英语句子结构剖析(45)

1、The novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak has made people realize once again that this is an era in which traditional security and nontraditional security issues are interconnected, and local issues easily become global ones and vice versa.

解析:

1.此句由宾语从句、介词加which引导的定语从句和并列句组成;

2.that引导的从句做realize的宾语;

3.定语从句由in+which引导,相当于when,指代先行词era(in和era搭配);

4.and local issues…与前面的句子为并列句;

5.novel:adj.新颖的;n.小说;

coronavirus:n.冠状病毒 ;

pneumonia:n.肺炎;

outbreak:n.爆发(疾病或战争);

make sb. do sth.:让某人做某事;

era:n.时代,纪元;

security:n.安全;

interconnected:adj.互通的,相互联系的;

local issues:地方性问题;

vice versa:反之亦然。

翻译:

新冠状病毒性肺炎爆发使人们再次意识到:在这个时代,传统安全和非传统安全问题相互联系,地方性问题很容易成为全球性问题,反之亦然。


英语句子结构剖析(45)

2、Millennials will keep looking until they get what they need, which includes: opportunities to learn and grow, a sense of purpose, and high-quality management.

解析:

1.此句是由状语从句,宾语从句和非限制性定语从句组成的复合句;

2.宾语从句由what引导且在从句中做宾语,可译为“…的东西,…的事情等”;

3.定语从句由which引导,指代(what they need);

4.millennials:n.千禧一代;

keep doing:保持做……;

purpose:n.目的;

短语:on purpose:故意地

manage:v.管理,设法;

manage to do:设法做成…

management:n.管理

翻译:

千禧一代会一直寻找,直到找到他们所需要的。比如:学习和成长的机会,目标感和高质量的公司管理。

3、South Korean social satire "Parasite" won the Oscar for best picture on Sunday, making history as the first film not in the English language to win the movie industry's highest honor.

解析:

1.此句中含有非谓语动词知识点,现在分词(making…)做状语,与主语parasite是主动关系且同时发生;

2.satire:n.讽刺;

parasite:n.寄生虫;食客;

best picture:最佳影片;

make history:创造历史.

翻译:

韩国社会讽刺影片《寄生虫》荣获奥斯卡最佳影片,成为获得这一电影届最高荣誉的首部非英语影片,创造了历史。

4、Even if a vaccine is developed and approved, the rapid rise in cases of the Wuhan virus in China and its spead to other countries has created a new urgency: planning ahead for ways to make massive quantities of a vaccine quickly.

解析:

1.此句由让步状语从句构成;(even if...=even though=although=though)

2.主句主语为the rapid rise in cases,因此其谓语动词用has created,而非have created;

3.vaccine:n.疫苗; approve: v.支持;

rapid:adj.快速的; virus:n.病毒;

spead:n.传播,伸展;v.传播,散布,伸展;

urgency:n.紧急;urgent:adj.紧急的;

ahead:adv.向前,领先; 短语:ahead of time:提前;

massive quantities:大量的;

翻译:即便疫苗研制成功并获批使用,中国的新冠病毒病例急速增加并已传播到其他国家,又造成了新的紧急任务:须提前规划快速生产大量疫苗的方法。

5、The other groups trying to come up with a vaccine for the Wuhan virus are using similar methods involving templates that have already been proven to work.

解析:

1.此句中含有非谓语动词和定语从句知识点;

2.非谓语动词短语trying to...做groups的定语,非谓语动词短语involving templates做methods的定语;

3.that引导定语从句,指代先行词templates且在句中做主语;

4.come up with:提出,想出,赶上;

vaccine:n.疫苗; virus:n.病毒;

similar:adj.相似的;短语:be similar to 与......相似;

involve:v.包含,牵涉,使陷于;

短语:be involved in 被卷入......中;涉及到......

template:n.模板

翻译:

其他力图研发出新冠病毒疫苗的团队也在运用类似的方法,使用过往行之有效的模板。

6、Should hasty decisions lead to products that are not completely safe, people's faith in vaccines could be damaged.

