之前我們討論了：

下面討論Second Conditional

When we are thinking about a situation in the present or future that is hypothetical, unlikely or impossible, we use:

當我們考慮一種現在或將來的情況，而這種情況是假設的，不太可能的或絕不可能的，我們使用

If + Past Simple一般過去時, ...Would + Verb動詞

We use a past verb though are imagining the present or the future to be different.

我們使用動詞的過去時態，雖然人們想象著現在或將來是另一番景象。

The second clause of subject + would + verb (conditional verb) is conditional to the first clause happening (or will only happen if the first part/clause happens).

第二個從句的主語 + would + 動詞是以第一個發生的從句為條件的（或者只有在第一個部分／從句發生時才會發生）。

例子:

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.

= It is unlikely that I will win the lottery, but I'm going to hypothetically imagine that I did win.

= 我不太可能會中獎，但是我假設我中了。

In that situation I would travel around the world.

在那種情況下，我會環遊世界。

So in order for me to travel around the world, I would need the first clause (the condition or situation) to happen, that is, for me to win the lottery first.

所以為了能環遊世界，我需要第一個從句（條件或情況）發生，也就是說，我要先中獎。

• If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. (Though I am unlikely to win the lottery)

• If I knew his name, I would tell you.

• If I didn't have a headache, I would go to the party.

• If I became President, I would reduce the salaries of all politicians. (Though it is unlikely I will become President)

Notice how we use a comma after the past tense clause.

注意我在過去時態的從句後用了逗號。

We can also reverse the order and use:

我們也可以顛倒順序：

Conditional verb (would + verb) + If + Past Simple

• I would be happy if I had more free time.

• I would tell you the answer if I knew what it was.

• There would be fewer accidents if everyone drove more carefully.

• We would have a lot of money if we sold our house.

• Would she come if I paid for her flight?

• Would you accept the job if they offered it to you?

• What would you do if you won the lottery?

• What would you do if you saw a U.F.O?

Notice how the comma is not necessary with this word order.

注意在這種單詞語序下，逗號並不必要。

If I were ...

Note that with the verb To Be we use IF + I / HE / SHE / IT + WERE

注意有To Be時，我們使用 IF + I / HE / SHE / IT +

The reason we use WERE instead of WAS is because the sentence is in the Subjunctive mood.

我們使用WERE而不是WAS是因為：這個句子是虛擬時態。

• If I were not in debt, I would quit my job.

• If he were taller, he'd be accepted into the team.

• She would be still be correcting my grammar if she were still alive.

Though in informal English, you will hear some people say If I was... If he was... etc. This usage doesn't sound good though unfortunately is common.

雖然在非正式英語中，我們也會聽到有人說到If I was... If he was... 等。這種使用不對，雖然不幸的是這樣說的人很多。

See our grammar notes about IF I WERE YOU...

看看我們關於IF I WERE YOU的語法小貼示...

Could in Second Conditional sentences

COULD can be used instead of WOULD to make the hypothetical present or future more likely.

Could也可以替代WOULD，相較於WOULD, 使用COULD表示發生的可能性更大一些。

• If he trained every day, he could represent his country

• If I had a little more money, I could buy a car.

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