单项填空专练4组
题组Ⅰ
1.(2018, 32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the you’ve made.
A.assignment B.association
C.acquisition D.assumption
2.(2016,24)—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt
3.(2017,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But explanations are hard to find.
A.alternative B.aggressive
C.ambiguous D.apparent
4.(2018,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.
A.had B.will have
C.would have had D.have had
5.(2016,30)Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
A.fallen off B.taken off
C.turned off D.left off
6.(2017,24)The publication of Great Expectations, which both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
7.(2018,30)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan in the past two years.
A.had been carried out B.would be carried out
C.is being carried out D.has been carried out
8.(2017,27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he .
A.was being followed B.was following
C.had been followed D.followed
9.(2018,33)China’s soft power grows the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A.in line with B.in reply to
C.in return for D.in honour of
10.(2017,21)Many Chinese brands, their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A.having developed B.being developed
C.developed D.developing
题组Ⅱ
1.(2016,23)Many young people,most were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A.of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those
2.(2016,34)Not until recently the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage D.they encouraged
3.(2018,26)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
A.having exceeded B.to exceed
C.exceeded D.exceeding
4.(2016,32)—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
— . Opposites sometimes do attract.
A.I hope not B.I think so
C.I appreciate that D.I beg to differ
5.(2018,31)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
A.have developed B.had developed
C.will have developed D.developed
6.(2016,27)If it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now.
A.had not been B.should not be
C.were not to be D.should not have been
7.(2017,23)Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A.why B.when C.which D.where
8.(2016,21)It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A.why B.what C.as D.that
9.(2015,24)Much time sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
A.being spent B.having spent
C.spent D.spending
10.(2018,29) you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A.Once B.Unless
C.If D.When
题组Ⅲ
1.(2015,31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and review of the case.
A.comprehensive B.complicated
C.conscious D.crucial
2.(2017,33)—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—It’s nothing. Just something .
A.as clear as day B.off the top of my head
C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams
3.(2018,28)—You know what?I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh, You’re kidding.
A.so what? B.go ahead. C.come on. D.what for?
4.(2017,29)Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated PCs in sales.
A.controversial B.contradictory
C.confidential D.conventional
5.(2016,31)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A.explicit B.ambiguous
C.original D.arbitrary
6.(2017,32)Determining where we are our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A.in contrast to B.in defense of
C.in face of D.in relation to
7.(2018,23)Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A.that B.where C.which D.when
8.(2017,25)Working with the medical team in Africa has the best in her as a doctor.
A.held out B.brought out
C.picked out D.given out
9.(2018,34)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready
10.(2017,30)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help your year ahead.
A.shape B.switch C.stretch D.sharpen
题组Ⅳ
1.(2017,31)He’s been informed that he for the scholarship because of his academic background.
A.hasn’t qualified B.hadn’t qualified
C.doesn’t qualify D.wasn’t qualifying
2.(2017,22) not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it
3.(2016,28)In art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message within the work.
A.to hide B.hidden
C.hiding D.being hidden
4.(2018,35)—What happened? Your boss seems to .
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off
C.be all ears D.fly off the handle
5.(2016,26) some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
A.Because B.If C.Unless D.While
6.(2015,21)The number of smokers, is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A.it B.which C.what D.as
7.(2018,21)By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.
A.where B.when C.why D.how
8.(2017,26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of it used to charge.
