近五年高考語法真題專練：代詞、介詞和介詞短語（含解析）

今天起，小浙老師要為同學們推出一個全新的語法專題：近五年高考語法真題專練，

2018年高考題

1.【2018·北京】14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.

—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.

A. for B. on C. in D. at

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞。句意：——早上好，Lee先生辦公室。——早上好。我想預約下週三下午（和Mr. Lee見面）。make an appointment for意為“為……預約”，是固定搭配，故A選項正確。

點睛：make an appointment with sb.和某人預約；make an appointment for為……預約。

2.【2018·天津】11. Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.

A. at first B. after all C. above all D. at random

【答案】B

3.【2018·江蘇】33. China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.

A. in line with B. in reply to C. in return for D. in honour of

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：中國的軟實力增長與日俱增全球對中國的賞識和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；與...一致；B. in reply to答覆；C. in return for作為 ... 的報酬；D. in honour of為紀念。故選A。

2017年高考題

【2017·天津卷】12. When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _____ trees that are over 1,000 years old.

A. among B. against C. behind D. below

【答案】A

【解析】

試題分析： 句意：當你開車穿過加州的紅木森林時，你將會位於超過百年曆史的樹木之間。 be among 位於之間； be against 反對； be behind 在後面； be below在之下。根據句意，故選A。

考點：考查介詞辨析。

【2017·天津卷】13. We offer an excellent education to our students. ________, we expect students to word hard.

A. On average B. At best C. in return D. After all

【答案】C

【2017·江蘇卷】32.Determining where we are _______ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.

A. in contrast to B. in defense of

C. in face of D. in relation to

【答案】D

【解析】

試題分析：考查介詞短語的辨析。A. in contrast to對比，截然不同；B. in defense of為……辯護；C. in face of面對；D. in relation to與……有關。句意：根據周圍的環境辨別方位仍然是我們生存的一項極其重要的 技能。故選D。

【2017·北京卷】35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.

A. at B. in C. on D. by

【答案】B

試題分析：許多住在海邊上的人都是靠漁業來謀生的。此處用介詞in,不用by,因為by後面通常接做什麼事情來謀生，此處是指在捕魚這個行業裡，在這個行業裡謀生，用in，故選B。

2016年高考題

1.【2016·天津】2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.

A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach

【答案】B

2.【2016·浙江】3. In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK.

A. that B. this C. one D. it

【答案】A

【解析】

試題分析：句意：在很多方面，美國的教育體系和英國的教育體系很不相同。指代上文的名詞education system，用that，而且後面有介詞短語作後置定語。This表示“近指”，one是泛指可數名詞單數，it是特指上文提到的名詞。故選A。

3.【2016·浙江】6.That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he's reliable.

A. Or else B. In short C. By the way D. For one thing

【答案】B

4.【2016·浙江】7. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.

A. on B. in C. at D. about

【答案】B

【解析】

試題分析：句意：研究表明我們成長的文化影響我們看周圍世界的基本過程。The cultures後面是定語從句，省略that，定語從句中cultures作賓語，那麼還缺少一個介詞，和cultures搭配用介詞in，故選B。

5.【2016·浙江】18. I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming years

A. little more B. no more C.much more D.many more

【答案】D

【解析】

試題分析：句意：我一直很喜歡你組織的所有的活動並且希望在未來的幾年裡參加更多的活動。A.沒有這個搭配；B.不再；C.多得多（修飾不可數名詞）；D. many more更多（修飾可數名詞）。這裡修飾的是上文的activities。故選D。

2015年高考題

1.【2015·重慶】2. The meeting will be held in September, but____ knows the date for sure.

A. everybody B. nobody C. anybody D. somebody

【答案】B

【解析】

試題分析：句意：會議將在九月舉行，但沒有人知道確切的日期。根據but表達轉折可知沒有人知道，故選B項。

2.【2015·重慶】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.

A. below B. on C. at D. above

【答案】D

3.【2015·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?

A. about B. to C. with D. over

【答案】 B

4.【2015·浙江】12. How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

A. them B. one C. those D. it

【答案】D

【解析】

試題分析：句意：當你正在看一個你喜歡的節目時，突然有個人進來，一聲不吭地關掉電視，你會怎麼想？It作形式賓語，指代If後面的句子。該句涉及到了一個疑問句，一個條件狀語從句（if）和兩個並列句(and)。這當時應該先把它轉化為陳述句you would like______.分析句子結構知道like之後缺少一個賓語，需要一個賓格代詞充當，所以答案選it。

5.【2015·浙江】17. These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of

【答案】B

【解析】

試題分析：句意：這些評論是對某些經常被當地新聞人問到的問題的回應。A. in memory of 意為紀念， B. in response to意為回應，C. in touch with意為聯繫，D. in possession of意為擁有。分析句子成分知道空格處充當介詞短語作狀語的作用，根據常識和句意，評論應該是對問題的回應。所以答案應該是B. in response to回應。

2014年高考題

1.【2014·全國大綱卷】25.—Who’s that at the door?

—is the milkman.

A. He B. It C. This D. That

【答案】B

2.【2014·全國大綱卷】28.I think Mrs. Stark could be _______ between 50 and 60 years of age.

A. anywhere B. anybody C. anyhow D. anything

【答案】A

3.【2014·重慶卷】1. A smile costs _______, but gives much.

A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything

【答案】C

【解析】

試題分析：句意：微笑是無需付出任何成本的。該句中的but一詞構成前後語義矛盾，“微笑不花錢，但卻給予他人很多。nothing與much形成語義對比。故本題選擇C項。cost nothing意為“無需付出”。

4.【2014·山東卷】4. Susan made______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

A. that B. this C. it D. her

【答案】C

【解析】

試題分析：這是一個賓語從句，make的賓語是that引導的句子，在本句中用it做形式賓語代指that引導的賓語從句。句意為：Susan向我表明她希望能過上新的生活。故答案選C。

5.【2014·江西卷】32. ---When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon?

----___. I’ll be in all day.

A. Any B. None C. Neither D. Either

【答案】D

6.【2014·四川卷】1. She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ______ and moved to Cambridge.

A. both B. neither C. none D. either

【答案】B

【解析】

試題分析: A；兩者都；B兩者都不；C三者或以上都不；D兩個中的任意一個。根據句中出現的兩個地點London和Manchester可知此處指兩者，排除C選項；而根據but後的內容可知她兩個城市都不喜歡，故答案選B。句意：她在倫敦和曼徹斯特住過，但是這兩個城市她都不喜歡，所以就搬到了劍橋。

7.【2014·福建卷】21. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in , knives and forks.

A. another B. others C. both D. all

【答案】B

【解析】

試題分析： Some… others是固定用法，意思是一些…另一些…。這裡表示“一些國家……， 另一些國家。Another又一個；both兩者都；all全部。所以選B。句意：在一些國家，人們用筷子吃飯，然而在另一些國家，人們用刀子和叉子。

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