解析:

1.此句是由省略if的虚拟语气(should…)加限制性定语从句(that…)组成;

2.其中虚拟语气是与将来事实相反的条件句,省略if,should提前;

3.that引导的定语从句中,that做主语,指代先行词products;

4.hasty:adj.仓促的,匆忙的,草率的

vaccine:n.疫苗

翻译:

如果仓促的决定导致并非完全安全的产品投用,人们对疫苗的信心可能会受损。


英语句子结构剖析(45)

7、China's extraordinary efforts to contain the virus, including quarantining over 50m

people, may stave off epidemics in other countries until next winter.

解析:

1.首句China's…virus为名词短语做主语,including…people为插入语;

2.extraordinary efforts:非同凡响的努力

make efforts to do:努力做……

3.contain:v.包含,控制,抑制

virus:n.病毒

quarantine:v.检疫,隔离

stave off:延缓,避开,延迟

翻译:

中国为遏制病毒传播做出了非同凡响的努力(包括隔离超过5000万人),这也许能阻延疫情在其他国家爆发直至下个冬季。

8、What we know for sure is more and more data will be stored and processed in the cloud.

解析:

1.此句含有主语从句(what…),what在从句中做know的宾语,可译为“我们可确定的事情是……”

2.more and more:越来越多

store:v.储存,储蓄

process:v.处理

翻译:

我们可以确定的是:越来越多的数据将存储到云上,并在云上进行处理。

9、The comparison is not totally fair, as the Alibaba chip was made physically larger than the Intel chip, letting it draw more power and perform more calculations per second.

解析:

1.此句包含原因状语从句(as…),译为“因为……”;

*as的用法和考点很多,可以引导让步状语从句,译为“尽管……”,且句子需要倒装;

*as可以引导条件状语从句,译为“当……”;

*as可以引导定语从句,译为“正如……”;

2.此句中另一个知识点是非谓语动词(letting…),let和主语Alibaba chip是主动关系,因此用let的现在分词形式;

3.chip:n. 芯片,碎片,薯条

physically:adv. 物理上地,身体上地

perform:v.表演,执行

calculation:n. 计算

second:n. 秒

翻译:

这种比较并不完全公平,因为阿里巴巴芯片的物理尺寸要比英特尔的芯片大,这让它的功耗更高,每秒执行更多的计算。


英语句子结构剖析(45)

10、Other recent epidemics have reinforced the impression that economists should not be overly worried,so long as good doctors are on the job.

解析:

1.此句含有同位语从句(that economists…):从句是对impression的补充说明,that 不充当任何成分且不能省略;

PS:同位语从句在第8句有解释.

2.有条件状语从句(so long as…):译为“只要……”

3.reinforce:加强,增强

impression:印象,看法(通常与介词on连用)

on the job:在岗位上

翻译:

近年几次其他流行病的爆发强化了一种认知:只要有好医生在岗位上,经济学家就不应过于担心。


英语句子结构剖析(45)

11、The virus is a powerful reminder that, politics aside , a diversified base of suppliers is a good insurance policy.

解析:

1.此句含有插入语(politics aside),可译为“不考虑政治因素”;

2.同位语从句(that a diversified …)是对reminder 的补充说明,that在从句中不充当任何成分且不能省略,应与定语从句that区分开;

3.reminder: 提醒;diversified:多样的;

insurance:保险,保障

翻译:

此次疫情是一次警钟:就算不考虑政治因素,让供应多元化也是一种明智的保障措施。


英语句子结构剖析(45)

12、The World Bank has estimated that as much as 90% of the economic damage from epidemics stems from people's fear of associating with others, which leads offices and stores to close.

解析:

1.此句含有宾语从句和非限制性定语从句(which … ),这里的which 指代的是逗号前的先行句。

ps:非限制性定语从句常考点:

【1】that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。

【2】除 which外,还可用when,where, whose,who,whom等引导非限制性定语从句,用法及差异与它们用在限制性定语从句时相同。

【3】非限制性定语从句的关系代词 which,既可以指代前面的某个名词,也可以指代前面整个句子的内容。(此句即指代前面整个句子)

2.stem from: 源自……,来源于……

associate with: 和……来往,与……联系

lead to: 导致……

3. estimate:估计,评估

epidemics: 流行病

翻译:

世界银行曾估计,流行病造成的经济损失有90%源自于对人际交往的恐惧,这导致办公楼和商店关闭。

13、The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.

