经济学人|女儿本应一马当先

经济学人|女儿本应一马当先

女性,在职场总是会受到各类有形无形的歧视,然而事实上女性在很多领域的价值是不逊于甚至胜过男性的,今天我们来看一下在风险投资中女性有怎样的特别影响……

Venture capital---Girl power

风险资本——女孩力量

How having a daughter boosts investors’ returns

拥有一个女儿将如何提升投资者回报

【1】RICHARD NESBITT, a former chief operating officer at the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, has long been an evangelist for women in business. In “Results at the Top”, a book he wrote with Barbara Annis, he describes his efforts to convince men to promote women. When speaking to bosses, he stresses data showing that companies with more senior women are more successful. But he has noticed that men with daughters tend to be more receptive to his message. At least for venture-capital (VC) firms, recent research confirms this observation, as well as the assertion that gender diversity

boosts performance.

chief:[tʃiːf] n.首领;酋长;族长;头目 adj.最重要的;首要的;主要的;最高级别的

evangelist:[ɪˈvændʒəlɪst] n.福音传教士;圣经新约福音书的作者,福音传道者

convince:[kən'vɪns] v.说服;使确信;使相信;使信服

receptive:[rɪ'septɪv] adj.善于接受的;能容纳的;有接受力的;感受的,感官的

assertion:[əˈsɜ:rʃn] n.主张;声称;使用;明确肯定

I shall try to justify this assertion.

我将试图证明这种看法。

gender:['dʒendər] n.性别(尤指社会和文化差异,而非生理差异)

diversity:[daɪ'vɜrsəti] n.多样性;多样化;差异(性);不同(点)

boost:[bust] n.提高;增长;帮助;激励 v.使增长;使兴旺;偷窃

理查德•内斯比特是加拿大帝国商业银行的前任首席运营官,他一直是商界从业女性的支持者。在与芭芭拉•安妮丝合著的《顶级成就》一书中,他讲述了自己为说服男性给女性升职而做过的各种努力。在与各家企业负责人的交流过程中,他强调,有数据显示,一家有更多女性高管的企业会更为成功一些。不过,他也指出,有女儿的男性更乐于接受他的这种观点。至少对于风投机构来说,最新的一项研究支持这种观点,同时还肯定性别多样性会提升企业业绩表现。

[2]Paul Gompers and Sophie Wang at Harvard University wanted to determine whether VC firms with more women managers do better. Answering this question is tricky—firms that hire more women may have other characteristics that lead to success. VC investing remains a predominantly male activity. In the authors’ sample of 988 VC funds in 301 firms, around 8% of new hires were women. Very few firms hired more than one-woman manager. Managing partners who hire more women may be less hidebound byconvention—a good trait for someone investing in innovative technologies. The authors needed a way to measure the impact of women on success independent of other factors.Ideally, a random factor would influence the number of women hired by a firm. The authors looked at the number of daughters among partners’ children.

tricky

:['trɪki] adj.难办的;难对付的;狡猾的;诡计多端的

characteristic:[ˌkærɪktə'rɪstɪk] n. 特点;特性;特色 adj. 典型的;特有的

Kindness is one of his characteristics.

和善是他的特性之一。

predominantly:[prɪˈdɑ:mɪnəntli] adv.占主导地位地;显著地;占优势地

Vancouver is predominantly a service center.

温哥华主要是一个服务中心。

male:[meɪl] n.男性;雄性;雄株 adj.男性的;雄性的;男的

hidebound:['haɪd.baʊnd] adj.守旧的;迂腐的

convention:[kən'venʃ(ə)n] n.习俗;惯例;协定;常规

trait:[treɪt] n.特点;特性

innovative:['ɪnə.veɪtɪv] adj.引进新思想的;采用新方法的;革新的;创新的

ideally:[aɪ'dɪəli] adv.最好;按理想来说;尽善尽美地

哈佛大学的保罗•甘普士和苏菲•王希望能确定有更多女投资经理的风投机构,是否会有更好的业绩。这个问题很难回答——女员工更多的机构拥有一些其他的特点,也能带来成功。风险投资仍然是一项男性占主导地位的活动。在两位研究人员从301家风投机构里提取的988个风投基金样本中,大约有8%的新招员工是女性。极少数机构有一位以上的女投资经理人。招更多女员工的执行合作人可能不太受成见的约束——对投资创新技术的投资人来说,这是一种好的特征。两位研究人员要找到一种办法,衡量排除其他因素后女性对投资成功的影响。在理想状态下,随机因素会影响企业招收女性员工的数量。两位研究人员研究了合伙人的子女中女儿的数量。