A.that B.which C.what D.how
9.(2016,29)Dashan, who crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
A.will be learning B.is learning
C.had been learning D.has been learning
10.(2015,32)Some schools will have to make in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A.judgments B.adjustments
C.comments D.achievements
答案全解全析
题组Ⅰ
1.D 句意:努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不是根据自己的假设采取行动。考查名词辨析。assumption 假定;假设。符合语境。assignment 任务;作业。association 协会;联合。acquisition (知识、技能等的)获得;得到。
2.A 句意:——你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的诀窍吗?——确切地说,就是充实地度过每一天。考查名词辨析。recipe秘诀,诀窍;record记录;range范围;receipt收据。
3.A 句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体碰撞事件造成的,但是也很难找到其他的解释。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知选择alternative“可供替代的,其他的”。aggressive“咄咄逼人的,有进取心的”,ambiguous“模棱两可的”,apparent“显而易见的”。
4.A 句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己还能有机会去更多地参与其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句中往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓语动词要用过去式,所以答案为A项。
5.B 句意:多亏适宜创业的宽松氛围,很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。考查动词短语辨析。fall off减少,下降;take off成功,起飞,脱掉;turn off关闭;leave off停止。
6.C 句意:《远大前程》这本书被广泛地评价和高度地赞扬,它的出版巩固了狄更斯作为最杰出的小说家的地位。本题结合时态考查主谓一致。根据题干可以确定,which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Great Expectations这本书,因此定语从句中的be动词应是单数形式。根据题干中的strengthened可知,语境为过去,因此设空处的时态应为一般过去时,故选择C项。
7.A 句意:上个月我被派到这个村子来看看在过去的两年发展计划的实施情况。考查动词的时态。设空处表示的动作应该发生在主句谓语动词was sent之前,属于“过去的过去”,所以要用过去完成时,故答案为A项。
8.A 句意:他匆忙往家赶,从未回头看看是否有人跟着他。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知,设空处应用被动语态,因此排除B、D两项。从题干中的hurried可知语境为过去;C项是过去完成时,表示跟踪这个动作发生在往家赶之前,与语境不符;而过去进行时的被动语态表示当时正在被跟踪,故选A项。
9.A 句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连的。考查介词短语。in line with与……相似;与……紧密相连。符合语境。in reply to答复。in return for作为回报。in honour of 为向……表示尊敬。
10.A 句意:很多中国的品牌,已经积攒了几百年的声誉,正在面临着来自现代市场的挑战。本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知题干中两个逗号中间的部分为非谓语动词短语,develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands,两者之间为主动关系;根据时间状语over centuries可知用having done的形式,故选择A项。
题组Ⅱ
1.C 句意:很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。考查定语从句。most were well-educated为定语从句,先行词为many young people,指人,故排除A项;B项和D项都不能引导从句,故选C项。
2.C 句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发展。考查倒装句。not until位于句首时,句子用部分倒装结构,故排除A项和D项;根据recently可知此处并非指“过去的过去”,故排除B项。此处指过去所发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。
3.D 句意:这段时期大约一万三千五百个新工作被创造出来,超过了市场分析专家预测的一万两千个。考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语,与Around 13,500 new jobs是主动关系,且没有动作发生前后的关系,要用v.-ing形式的一般式,所以答案为D项。
4.D 句意:——只有那些有很多共同之处的人才能相处得很好。——恕我不能同意。有时候对立的事物确实也很有吸引力。本题考查情景交际。I hope not但愿不是这样; I think so和I appreciate that都表示赞同; I beg to differ恕我不能同意。根据Opposites sometimes do attract.可知,后者不同意前者的看法,故选D项。情景交际的考查体现了英语的交际功能。考生在解题时必须充分理解语境,另外还不能受到母语的影响,所选交际用语必须符合英语习惯。
5.C 句意:在2025年我们有望不再互相发电子邮件了,因为到那时我们就已经开发出更便捷的电子交流工具了。考查动词时态。根据语境和时间状语in 2025,by then可知,此处表达“说话者认为在将来某个时间已经完成某事了”,所以要用将来完成时,故答案为C项。
6.A 句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里的。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知,本题用了虚拟语气,又根据主句中的now和从句中的the other day可知本句是一个错综时间条件句,主句和现在的事实相反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从句应用过去完成时态,故选A。本题题干简短,容易理解。虚拟语气用在if引导的条件状语从句中,判断与什么时间的事实相反非常关键,因此本题中时间状语the other day是判断的一个重要依据。
7.D 句意:由于位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处,将对“一带一路”的建设贡献更多。本题考查地点状语从句。设空处引导地点状语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导,故选择D项。
8.D 句意:对于那些不放弃希望的人来说,发生什么都是有可能的,这是很常见的。本题考查名词性从句。本句中it为形式主语,空格处引导的从句为真正的主语,从句结构和意义完整,应由that引导主语从句。故选D项。在解决名词性从句相关考题时,分析句子结构、判断句子成分非常关键。It is often the case that...也可以被看成是一个固定句型。
9.C 句意:因为在桌前久坐,办公室工作人员一般都被健康问题所困扰。本题考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语much time 与spend之间为被动关系且表示完成,应用过去分词,构成独立主格结构作原因状语,相当于As much time is spent sitting...。故选C项。考生一直会把含独立主格结构的句子与并列句混淆。命题者还是手下留情,有意降低了难度。如果选项中有is spent,相当一部分考生会误选该选项。
10.B 句意:如果你睡不好觉的话,一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力,无法做计划,也无法保持干劲了。考查状语从句。根据语境可知此处考查条件状语从句,unless=if...not,意为“除非……;如果不……”。
题组Ⅲ
1.A 句意:警察决定对这个案子进行一次彻底的、全面的审查。本题考查形容词词义辨析。要填的形容词应该和thorough(彻底的)是并列的,故选comprehensive(全面的)。complicated复杂的;conscious有意识的,清醒的;crucial至关重要的。
2.B 句意:——你T恤上的东西是什么意思啊?——没什么,只是随便写上去的而已。本题考查习语。根据题干中的nothing可知没有特别含义,因此选择B项,off the top of one’s head“不假思索,即兴”。
3.C 句意:——你知道吗?我得到了一张新年音乐会的门票。——哦,算了吧。你在开玩笑。考查情景交际。come on在此处意为“算了吧;得了吧”。So what?那又怎样?Go ahead.可以。What for?为什么?
