三、常見用法
形容詞或副詞的比較級+than。如：You are taller than Tom. 你比Tom高。
可修飾比較級的詞 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even.
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family.
當薩拉還是一個青少年的時候，她常常幾乎所有事情都和她的家人爭吵。
【解析】fight over 為……爭吵
fight for + 抽象名詞（事業、自由、權利） 等 “為......而鬥爭”
have a fight with 和......打了一架
But five years ago , while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio.但是五年前，當她在英國留學時， 她在收音機上聽到一首充滿思鄉之情的歌曲。
【解析1】abroad adv 在國外；到國外 My father often goes abroad.
abroad 用法：表示到（在）國外，是一個副詞，前面不加介詞。
go abroad 出國 live abroad 住在國外
at home and abroad 在國內外
【解析2】return = come / go back返回= give sth back 歸還
returen ... to ... 把.......歸還給....... Don’t forget to return it to the library.
【解析3】on the radio 在收音機裡；通過無線廣播
介詞on 表示 “ 以......方式”
on the Internet 通過因特網；在網上 on the telephone 通過電話 on TV 通過電視
She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她開始意識到事實上她是多麼想念他們。
【解析】actually 真實地，事實上actually 和 in fact 用法的區別
actually adv. ① (無比較級、最高級)實際上,事實上,實際
He looks unpleasant, but actually he is very kind. 他看起來板著面孔,但事實上很和藹。
in fact 相當於really, truly
No one believed it, but in fact, Mary did pass her exam. 儘管沒有人相信，但實際上瑪麗確實考試及格了。
前者通常作狀語，用於書面語，修飾副詞不可單獨使用。
後者可作狀語或表語，可單獨使用，既可用於書面也可用於口語中。
( ) ________the earth is actually a bit nearer to the sun during our winter.
A. actually B. in fact C. real D. /
Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music. 從那以後，她成了一名美國鄉村音樂愛好者。
【解析】ever since 自從……以來
ever since 作連詞時=since, ever起強調作用 ,主句常用現在完成時.
I haven’t heard from him since last year. =I haven’t heard from him ever since last year.
【2013浙江麗水】I met Lucy in the primary school and we have been close friends _____.
A.as usual B.again and again C.sooner or later D.ever since
Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group.現在的很多歌曲是關於美國現代生活的，例如：金錢和成功的重要性，但它們不屬於一種類型。
【解析1】modern adj.現代的，當代的
such as “例如，諸如此類的，像……那樣的”，相當於like或for example
such as 後不可列出前面所提過的所有東西。
I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四種語言，如日語、英語
for example/such as辨析：
for example“例如”，一般只以同類事物或人中的“一個”為例，作插入語，用逗號隔開，可置於句首、句中或句末。
【析】for example意為用來舉例說明，有時可作為獨立語，插在句中，不影響句子其他部分的語法關係。
He，for example，is a good student. 例如，他就是個好學生。
such as“例如”，用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。
【析】such as用來列舉事物，插在被列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，
as 後不可以有逗號，可以與 and so on 連用。
Boys such as John and James are very friendly.
像約翰和詹姆斯這樣的男孩都很友好。
【解析3】success 成功
succeed v 成功，達到 →success n 成功 →successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地
◆succeed in doing sth make a success 取得成功
( ) She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.
A. successful; pass B. success ;passing C. succeed; passing D. successful; passing
【解析4】belong 屬於； 歸屬
【詳解】belong v 屬於 = be owned by
belong to +人名（不能用所有格）+代詞賓格（不能用物主代詞） 屬於
【注】：belong to不能用於進行時態或被動形式，其主語常常是物。
Sth belongs to sb = sth is sb’s The yellow car belongs to Mr. Smith = The yellow car is Mr. Smith’s.
【甘肅蘭州2】— Are these books ______ ? — No, they are not mine. They belong to _____.
A. your; her B. yours; her C. you; hers D. yours; she
【2013黃岡】The French book must be Li Ying’s. She’s the only one who’s studying French.
