unit 09 Have you ever been to a museum
考點（一）詞語辨析
Ⅰ. how構成的疑問短語辨析
1. How long表示 “時間多久或物體多長”. 表示時間側重指 “一段時間”.針對 “How long” 的回答一般是時間段,如 “for three days”, “three years” “About two weeks”
2. How often表示 “多少時間一次或每隔多久”.是就做某事的頻率提問。針對How often的回答一般是 “Twice a year”. “Three times a week”.
3. How soon表示 “多久之後”.側重某人某事能多快時間完成. How soon的回答一般為: “ in + 時間段” e.g. “ in two days” “in five years”
4．How far表示“多遠” How far is it?
5. how many主要用來提問可數名詞的數量
6. how much主要用來提問錢數或者提問不可數名詞的數量。
如：How much is the book? -It’s five yuan.
How much mike do you want?—Only one bag.
7. how old 用來提問年齡。如：
---How old are you ?
-- I ‘m twelve years old.
【典型例題】
1. — （） apples do you want to buy?
— Ten, please. And （） are they?
A. How much ; how much
B. How many ; how many
C. How many ; how much
D. How much ; how many
【答案】C
【解析】
試題分析：句意：你想買多少蘋果？十個。它們多錢？How many +可數名詞複數，提問數量; how much+不可數名詞，提問數量；還可以提問價錢。結合句意，故選C
考點：考查疑問詞的用法。
2.—________is a boat ticket for children?
—How old is your child? It’s free for kids under three years old.
A. How long
B. How much
C. How often
D. How soon
【答案】B
【解析】考點：疑問詞辨析
3. __________ is it from Wuxi to Sanya and how much does it __________ to fly there?
A. How long； take
B. How far； cost
C. How soon； spend
D. How far； take
【答案】B
【解析】試題分析：句意：從無錫到三亞有多遠？飛到哪要花費多少錢？根據語境可知第一個空是提問距離故用How far提問；根據固定句型It takes to do表示花費時間去做某事。結合句意，故選B
考點：考查疑問詞組及動詞辨析。
Ⅱ.hundred ,thousand, million辨析
hundred n 百 hundreds of 數以百的
thousand n 千 thousands of成千上萬的
million n 百萬 millions of成百萬的
(1)當million 前面有具體的數字時，用單數形式
(2)當million 後與of 連用時用複數形式，
millions of 是數百萬的意思，前面不能加數詞
具體的不加s 也不加of，不具體的加s 也加of
【典型例題】
1.In our city, ________ college students want to work as a teacher in holidays.
A.thousand
B. thousands of
C. thousand of
D. two thousand of
【答案】B
【解析】考點：數詞用法
2. There are _______ books in our library.
A. five hundreds
B. hundred of
C. hundreds of
D.five hundred of
【答案】C
【解析】試題分析：句意：我們圖書館裡有成千上百本書。Hundred表示具體有幾百時，用單數；表示虛指時，用複數加of，意為成千上百的。故選C。
考點：考查數詞。
Ⅲ. 分數的表達
分數的表達法
1).結構：
a).分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞.
b).當分子大於1時,分母為序數詞加s.
¾ = three fourths = three quarters
2).分數的幾種特殊形式.
1/3—one third = a third
1/4—one fourth = a quarter
1/2—one second = a half
3/4—three fourths = three quarters
3).分數詞作主語時, 謂語動詞根據分數詞後面的名詞來確定.
不可數名詞 +動詞單三形式
分數 + of +可數名詞 + 動詞變複數形式
【典型例題】
1.of the teachers in our school women.
A．Two thirds, are
B．Two threes , is
C．Two third, are
D．Two thirds , is
【答案】A
考點：考查分數的表示法。
2.of our classmates are good at basketball.