[3]Parenthood changes perspectives. VC partners with one extra daughter rather than an extra son employed on average almost two percentage points more women managers. This led to a 24% higher probability that a firm would have a senior female manager. The researchers reasoned that a link between daughters and success could be attributed to a greater number of women managers.

parenthood:[ˈperənthʊd] n.亲子关系;父母身分

perspective:[pər'spektɪv] n.观点;远景;前途 adj.(按照)透视画法的;透视的

attribute:[ˈætrɪˌbjuːt] n.属性;象征 v.把…归因于;认为…属于;认为某人(某物)具有某种特性

为人父母会使人的视野产生变化。在风投合伙人中,有一个女儿的合作人平均雇佣的女经理人的数量比有一个儿子的合作人多2%。这就使得一个风投机构有女高管的机率增加了24%。研究者的解释是,有女儿与投资成功之间的关联性得益于更多的女经理人。

[4]A firm where a partner has an extra daughter rather than an extra son had a 2.9% higher chance that its deals would be a success (defined as an initial public offering or other profitable sale of a company the firm had backed). Such firms also have higher internal rates of return. Hiring women is indeed a sound business strategy.

profitable:[ˈprɒfɪtəbl] adj.有利可图的,有益的;可赚钱的,合算的

sound:[saʊnd]

含义1:adj. 健全的;合理的

A sound mind is in a sound body.

有健康的身体,才有健全的心理。完好的,无损的;明智的

含义2:v. 听起来;感觉起来;发出声音;发音

You sound a little down in dumps.

你听起来好象情绪有点低落。

sound like 听起来像

What he said sounded like a fairy-tale.

他说的听上去简直像一篇童话。

sound out

试探意见,探听口气

He will sound them out for us.

他会为我们试探一下他们的看法的。

含义3:n.声音,声响;音调,声调

Sound travels slower than light.

声音比光走得慢。

含义4:adv. 酣畅地

He slept sound in his mother's cradle song.

他在母亲唱的摇篮曲中酣然入睡。

在一个风投机构里,有女儿的合伙人的投资成功率比有儿子的高2.9%(成功的标准是首次公开发售,或企业支持的其他公司销售利润额)。这种风投企业的内部投资回报率也更高。的确,招收女性员工是一个非常好的企业策略。

[5]Mr Nesbitt notes that this finding matches one of the main arguments of his book. Gender diversity in business increases diversity of thought, which leads to better decisions. He adds that, on its own, the paper is unlikely to lead to more women in executive offices. To achieve that, men need not only to accept the case for women intellectually, but to acknowledge that they personally need to act to promote them. Ideally, that should not take the birth of a daughter.

acknowledge:[əkˈnɑ:lɪdʒ] vt.承认;鸣谢;对…打招呼;告知已收到

We acknowledged the need for reform.

我们承认改革的需要。

同义词辨析

acknowledge, admit, confess, own

这四个词都有“公开承认”的意思。其区别是:

1.acknowledge和admit所承认的是不对的或不光彩的事实; confess指承认“错误及罪行”; own承认的不一定是“错误及罪行”,只是一般地表明自己的感觉及处境。

2.acknowledge强调在一定压力下承认, admit强调勉强承认。

3.acknowledge所承认的一般是隐蔽的, admit, confess和own所承认的不一定是隐蔽的。

4.confess语气上较强,属正式语体; own则不如confess正式。

acknowledge, recognize这两个词都有“承认”的意思,常可互换使用。其区别是:

1.recognize一般指认可某一现象存在; acknowledge一般指承认某一事件真实。

2.recognize还可指“承认”某一国家具有合法性; acknowledge还可指在一定压力下向大家公开承认某件隐私或不光彩的事实。

3.recognize还有“认出,认识到”的意思;acknowledge还可表示“感谢”。

内斯比特强调,这个研究发现与他书中的主要观点是一致的。企业内部的性别多样性会提升思想观念的多样性,而这能实现决策更优。他还表示,从根本上来说,这篇研究报告不可能让更多的女性走向高管的岗位。要实现这种情况,男性不仅需要从思想上接受针对女性的投资项目,同时也要承认自己需要采取行动,提升女员工的职位。理想情况是,这些行为应与是否生有女儿无关。

一个懂得欣赏并挖掘女员工潜力,不受传统偏见束缚的老板,无论在哪个领域都是卓越的。然而正如文中所说,风投仍然是男性主导,这样的老板事实上也还很稀缺,职场女性自身更应该努力,意识到自己的力量,并勇于表现和证明自己,创造出更大的价值,并争取应得的地位。

经济学人|女儿本应一马当先

英文原文:

http://www.economist.com

讲解:霞姐 / Tiassa / Angel

编排 / 校对:Angel

经济学人|女儿本应一马当先


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