A. belong to li Ying’s B. belong to Li Ying C. belong Li Ying’s D. belong Li Ying
【2013哈爾濱】Mo Yan, a famous Chinese writer, won the Nobel Prize for literature at the end of the year 2012. We learn that success ______ the person with a never- give –up attitude.
A. drives out B. takes over C. belongs to
However， country music brings us back to the “good old days “ when people were kind to each other and trusted one another. 然而， 鄉村音樂把我們帶回人們彼此友好、彼此信任的“美好舊時代”。
【解析】be kind to 對……友好= be friendly to
kind of “有點兒，有幾分”相當於a little 或a bit
a kind of “一種”
all kinds of “各種各樣的”
different kinds of“不同種類的”
what kind of ….的種類(用來詢問事物的類別)
( ) — _____ rice would you like? — Small , please.
A. What kind of B. What size C. What size of D. What size bowl of
7. He’s sold more than 120 million records. 他的唱片銷量已經超過1.2億張。
【解析】million 一百萬
hundred n 百 hundreds of 數以百的 thousand n 千 thousands of成千上萬的 million n 百萬 millions of成百萬的
【注】：(1)當million 前面有具體的數字時，用單數形式
(2)當million 後與of 連用時用複數形式， millions of 是數百萬的意思，前面不能加數詞
【口訣】：具體的不加s 也不加of，不具體的加s 也加of
【記】Three million workers have planted millions of trees
【四川廣元】— Guang’an is a beautiful city, isn’t it? — Yes, There are about two ______ visitors here every week.
A. thousands of B. thousands C. thousand
【2013雲南中考】— How many people were invited to the meeting? — About six ____.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
【2013雅安】We planted _______ trees last year.
A. hundreds of B. hundred of C. five hundreds D. five hundred of
【2013烏魯木齊】The number of the cars in our neighborhood is about eight____, and ____ of them are new cars.
A. hundred; two thirds B. hundred; two thirds C. Hundreds; two thirds D. hundreds; two third
【2013宜賓】—“Food Safety” has become one of the hottest topics recently.
—Yeah, it receives __________ Internet hits(點擊) a day.
A. thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. ten thousands
8. I hope to see him sing live one day! 我希望有一天能現場聽他唱歌！
【解析1】hope v 希望
(1)hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope ______ (see) you again.
(2)hope +that 從句 I hope you may succeed
(3)I hope so 我希望是這樣
(4)I hope not 我希望不是這樣
【注】：不能說 hope sb. to do sth 但可以說 wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事
hope/wish辨析:
wish一般表示某種強烈而又難以實現的“願望”，
hope表示的是可以實現或能達到的“希望”。
① I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快就見到你。
② I wish I （be）back home, I don’t like this place.
【解析2】live 現場直播的；實況直播的
I hope to see the Olypic Games live in 2016! 我希望2016年能到現場去看奧運會。
The number of records he has sold. 他已售出唱片的數量。
【解析】 the number of
⑴ the number of 表示“……的數目” ，後跟名詞複數或代詞，其後的謂語動詞用單數。
⑵a number of 表示“大量的，許多” ，後跟複數名詞，其後謂語動詞用複數。
( ) — A number of students ____ in the dinning hall.
— Let me count. The number of the students _____ about 400.
A. are ; is B. is ;are C. are; are
【2011四川達州】25.—How many______ teachers are there in your school? — _____ them _____ over two hundred.
A. woman; The number of; is B. women; The number of; is
C. woman; A number of; is D. women; A number of; are
【2013貴州安順1】In our school library there ___ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them ___ growing larger and larger. A. are; is B.is; are C.have; are D.has; is
10. Where is she from? 她來自哪裡？
【解析】be from =come from 來自She is from France=She comes from France.
【注】be from 構成否定句時，在be 後加not;構成疑問句時，將be 提起。
come from 構成否定句或疑問句時，要藉助助動詞do或does.
