1、焊接種類Varieties of Welding
電弧焊arc welding
電熔焊electric fusion welding (EFW)
氣熔焊fusion gas welding (FGW)
電阻焊electric resistance welding (ERW)
有保護的金屬電弧焊shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
手工或自動隋性氣體保護鎢極電弧焊manual and automatic inert gas tungsten arc
welding (GTAW)
自動埋弧焊automatic submerged arc welding
金屬極隋性氣體保護電弧焊gas metal arc weiding (GMAW)
氬弧焊argon-arc welding ，
氣體保護電弧焊gas-shielded arc welding
氣焊gas welding; flame welding
等離子焊plasma welding
硬釺焊braze welding
電渣焊electroslag welding
爆炸焊explosive welding
2、焊接形式Type of Welding
角焊fillet welding
間斷焊intermittent welding
點焊spot welding
對焊butt welding
搭焊lap welding
塞焊plug welding
珠焊bead welding
槽焊slot welding
堆焊build up welding
墊板焊backing weld
坡口groove
V 形坡口V groove
單面U 形坡口single U groove
K 形坡口double bevel groove
X 形坡口double V groove
雙面U 形坡口double U groove
U-V 組合坡口combination U and V groove
根部間隙root gap
焊接符號symbol of weld
錯邊量alignment tolerance
3、焊接位置Welding Position
仰焊overhead welding
現場焊field weld (F.W.)
封底焊back run welding
立焊vertical welding
平焊flat welding
工廠（車間）焊接shop weld
定位焊tack weld
跳焊skip welding
節距pitch
4、焊接缺陷Defects of Welding
焊接裂紋weld crack
根部裂紋root crack
微裂紋micro crack
錯位mismatch
弧坑pit; crater
焊穿burn through
夾渣slag inclusion
咬邊；咬肉undercut
焊瘤overlap
氣孔porosity, blow hole
砂眼blister
針孔pin hole
嚴重飛濺excessive spatter
未溶合incomplete fusion; lack of fusion
根部未焊透incomplete penetration
5、其它
母材；基層金屬base metal
預熱preheating
熱影響區heat affected zone (HAZ)
焊條welding electrode (rod)
焊絲welding wire
焊藥（劑） flux
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