解析:

1.此句含有一个部分倒装句(never once have they …),当一个简单句以否定词开头时,需用半倒装句。(not only,nor/neither,never,hardly…when…,no sooner…than…)

可变成: they have never quarreled with each other once .

2.quarrel with…: 和……吵架

翻译:

这对老夫妇已经结婚40年了,而且从没吵过架。


英语句子结构剖析(45)

14、The WTO cannot live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.

解析:

1.定语从句that is …mankind修饰先行词country;

2.be home to :"……的所在地/某地拥有……"

3.live up to one's home :“名副其实”

翻译:

如果世贸组织没有一个占世界五分之一人口国家加入的话,那么它就不能名副其实。

15、Having suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

解析:

1.此句含有非谓语动词(having suffered…),此动作发生在前,故用having suffered(现在分词的完成时);

2.too…to… : “太……而不能……"

翻译:

这条河已经遭受了很严重的污染,现在想清理已为时太晚。

16、Learning from mistakes, we all make mistakes which are inevitable.

解析:

1.此句含有非谓语动词(learning),与主语we的关系为主动,故用learning;

2.定语从句which are inevitable修饰名词(先行词)mistakes,故be动词用are;

3.make mistake 为固定搭配,“犯错误”。

翻译:

我们每个人都会犯错,要从错误中吸取教训。

17、That you won't be for long means it won't be long before you'll have to recycle your rubbish.

解析:

1.此句中含有主语从句(That you...for long),宾语从句(it won't be long... );

2.means 后省略了that(that引导宾语从句时可省略且不用翻译);

3.主语从句中的that不能省略(一个简单句中不能出现两个谓语动词)。

翻译:

你不会等很长时间意味着过不了多久你就会回收你的垃圾。

18、It is one of many language books that are now flying off booksellers' shelves.

解析:

1.找到引导词,分析所属从句。

1)that 前有具体名词(先行词)language books且在此处从句中充当主语,可推出是定语从句。

2)that 指代language books,翻译时注意翻译顺序:先从句再先行词。

2.句子主干:It is... language books.

3.fly off:飞出(此处为拟人手法),指畅销。

翻译:

它是现在很多畅销外语书中的一种。

19、Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.

词汇:

reclassify 重新分类;flaw 瑕疵,缺点;disorder 混乱,骚乱;akin to 同类,近似

句型结构:

a. 主干:Society(主语) is reclassifying(谓语)...(宾语) as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities(宾补).

reclassify sth as sth 把...重新归类为...

翻译:社会正在把某事重新归类为类似于身体残障的性格失衡。

b. 修饰成分:

Pushed by science, or what claims to be science.

Ved短语做状语;what引导的是宾语从句。

翻译:由于科学或是所谓科学的推动下。

c. Society is reclassifying what (主语)once were considered (谓语)character flaws or moral failing(宾语) as...

What 引导的为宾语从句。

翻译:把曾经被认为的性格缺陷或者道德缺失重新归类为...

组合整句:由于科学或是所谓的科学的推动下,社会正在把曾经被认为的性格缺陷或者道德缺失重新归类为类似于身体残障的性格失衡。

20、New ways of organizing the workplace- all that re-engineering and downsizing- are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.

词汇:workplace 工作场所; re-engineer 重组;downsize 缩小规模;joint investment 联合投资;machinery 机械装置

句型结构:

a. 主干:New ways(主语) of organizing the workplace(of介词短语作后置定语)- all that re-engineering and downsizing (同位语)- are (谓语)only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy(宾语)。

翻译:布置厂房的新方法- 所有的重组,缩小规模- 会影响一个经济体的整个生产力。

b. 修饰成分:

The overall productivity of an economy(定语从句先行词),which(定语从句主语) is driven by (谓语)many other factors (宾语)such as joint investment(同位语) in equipment and machinery,new technology,and investment in education and training(介词短语做后置定语).

总结:Which引导的是定语从句,先行词是经济的整体生产力。

翻译:经济的整体生产力还受到许多其他因素的影响,比如在设备,机械,新技术,以及在教育和培训上的联合投资。

c. 组合整句:

布置厂房的新方法——所有的重组,缩小规模-——会导致一个经济体的整个生产力,而这种生产力还受到许多其他因素的影响,比如在设备,机械,新技术,以及在教育和培训上的联合投资。


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