(1)Her pen pal is from China.=Her pen pal _________China.
(2) My classmate is not from China.=My classmate___________China.
( ) Li Yan is my friend. She comes ____ a small village. A.on B.with C.of D.from
11. Have you introduced this singer/ writer to other?你給其他人介紹過這個歌手/作家嗎？
【解析】 introduce v 介紹；引進
(1) introduce oneself to sb. 向某人作自我介紹 Let me introduce myself to you.
(2) introduce A to B.把A介紹給B May I introduce my friend Jim to you?
(3) introduce into 引進
( ) —Hello ,everyone! —Please let me ______.
A. introduce my name B. introduce myself C. to introduce myself D. introduce to myself
12. At the end of the day, the bus brought us back to our school.傍晚的時候，公共汽車帶我們回到了我們的學校。
【解析】(1) in the end =at last =finally 最後，終於
(2) at the end of 在….的結尾（反）at the beginning of 在……開始
【既可用來表示時間， 也可以用來表示地點】
at the end of the speech 在演講結束時 at the end of the road 在路的盡頭
(3).by the end of 在…..結束時，常與過去完成時連用(had+過去分詞)
①My father agreed with me ________（最後），and bought me a little dog.
( ) ② I tried many times,______ I succeeded.
A. on the end B. in the end C. by the end D. at the end
現在完成時：
1.概念：
過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，或從過去已經開始，持續到現在的動作或狀態。
2.時間狀語：
recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, already ,yet ,never ,ever, just, before, so far ,once, twice etc.
3.基本結構： have/has + done
4.否定形式： have/has + not +done.
5.一般疑問句： 把have或has放於句首。
6.反義疑問句： 直接用has /have 進行反問
7.與時間段連用時，短暫性動詞應改為相應的延續性動詞。
go out----be out finish-----be over leave ----be away from buy ----have borrow /lend -----keep
open ---be open close---be closed die---dead start/begin ----be on join—--be in /be a member of /be a soldier become –be make friend ---be friend get up ---be up fall asleep ---be asleep catch a cold – have a cold reach/get/arrive---stay/be
Unit 10 I ’ve had this bike for three years.
1. I’ve had it for three years. 我擁有它三年了。
【解析】for +一段時間 表示動作持續一段時間,用於現在完成時
【2012甘肅雞西市1】 She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.
A. has been away from B. has left C. had left
【2012湖北十堰2】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he __ in Shiyan for five years.
A. was teaching B. has taught C. will teach D. taught
Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的那些舊東西，因為它們能使她想起甜蜜的回憶。
【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留
keep 用法歸納如下：
一、用作系動詞，意為“保持（某種狀態）”，其後常接形容詞作表語。 Please keep quiet / silent! 請保持安靜！
二、用作實義動詞，
⑴. 保管；保存；保留 Please keep these things for me while I am away.
⑵. 贍養；飼養 I used to keep sheep in my childhood.
⑶ 堅持；繼續 接V-ing 形式作賓語。
If you keep practicing your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress.
⑷ 阻止；阻礙 keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介詞 from 不能省略。
The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match.
⑸ 保持。 其後常接複合賓語，表示使（某人或某物）保持某種狀態或使某一動作繼續。
① keep + sb/sth + 介詞。 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets.
② keep + sb/sth + 形容詞。 These gloves will keep your hands warm.
③ keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“讓某人 / 某物一直……”，強調動作的持續性。
I'm sorry I've kept you waiting. 很抱歉，讓你久等了。
【短語】
keep a record 保持記錄， keep in touch (with)保持與……的聯繫 keep out (of) 把……關在外面，
keep up 保持；使……不能入睡 keep one's / an eye on密切注視 keep away (from) 離開
keep in mind 牢記 keep one's word 遵守諾言
【2013山東濟南3】 —Could I __________ your iPad, Alice? —Of course. Here you are.
