大量閱讀，擴充內容，強化訓練是快速高效提高高考英語閱讀理解成績的重要方法，也是開展內容篩選，信息記憶，邏輯判斷以及詞彙和語法應用等閱讀策略和技巧的必須過程。大量閱讀應該大到什麼程度？至少要讀上百篇短文，每篇短文應該達到450詞左右。擴充什麼內容？應該廣泛涉獵，尤其是有助於知識擴展和儲備的科普類和常識類的內容。如何強化訓練？應該泛讀和精讀並舉，把每一篇所選的文章讀深讀透，把每一份資料利用至盡，掃蕩生詞，解盡難句，做到文章內容和語言等爛熟於心。下面選取的閱讀材料是關於即將發射升空的新的太陽軌道飛行器行將對太陽的兩極進行觀察和拍攝的新聞報道，和上篇《太陽表面的全新影像（Wild new images of the sun’s surface）》構成姊妹篇，可以為考生提供更為全面的內容和語料。以下是所選文章的詞彙釋義、難句解析和全文翻譯，供有興趣的考生參考。
1. 原文
New Solar Orbiter mission will give an unprecedented look at our sun
This weekend, the Solar Orbiter is expected to launch from Cape Canaveral and begin its journey to get a close, unprecedented look at our star. This is the first mission that will provide images of the sun's north and south poles using a suite of six instruments on board that will capture the spacecraft's view. Having a visual understanding of the sun's poles is important because it can provide more insight about the sun's powerful magnetic field and how it affects Earth.
It will take Solar Orbiter about two years to reach its highly elliptical orbit around the sun. Gravity assists from Earth and Venus will help swing the spacecraft out of the ecliptic plane, or the space that aligns with the sun's equator, so it can study the sun's poles from above and below.
Solar Orbiter is equipped with ten instruments that can capture observations of the sun's corona (which is its atmosphere), the poles and the solar disk. It can also use its variety of instruments to measure the sun's magnetic fields and solar wind, or the energized stream of particles emitted by the sun that reach across our solar system.
The mission will work in tandem with NASA's Parker Solar Probe, which is currently orbiting the sun on a seven-year mission and just completed its fourth close approach of the star. It launched in August 2018 and will eventually come within four million miles of the sun -- the closest a spacecraft has ever flown by our star.
Together, the missions can help unlock the mysteries of the sun and provide more data to researchers than either could accomplish on its own. Parker can sample particles coming off the sun up close, while Solar Orbiter will fly farther back to capture more encompassing observations and provide broader context. At times, the spacecraft will both align to take measurements of the solar wind or magnetic field.
Solar Orbiter also has a seven-year mission and will come within 26 million miles of the sun. It will be able to brave the heat of the sun because it has a custom titanium heat shield coated in calcium phosphate so that it can endure temperatures up to 970 degrees Fahrenheit.
Solar Orbiter's observations of the poles could explain why the sun's magnetic field changes, alternating over an 11-year period. When the magnetic field is active, it produces dark sunspots on the sun's surface, and then there are calmer periods with less activity. The observations could also lead to better predictions of space weather because it can provide a better view of the magnetic field.