A.Three quarters
B. Three fourth
C.Third four
D. Three four
【答案】A
【解析】
試題分析：句意：我們班的四分之三學生都擅長打籃球。分析：考查分數的用法，簡單的說，分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞，若分子大於一，分母用複數形式。例如：三分之一：one third，而四分之幾時，用單詞quarter表示。故選 A
考點：考查分數的表示法。
Ⅳ.listento/hear辨析
(1)listen/listen to 聽，側重聽的“過程”
(2)hear 聽，側重聽的“結果”
hear sb. do sth 聽見某人做某事
I often hear him sing in the room.
hear sb. doing sth 聽見某人正在做某事
I hear him singing in the room
hear of/about 聽說
hear from=receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的來信
I’m sorry to hear that.
聽到這件事我很難過(指聽到別人不幸的消息時的用語)
【典型例題】
1. （）me carefully, boys and girls. Can you （） me?
A.Listen to; hear from
B. Hear; listen to
C.Hear; hear
D. Listen to; hear
【答案】D
【解析】
試題分析：本題的含義是認真的聽，你們能聽見嗎？前半句強調動作用listen to，後半句強調結果用hear，故本題選D。
考點：考查動詞的用法。
2.― I never _____ him after he went to the USA.
―Maybe you should write to him first.
A. hear about
B. hear of
C. hear from
D. hear out
【答案】 C
【解析】考點：短語辨析
Ⅴ.information/message/news辨析
information指電視、電腦或其它雜誌等獲得的信息，為不可數名詞；
a piece of information 一條信息
You can get much information on the Internet
message“消息、口信、電報” 指書面、口頭、無線電等傳來的信息，為可數名詞；
I’ll leave a message for her.
我將為她留個口信。
news“新聞，消息”，指通過報紙、電臺、電視等新聞媒介報道的最新消息，為不可數名詞。
a piece of news 一則新聞
Is there any good news today?
【典型例題】
1.—What ______ can you give me on learning English?
—I think you could join an English club
A advice
B news
C messages
D information
【答案】A
【解析】試題分析：句意：----關於學英語，你能給我些什麼建議？--我認為你應該加入英語俱樂部。A advice建議；B news新聞；C messages消息，信息；D information消息。結合句意，故選A。
考點：考查名詞詞義辨析。
2.Just search the internet, you can get almost all the_____ you need.
A. informations B. information
C. picture D. story
【答案】B
【解析】試題分析：句意：只要上網搜索，你幾乎就能得到你想要的一切信息。information消息，信息，不可數；picture圖畫；D. story故事。結合句意，故選A。
考點：考查名詞詞義辨析。
Ⅵ. have/has been to ， have / has gone to ，have/ has been in 辨析：
① have/ has been to + 地名（ “曾經去過某地” , 現在已經回到原地。）
He has been to England twice．
他曾經去過英國兩次。(現在已經不在英國了)
Have you ever been to the Great Wall？
你到過長城嗎?（現在已經不在長城上）
②have /has gone to （“已經去某地了” ，說話時該人不在現場。）
He has gone to England。
他已去英國了。(已經不在說話的地方，到達英國或者在去英國的路上)
③have /has been in +地點 （待在某地，常與時間段搭配。）
【典型例題】
1. Mary, along with her parents ________Hainan for a week and they will come back soon.
A. have been to
B. has been in
C. have been in
D. has been to
【答案】B
【解析】考點：考查完成時態及動詞應用
2.—Do you know where the twins are?
—Yes. They _______ Fuzhou.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. have gone
D. went to
【答案】A【解析】本題考查現在完成時，have/has been to 去過某地（已經回來了），have/has gone to去了（還沒回來）強調不在說話地點，根據題意故選A.