A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return
【2013貴州安順2】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?”
“ Yes. I _____ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon.
A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept
【解析2】 bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回憶起
( ) Our excellent service ______ our guests _____ year after year.
A. bring; down B. bring; back C. bring; in D. bring; up
3. You can also give old things away to people in need. 你也能捐贈舊東西給那些需要的人們。
【解析】 in need 需要；需求
【拓展】in danger 在危險中 in trouble在困境中
in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康狀態中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患難見真情
4. Because I don’t read it anymore . 因為我不用再讀了。
【解析】no more ;not … anymore/ no longer ;not... any longer不再
詞語
同義詞
用法
no longer
not… any longer
強調時間或動作“不再延續” , 與延續性動詞連用
no more
not … any more
強調數量和程度“不再增加” , 與非延續性動詞連用
位置區別： 當修飾動詞時，no longer通常置於be或行為動詞前；no more一般置於行為動詞後。
not... any longer與not... any more常置於句末。
He can no longer walk. = He can’t walk any longer
The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didn’t cry any more.
( ) It is late. We can not wait him _____. A. any more B. no more C. more
5. Because I’ve had it since I was a baby. 因為自從我很小的時候我就有它了。
【解析】since 自從
Since +從句（一般過去時），主句用現在完成時 He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
【辨析】since 與for 在現在完成時態中的用法：
since
其後接時間點或時態為一般過去時的句子，表示某事是從什麼時候開始的
I’ve been a soldier since two years ago
for
其後接時間段，表示某事持續了多長時間
I’ve been a soldier for two years.
【2011天津】My grandmother ___ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.
A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen
【2011貴州畢節】I ______ many new friends since I came here．
A．make B．made C．will make D．have made
【2013上海】—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon
6. I have something for the kids, 我有一些孩子們的東西。
【解析】for 給；為了
介詞for用法歸納
用法1：(表目的)為了。They went out for a walk. 他們出去散步了。
用法2：(表利益)為，為了。 What can I do for you? 你想要我什麼？
【2013上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad ____ our health.
A. from B. with C .of D. for
【2013牡丹江2】—What did you get _____ your mother ____ Mother’s Day? —A beautiful card and a scarf.
A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for
【2013江蘇鹽城4】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online ___ further education.
A. after B. to C. with D. for
7. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.我擁有這本雜誌已經幾個月了。
【解析】a couple of 幾個；一些= a few 後接可數名詞複數
a couple of “一對” ,優指夫妻、情侶
I’ll be back in _______________days. (幾天)
8. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’ll still interesting. 裡面的故事或許有點老，但它們仍然很有趣。
【解析】a bit 稍微；有點兒
a bit /a little辨析：
⑴ a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞和比較級,"一點兒"。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly. 演講者把嗓門提高了一點兒,以便使別人聽得更清楚。
⑵ a little可以直接作定語修飾名詞,
a bit修飾名詞，需後面加of構成短語 ,兩者都只能修飾不可數名詞
There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午飯只能吃剩下的一點食品了。
9. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
【解析】check out 查看；觀察 check v檢查
【2013浙江寧波】 Please _______(檢查)your test paper before you hand it in.
【2013安徽3】I will meet Jane at the station, Please___ what time she will arrive.
A. count B. choose C. check D. catch
【2013天津】— Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?
—Oh, really! I haven’t ____ my mailbox yet.
A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked
10. My children are growing up fast .我的孩子們成長的很快。
【解析】grow up 成長 （常用於指人或動物）
( ) When I grow up , I want to be a teacher. A. give up B. put up C. get older D. get younger
11. So we’ve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale.
所以，我們正從臥室裡清理出許多東西來辦一場庭院拍賣會。
【解析】clear out 清理；把……清空 clean up 清理；使整潔 Please clear out the cupboard.
