以後,採用國產石子青料及浙料,呈色藍中泛灰。器型種類豐富,大件器物較多。
明 嘉靖款青花花果紋盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Flower and Fruit Design,
With the Imperial Mark of Jiajing Reign (1522-1566), Ming Dynasty
此盤胎體厚重,器型碩大,青花色澤藍中泛紫,顯然用“回青”鈷料繪畫而成。畫面主題紋飾是鳥棲枝頭,畫風生動活潑,佈局繁而不亂,繪畫技法運用 “鐵線描”,是難得一見的嘉靖官窯大器。
明 嘉靖款青花雲鳳紋盤
Blue-and-white plate with phoenix in clouds design
With the imperial mark of Jiajing Reign (1522-1566). Ming Dynasty
明嘉靖 青花嬰戲圖罐
Blue-and-white jar with a picture of children at play
Jiajing Reign (1522-1566), Ming Dynasty
明 嘉靖款青花雲鶴紋葫蘆瓶
Blue-and-white gourd-shaped vase with cloud and crane design
With the imperial mark of Jiajing Reign (1522-1566), Ming Dynasty
明嘉靖 青花八卦雲鶴紋爐
Blue-and-white Censer with Eight Trigrams and Crane in Clouds Design
Jiajing Reign (1522-1566), Ming Dynasty
明 嘉靖款青花海水八仙人物圖罐
Blue-and-white Jar with a Picture of the Eight Immortals on the Sea
With the Imperial Mark of Jiajing Reign (1522-1566), Ming Dynasty
嘉靖款青花八仙人物圖瓶
Blue-and-white Vase with a Picture of the Eight Immortals
With the Imperial Mark of Jiajing Reign (1522 1566), Ming Dynasty
明嘉靖 青花獸紋葫蘆瓶
Blue-and-white Gourd-shaped Vase with Animal Design
Jiajing Reign (1522-1566), Ming Dynasty
明 隆慶款青花仕女撫嬰圖長方盒
Blue-and-white Rectangular Box with a Picture of a Woman Caressing a Baby,
With the Imperial Mark of Longqing Reign (1567-1572), Ming Dynasty
盒呈長方形,胎體厚重,盒蓋及四面繪仕女撫嬰圖,青花色澤豔麗,藍中泛紫,系進口“回青”料所繪。盒底無釉,中心有一圓形臍,白釉青花楷書“大明隆慶年造“二行六字款。隆慶一朝,僅歷時六年,傳世品稀少,官窯器尤甚。國內藏有的隆慶朝瓷器亦屈指可數,因故這件完整的青花盒更顯珍貴。
明 萬萬款青花八寶小碗
Blue-and-white Bowl with Eight Treasures Design
With the Imperial Mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆上字款青花人物碗
Blue-and-white Bowl with Figure Painting and the Character "Shang"
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆款青花梵文碗
Blue-and-white Bowl with Sanskrit Words
With the Imperial Mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
梵文字,是古印度文字,隨著佛教的傳入而出現在中國。梵文字從永樂宣德時始現於瓷器之上,到成化弘治時有所發展,至萬曆時達到高峰。瓷器上的梵文字可以分為兩大類:一類代表佛尊形象的種子字;一類為密宗的經咒。此碗碗心書“唵啊哞”三字梵文連綴體,碗的內外壁周密密麻麻寫滿了梵文經咒。底書“大明萬曆年制"楷書款。
明萬曆 青花開光四獸紋罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Four Animals Design
Wanli Reign (1573- 1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆款青花松鶴紋罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Pine and Crane Design
With the Imperial Mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆款青花纏枝花紋螭耳觚
Blue-and-white Gu (wine vessel) with Chi-dragon Lugs and Interlocking Flower Design
With the Imperial Mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明萬曆 青花獅戲牡丹紋繡墩
Blue-and-white Garden Stool with Lions Playing in Peonies Design
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆款青花福壽文罐
Blue-and-white Jar with the Characters "Fu" and "Shou" (Fortune and Longevity)
With the Imperial Mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆款青花龍紋筆山
Blue-and-white brush rack with dragon design
With the imperial mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明萬曆 青花松鹿瓷塑
Blue-and-white Ornament of Pine and Deer
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明萬曆 青花花卉紋長方盒
Blue-and-white Rectangular Box with Floral Design