4.D 句意:仅仅在史蒂夫·乔布斯去世5年后,智能手机在销量上就打败了传统的个人电脑。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知此题应选择D项,conventional“传统的”。controversial“有争议的”,contradictory“自相矛盾的”,confidential“机密的”。
5.A 句意:他的全面的调查就数据收集的方式和依据做出了清楚的描述。考查形容词辨析。explicit易于理解的,清楚的;ambiguous不明确的;original原先的,最初的;arbitrary武断的。
6.D 句意:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍然是我们生存的重要技能。本题考查介词短语辨析。根据句意可知,应选择in relation to“相对于……而言”。in contrast to“和……相比”,in defense of“为……辩护”,in(the) face of“面临”。
7.B 句意:无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。考查定语从句。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为:China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area. 由此可知,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where引导。
8.B 句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到了最大限度发挥。本题考查动词短语辨析。根据句意可知,应选B。bring out意为“使显现,使表现出”,常构成bring out the best in sb.这一表达。
9.B 句意:尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕,但是宾馆经理还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。考查形容词。reluctant 勉强的,不愿意的,符合语境。keen 热切的;着迷的。anxious 焦急的;焦虑不安的。ready 准备好的;愿意的。
10.A 句意:在年底对一年的成功和失败进行一个快速的回顾会有助于你下一年的发展。本题考查动词词义辨析。shape影响……的发展;switch改变,转换;stretch伸展;sharpen加剧,使尖锐。A项符合题意。故选A项。
题组Ⅳ
1.C 句意:他被告知由于他的学术背景,他没有资格获得奖学金。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,题干中所陈述的是事实。可以这样理解,学术背景是既定事实,短期内可能无法改变,所以用一般现在时表达更贴切。
2.B 句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气中通常用were。当if虚拟条件句中省略了if时,从句部分应使用倒装结构,故选择B项。
3.B 句意:在艺术评论中,你必须假设艺术家在作品中都会隐藏一个秘密的信息。本题考查非谓语动词。message与hide之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,且表示动作已完成,应用过去分词形式。不定式表示将来的动作,故排除A项;现在分词表示主动关系,故排除C项;D项虽表示被动,但表示正在进行,也可排除。本题语境比较简单,不难理解。
4.D 句意:——发生什么事了?你们的老板好像大发雷霆了。——难道你不知道他的秘书把那份秘密报告泄露给了新闻媒体吗?考查英语习语。fly off the handle大发雷霆。符合语境。be over the moon 高兴极了。laugh one’s head off狂笑不已。be all ears全神贯注地听。
5.D 句意:有些人受到成功需求的激励,而有些人则是受到害怕失败的激励。考查连词。while而,然而,用来表示两件事物的对比。because引导原因状语从句,if和unless引导条件状语从句。
6.D 句意:正如所报道的那样,吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句。it和what不能引导定语从句,排除A、C两项;which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句,当表示“正如”的含义时,常用as引导定语从句。故选D项。区分which和as引导的定语从句是定语从句中的一个难点,考生除了要学会分析句子结构,还要正确理解句意。
7.D 句意:坐船是到达这里的唯一方式,这也是我们如何到达这里的。考查表语从句。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中设空处引导的是表语从句,结合语境和By boat可知,此处表达的是到达这里的方式,所以要用how引导。
8.C 句意:我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元,这是其之前要价的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语,故用what引导。
9.D 句意:大山学习中国传统喜剧形式——相声已经几十年了,他想把它与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。根据句意以及for decades可知,“学习”这一动作从过去一直延续到了现在,并且现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时;主语Dashan为第三人称单数,故答案选D。
10.B 句意:有些学校将不得不作出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持一致。本题考查名词词义辨析。adjustment调整;judgment评判;comment评论;achievement成就。根据句意可知选B项。足球改革是一个热门话题,本题语境富有时代气息。备选项都为考生所熟悉的词汇,意义区分也非常明显,考生根据语境不难选出正确答案。
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