12. We’ve decided to each sell five things we no longer use. 我們已經決定每人賣出去五件我們不用的東西。
【解析1】decide 決定decide v 決定→-decision n 決定
(1)decide to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 決定做某事
(2)make a decision 做決定
①My mother has decided _______________(take) me to acting lessons.
( ) ②My brother makes up his mind to study medicine.
A. decided B. needs C. decides D. has
【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided ____.
A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it
【2013河北中考2】The children decide ____ their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
【解析2】no longer = not ... any long 不再
【在句中位置】no longer 位於助動詞、情態動詞或實意動詞之後；
not ... any longer not 常與助動詞或情態動詞連用，any longer 位於句末。
I no longer live in this city. = I don’t live in this city any longer.
【辨析】 no longer, not ... any longer; no more , not... any more.
詞語
同義詞
用法
no longer
not ... any longer
強調時間或動作“不再延續” ，與延續動詞連用
no more
not ... any more
強調數量和程度“不再增加” 與非延續動詞連用
He can no longer walk = He can’t walk any longer.
I have no more money to give you.= I don’t have money to give you any more.
13. For example , he’s owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.
例如，從他四歲生日以來，就已經擁有了這列火車和鐵軌的組合，大約七歲之前他幾乎每週都要玩這個玩具。
【解析】own 擁有
own v 擁有→owner n 物主 of one’s own 某人自己的 the owner of … ……的所有者
①Who is the ____________(own) of the bike? ②I want to see it with _______(I) own eyes.
14. And he didn’t want to lose the toy monkey he’s had since then, 並且他也不想失去自從他出生就擁有的那個玩具猴。
【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去 I hope we won’t lose the competition.
My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain
toys.我女兒比較通情達理，儘管要失去某些玩具也讓她感到難過。
【解析1】part with 與……分開；失去（尤指捨不得的東西） They were sorry to part with the old house.
( ) She felt sad to part with her lovely dog. A. find B. lost C. lose D. found
【解析2】certain ⑴ 某種； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定語，常與不定代詞a連用，可修飾單、複數名詞）
A certain person called on me yesterday.
⑵ adj. 確實的，無疑的
be certain of 對某事有把握 They are certain of success. be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.
be certain +that確信 I’m certain that he’ll come.
( ) He is certain _____ to ninety.
A. live B. of live C. to live D. to living.
As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I haven’t played for a while now.
對於我來說，我不想放棄我的足球衫，但說實話，現在我有段時間沒踢足球了。
【解析1】as for 至於；關於 （後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語） As for computer, I’m not telling you anything.
( ) — ____ the doctors, the most beautiful teacher Zhang Lili is out of danger.
—We wish her to live a healthy and happy life in the future.
A. In front of B. Thanks to C. As for D. Across from
【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老實說；說實話
【拓展】honest adj. 誠實的（反）dishonest adj. 不誠實的an honest boy 一個誠實的男孩
【注】honest 以元音音素開頭，所以前面的定冠詞要用an.
①He is a _________(honest) boy. We all don’t like him.
②She is an __________(honest) girl. We all like her.
③ Tom likes to tell lies, he is________(honest)
( ) We should be honest to everyone . We shouldn’t tell lies.
A. dishonest B. true C. truth D. truthful
【解析3】for a while 一會兒 She likes to lie down for a while after lunch.
17. What will they do with the money they raise from the sale?
他們要用賣東西籌集來的錢做什麼？
【解
析】do with 處理；對付（某人或某物）
deal with 處理 與how 連用
do with 處理 與what 連用
do with
“處理；安置”，強調處理的對象，常與what連用
I don’t know what to do with these letters.
deal with
“處理；應付”，強調處理的方式、方法，常與how連用
He taught me how to deal with pressure.
【2011玉溪】We can’t decide what will happen in our life, but we can decide how we will _____it.
A. agree with B. begin with C. deal with D. come up with
( ) — ____ do you ____ your broken watch? — I am going to take it to the watchmaker’s .
A. How; do with B. What; deal with C. How; deal with D. What; did with
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