考點：完成時態及動詞應用
Ⅶ. invent與discover辨析
invent v 發明→inventor n 發明家→invention n 發明
1.invent 發明 指事物從無到有（客觀上沒有）
2.discover 發現 強調事物本身存在，只不過從“未知”到“已知”（客觀上以前存在）
【典型例題】
1 After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang ___the records again.
A. broke
B.achieved
C. invented
D. completed
【答案】A
【解析】
考點：考查動詞詞義辨析。
2. At that time, the calculator was a great ______ / ɪnˈvenʃn /.
A.invent
B. invitation
C.invention
D. inventor
【答案】C
【解析】
試題分析：句意：在那時，計算機是一個偉大的發明。invent 是一個動詞，意思是發明；invitation 是一個名詞，意思是邀請；invention是一個名詞，意思是發明；inventor發明者。根據句意和音標可知，這裡是說計算機是一個偉大的發明，應該用名詞。故選C。
考點：考查名詞。
考點（二）點動詞與延續性動詞
點動詞即該動詞所表示的動作瞬間完成，不能延續很長時間也稱非延續性動詞。在現在完成動時當中點動詞不能與段時間連用。若要表達同一含義，可以有如下表達方式。
1. 把點動詞改為同義的延續性動詞
borrow----keep
buy---have
die--- be dead
finish/end ---be over
start/begin----be on
come/go back----be back
go/leave ---be away
get to know----know
become---be
join----be a member of / be in ….
come/arrive-----be here/ in
put on—wear
go to sleep--- be asleep
catch a cold—have a cold
marry---be married
eg:( 誤 ) I have bought the book for 2 weeks .
( 正 ) I have had the book for 2 weeks.
( 誤 ) The dog has died for 5 days.
( 正)The dog has been dead for 5 days.
2. It is / has been + 段時間 since + sentence ( 一般過去時)
Eg: ( 誤 ) He has joined the League for three years.
( 正 )He has been in the League for three years.
( 正 ) He has been a member of the League for three years
( 正) It is three years since he joined the League. 他入團已三年了
【典型例題】好
1.--- What a beautiful car! When ________ you ________ it? --- I________ it for two years.
A.did;buy;bought B.did; buy; have had
C.have;bought;havebought D. have; bought; have had
【答案】B
【解析】
考點：考查動詞時態。
2. —Where is Mr. Wu? I haven’t seen him for several days.
—He_____ America and he _____ from his home since last week.
A.has been in;
has left
B. has gone to;has left
C. has gone to;
has been away
D. have been in;has been away
【答案】C
【解析】
試題分析：句意：--吳先生在哪？我已經有七天沒有看見他了。--他已經去美國了，自從上個星期，他就已經離開家了。分析：考查現在完成時，表示提到的人不在說話地點，用have gone to 去了某地。（have been in 待在某地）；同時since last week是段時間，離開要用延續動詞，因此將leave轉換為have been away.故選 C
考點：考查現在完成時的用法。
3. —Do you know the young woman in a red dress?
—Sure.We （） friends since ten years ago.
A.were
B. have become
C. have been
D. have made
【答案】C
【解析】
考點：考查時態的用法.
考點（三）重點短語
1.at night 在夜晚
2.in a more natural environment 在一個更加自然的環境中
3.all year round 一年到頭;終年
4.be far from 離……遠
5.in the d ark 在黑暗中
6.in the past 在過去
7.have been to sp. 去過某地
8.go somewhere different 去不同的地方
9.take the subway 坐地鐵= by subway
10.learn about sth. 瞭解有關……的情況
11.on the weekend 在週末
11.camp in the mountains 在大山裡露營
12.put up a tent 搭帳篷
13.in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式
14.different kinds of 各種各樣的
15.a nice place to enjoy tea 一個品茶的好地方
16.thousands of 數以千計的
17.three quarters 四分之三
18. have trouble doing sth在做某事時有麻煩
【典型例題】
1. ----Have you watched the CCTV news on TV?
----Yes,_______ children had a good festival on the ________ Children’s Day.
A. millions of, sixty
B. ten million, sixty
C.millions of, sixtieth
D. ten millions, sixtieth
【答案】C
【解析】
2. It takes me five minutes ____ home by bike.
A. to go B. going
C. went D.goes
【答案】A
【解析】
試題分析：句意：騎自行車回家花了我五分鐘的時間。固定句型it takes sb sth todo花費某人多長時間去做某事。故選A。
考點：考查固定句型。
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