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明萬曆 青花人物圖爐
Blue-and-white Censer with Figure Painting
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明萬曆 青花雲龍紋方爐
Blue-and-white Square Censer with Dragon in Clouds Design
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明萬曆 青花人物圖朝耳爐
Blue-and-white Censer with Two Handles and Figure Painting
Wanli Reign (1573- 1620), Ming Dynasty
明 萬曆款青花壽字文龍鈕蓋罐
Blue-and-white Covered Jar with Dragon-shaped Knob and "Shou' (Longevity) Character Design, with the Imperial Mark of Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
此罐直口,豐肩,鼓腹,頸部內收,圈足。半圓形出沿蓋,蓋紐極別緻,塑造成一條盤曲的巨龍,罐身用青花料書寫各體“壽”字,各個壽字之間用纏枝蓮花相勾串。整個畫面構圖繁密卻不雜亂,反而顯得纏枝連連,壽字翩翩,洋溢著一副吉祥呈瑞的富貴氣派。罐底青花楷書“大明萬曆年制“款。
明萬曆 青花福祿壽字文八稜罐
Blue-and-white Octagonal Jar with the Characters“Fu",“Lu" and“Shou" (Fortune, Rank and Longevity)
Wanli Reign (1573-1620), Ming Dynasty
明代天啟一崇青花
(公元1621年一1644年)
天啟、崇時期官窯瓷器基本不見,代之而起的是民窯器物,紋飾受當時繪畫、木版畫等影響,山水題材較為多見,裝飾風格多樣,完全突破了以往官器物圖案規矩化的束縛。青花呈色藍中泛黑,色澤較淡,給人以全新的感受。
明天啟青花山水圖筆架
Blue-and-white Brush Rack with Landscape Painting
Tianqi Reign(1621-1627), Ming Dynasty
明天啟青花花卉紋出戟方觚
Blue-and-white Square Gu (wine vessel)with Floral Design.
Tiangi Reign(1621-1627), Ming Dynasty
胎體輕薄,釉質潔白,青花呈色淡雅穩定。頸與脛部均繪湖石花卉,腹部繪四季花紋,足上為變形火焰紋。此觚造型紋飾與北京故宮博物院珍藏的“天啟元年米石隱造”款的膏花基本相同,堪稱天啟時期膏花瓷器的代表。
明天啟青花嬰戲圖碗
Blue-and-white Bowl with a Picture of Children at Play
Tianqi Reign(1621-1627), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎青花人物故事圖捲筒
Blue-and-white Vase with Figure Painting
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎青花飼馬圖蓮子罐
Blue-and-white Lotus-seed-shaped Jar with a Picture of Horse Feeding
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎青花文王訪賢圖缸
Blue-and-white Jar with Picture of a Historical Story of Western Zhou Dynasty
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎青花山水人物故事圖筆筒
Blue-and-white Brush Holder with Picture of Landscape and Figures
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎“甲戌春孟趙府造用”款青花龍紋盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Dragon Design
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644) Ming Dynasty
明崇禎雨香齋款青花碗
Blue-and-white Small Bowl with the Inscription of "Yu Xiang Zhai"
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎青花人物故事圖盤
Blue-and-white Plate with Figure Painting
Chongzhen Reign(1628-1644), Ming Dynasty
明崇禎青花花鳥圖觚
Blue-and-white Gu(Wine vessel) with Flower and Bird Design
Chongzhen Reign (1628-1644)Qing Dyasty
唐代一元代青花
(公元618年一1368年 )
唐青花屬於青花器的初創期,揚州為唐代重要港口,唐青花大多出土於此。通過考古發現,對揚州出土瓷片的胎、釉、彩進行研究,並對唐代鞏縣窯的物質和技術條件進行分析,初步斷定唐青花的產地是河南鞏縣窯。青花瓷經過唐代初創期以後,並沒有迅速發展起來,而是走向了衰敗。到了宋代,到目前為止,我們能見到的宋青花只有浙江省龍泉縣的金沙塔塔基和紹興市環翠塔的塔基遺址出土的十餘片瓷片。元代青花瓷走向了成熟,成熟的青花瓷出現在景德鎮。
元 青花纏枝牡丹紋獸耳罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Animal-shaped Lugs and Interlocking Peony Sprays Design
Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)
元 青花纏枝牡丹紋獸耳罐
Blue-and-white Jar with Animal-shaped Lugs and Interlocking Peony Sprays Design
Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)
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