2. 詞彙釋義：
orbiter：軌道飛行器
mission：任務
unprecedented：史無前例的
suite：套，組
on board：車上，船上，飛機上
capture：捕獲，採集，拍攝
visual：視覺的
insight：洞察，洞悉，領悟
elliptical：橢圓的
orbit：軌道
gravity：重力
assist：輔助
swing：躍動，蕩動，拋動
ecliptic：黃道的
align：排列整齊，使對齊；（尤指）成一直線
equator：赤道
variety：多樣化
energize：為…提供電力/能量
emit：發射，放射
tandem：串聯，並行
approach：接近，靠近
eventually：最終
accomplish：完成
sample：採樣，取樣
particle：粒子
come off：脫落
up close：近距離，接近，臨近
encompass：包圍，環繞
brave：面對，承受
custom：定做的，定製的
titanium：鈦
shield：屏板，護罩
coat：給…塗上…
calcium：鈣
phosphate：磷酸鹽，磷酸酯
alternate：交替，輪流
難句解析：
1. This is the first mission that will provide images of the sun's north and south poles using a suite of six instruments on board that will capture the spacecraft's view. —— 本句偏長，後置定語突顯，定語從句嵌套定語從句，第一個定語從句that will provide…修飾mission，其中using…是現在分詞短語作狀語，第二個定語從句that will capture…修飾instruments，其中capture the spacecraft's view表示通過飛行器的視界進行捕捉或拍攝。
2. It can also use its variety of instruments to measure the sun's magnetic fields and solar wind, or the energized stream of particles emitted by the sun that reach across our solar system. —— 本句偏長，the energized stream含有多重後置定語，依次修飾各自前置詞，of particles是介詞短語修飾stream，emitted by the sun是過去分詞短語修飾particles，that reach across our solar system是定語從句修飾sun。
3. It launched in August 2018 and will eventually come within four million miles of the sun -- the closest a spacecraft has ever flown by our star. —— 本句中，破折號引導補充解釋性成分the closest…，在結構上與前面的成分沒有關聯，可看作是a spacecraft has ever flown the closest by our star的變形，其中the closest是副詞最高級形式作狀語，by表示經過（past）。
4. Parker can sample particles coming off the sun up close, while Solar Orbiter will fly farther back to capture more encompassing observations and provide broader context. —— 本句的主句中，coming off the sun是動名詞短語作定語修飾particles，up close是副詞短語狀語修飾謂語can sample，從句中，encompassing是現在分詞作定語，表示圍繞的範圍，capture… observations表示捕捉或拍攝觀測到的東西，如對象、圖像、數據、數值等。
新太陽軌道飛行器行將揭開太陽的新面貌
本週末，太陽軌道飛行器預計將於卡納維拉爾角發射升空，開始其近距離、史無前例地觀測恆星之旅。這將是第一次利用艙內六種儀器組合通過飛行器視界捕獲並回傳太陽南北兩極圖像的任務。關於太陽極的視覺認知很重要，因為這樣可以更深入地瞭解太陽強磁場及其如何影響地球。
太陽軌道飛行器大約需要兩年時間才能到達繞日高橢圓軌道。地球和金星的輔助重力將助力飛行器飛離黃道面或太陽赤道的平齊空間，以便可以從上下兩個方向研究太陽的兩極。
太陽軌道飛行器配備了十種儀器，可以用於觀測拍攝太陽日冕（即其大氣層）、兩極和太陽盤。軌道器還可以使用各種儀器測量太陽的磁場和太陽風，或者太陽發射的可以橫穿太陽系的粒子通電流。
太陽軌道器將與飛行期為七年的目前正在圍繞太陽運行的美國宇航局的帕克太陽探測器聯手合作執行任務，帕克太陽探測器剛剛完成了第四次近距離接近太陽的任務。它是於2018年8月發射升空的，最終將到達距太陽400萬英里的範圍——是太空飛行器行將飛臨太陽最接近的一次。
兩個飛行器一起執行任務可以幫助解開太陽的奧秘並可以為研究人員提供比兩個飛行器各自單獨所能完成的更多的數據。帕克可以近距離地對太陽上的脫落粒子進行採樣，而太陽軌道飛行器將回飛得更遠，以觀測拍攝更大的範圍並提供更寬廣的境域。有的時候，太陽軌道飛行器還將進行調整以測量太陽風或磁場。
太陽軌道飛行器的飛行任務也是為期七年，將到達距離太陽2600萬英里的範圍。由於太陽軌道器飛行配備特製的磷酸鈣塗層鈦隔熱罩，能夠直接面臨太陽的熱量並可以承受高達970華氏度的溫度。
太陽軌道飛行器對於太陽兩極的觀測可以解釋太陽磁場以11年為週期交替變化的原因。當磁場活躍時會在太陽表面產生太陽黑子，然後出現活動減少的平靜期。這些觀察由於可以提供更好的磁場視界，還可以更好地進行空間天氣的預測。
閱讀更多 老韓說英語 的文章
