外语教师联盟每周一
“专项语法难题探微”栏目
（可在文末查看往期知识点）
本期第二个知识点
非限定性动词
第十六讲
表示结果的分词短语特点
先请看下面两句：
At the age of three his mother died, leaving him an orphan.
在他三岁的时候,他母亲死了留下他一个孤儿。
He didn't come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work.
他今天没来 因而我们必须找人干他的工作。
这两句中 的分词短语既不是表示时间和原因 也不是表示方式和伴随。从译文中便可看出 它们所表示的显然是结果怎样判断这种表示结果的分词短语呢?它们有些什么特点呢?
A.表示结果的分词短语通常放在句子的后头其前常有一逗号隔开。
例如:
Last year the yield climbed again, reaching 1,200 jin per Mu.
去年产量又提高了 , 每亩达到了 1200 斤。
Car bon burns in oxygen or air, forming carbon dioxide.
碳在氧或空气中燃烧，因而形成了二氧化碳。
Winter in India sets in November and continues until February，permitting the cultivation of wheat.
印度的冬季从11月开始延续至下年的2月,所以可以种小麦。
The wind and rain slowly change the shapes of the mountains creating strange forms that resemble towers, peaks, rounded hills，and sawteeth.
风雨慢慢地改变了山的形状,创造了诸如塔开、尖顶、圆形山丘、锯齿等奇特的样子。
B.表示结果的分词短语前常加 thus 、 thereby , only 之类的副词 。因此,在翻译时常可加"因而”、"于是,"所以”、“便”等词
例如：
A number of new machines were installed in the factory、thus resulting in an increase in production.
这家工厂安裝了许多新机器,因而增加了生产。
When these industries are established in the market area, more workers are employed、thereby adding to its economy.
当这些工业在市场区建立起来时 , 更多的工人被雇用,因此就增强了本地区的经济。
C.这种表示结果的分词短语的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,通常是前边的整个句子,因而,它的作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
例如:
Plant height was highly correlated with maturity, indicating that population with short stems tends to be early in maturity. (=..,which indicated that population with short stems tends to be early in maturity.)
植株的高度与成熟期有密切关系,这说明矮秆群体往往要早熟。
In 1905 the wild Colorado River cut through an outlet and rushed across the fields, forming a lake that became 72 kilometers long. (=...,which formed a lake that became 72 kilo-meters long.)
1905年,汹涌的科罗拉多河决了口,冲过田野,形成了一个72公里长的湖泊。
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