秋天來了,一些負責小情緒會不由自主地出現,怎麼表達呢?

一個人的心情不可能每天都一樣,多多少少會有著變化。不管開心與否,也不要急著給它們下定義。

秋天来了,一些负责小情绪会不由自主地出现,怎么表达呢?

一些進化心理學家指出,有六種情緒(快樂、悲傷、恐懼、反感、生氣、驚訝)是所有人有完全一樣的表達方式,因此,這幾種基本情緒就代表了堆疊出我們整個情緒生活的幾種積木。

如果你們用這種方式來看情緒,情緒看起來就會像簡單的反射:它是由外在困境所觸發,它是與生俱來的,它是用來保護我們不受傷害的。

不過,在秋天裡,由於環境的變化,總是讓人產生一些負面的情緒,從混混欲睡、心煩意亂,到除了鬱悶不堪,甚至心生絕望。 這些emontions其實有相應的英文表達的。

1、Mood 心境,情緒

通常,mood屬於一箇中性詞,相對比較客觀。在《柯林斯英語詞典》裡,mood更多時候是指一種feeling,如:

Your mood is the way you are feeling at a particular time. If you are in a good mood, you feel cheerful. If you are in a bad mood, you feel angry and impatient.

因此,要具體表達情緒變化或狀況時,要在其前加上修飾性形容詞,如bad或foul等。

例句:

Today I am in bad mood.

今天我心情不好。

When he came back, he was in a foul mood.

他回來時,心情糟透了。

I am in no mood for joking.

我沒心情開玩笑。

(注意mood的多種用法, in no mood 表示“沒心情”,是個固定短語。)

不過,與in no mood的搭配類似, in a mood也直接表示“壞心情;壞脾氣”, 如:

If someone is in a mood, the way they are behaving shows that they are feeling angry and impatient.

例句:

She was obviously in a mood.

她顯然情緒不佳。

2、Upset 心煩的;不安的

Upset一詞更多地時候描述的是有讓人不愉的事情發生後,人們產生的相應感覺。如《柯林斯英語詞典》的解釋:

If you are upset, you are unhappy or disappointed because something unpleasant has happened to you.

例句:

I got upset when I heard the news.

當聽到這消息的時候,我感到不安。

After she died I felt very, very upset.

她去世之後,我非常非常難過。

特別是當有事情讓人心情不好,心煩意亂時,upset就更為合適來表達了。

If something upsets you, it makes you feel worried or unhappy.

例句:

The whole incident had upset me and my fiancee terribly...

整個事件搞得我和未婚妻都心煩意亂。

She warned me not to say anything to upset him...

她警告我不要說任何讓他不高興的話。

秋天来了,一些负责小情绪会不由自主地出现,怎么表达呢?

3、angry 生氣

Angry作為一種負面情緒,只是針對一些讓人不愉快的事物而產生的反應,而程度並不是很激烈。如《柯林斯英語詞典》的解釋:

When you are angry, you feel strong dislike or impatience about something.

例句:

She had been very angry at the person who stole her new bike...

她很生氣有人偷走了她的新自行車。

Are you angry with me for some reason?.

你是因為什麼原因在生我的氣嗎?

同時,作為一個形容詞,更多地是展現這種情緒:

Sarah came forward with a tight and angry face.

薩拉走上前來,緊繃著臉,怒氣衝衝。

在口語中,比angry程度更高的詞是mad,即

If you say that someone is mad, you mean that they are very angry.

例句:

You're just mad at me because I don't want to go.

因為我不想去,你就對我火冒三丈。

I'm pretty mad about it, I can tell you.

告訴你,我對這件事感到非常惱火。

4、indignant 憤怒的、憤慨的

這個詞是在人受到了強烈的刺激之後產生的一種負責情緒。 如《柯林斯英語詞典》的解釋:

If you are indignant, you are shocked and angry, because you think that something is unjust or unfair.

例句:

He is indignant at suggestions that they were secret agents.

有人暗示他們可能是特務,這讓他非常氣憤。

MPs were indignant that the government had not consulted them...

政府沒有事先徵求他們的意見,下院議員們感到很憤怒。

She was very indignant at the way she had been treated.

她對於自己受到的待遇大為光火。

5、Despair 絕望,使人絕望的人或事物

Despair這個詞就偏向極端的負面情緒(feeling)了。 《柯林斯英語詞典》中的解釋是:

Despair is the feeling that everything is wrong and that nothing will improve.

例句:

Despair overwhelmed me.

絕望控制了我.

She was in the depth of despair.

她當時正處於最絕望的時候。

在作動詞裡,despair讓人有一種“無可挽回”的感覺:

If you despair, you feel that everything is wrong and that nothing will improve.

例句:

He does despair at much of the press criticism.

面對媒體的諸多批評他的確感到絕望。

而despair of 表示“喪失信心;對....絕望”,是常用短語, 如:

If you despair of something, you feel that there is no hope that it will happen or improve. If you despair of someone, you feel that there is no hope that they will improve.

例句:

He wished to earn a living through writing but despaired of doing so.

他想通過寫作來謀生,不過他對此不抱希望。

6、Devastated 在感情上(精神上、財務上等)壓垮

Devasted一詞更多地是指負面情緒徹底佔領人的意識,如其動詞devaste所表達的一樣,damage very badly or destroy totally.

例句:

The old man is definitely devastated.

這老人完全崩潰了。

Bishop Daly said he was devastated by news of the Cardinal's death.

戴利主教說他聽到紅衣主教去世的消息後感到極為震驚和難過。

Teresa was devastated, her dreams shattered.

特雷莎傷心欲絕——她的夢想徹底破滅了。


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