2018年6月20日，《華盛頓郵報》發表文章“特朗普說貿易戰很容易，這是美國第一批傷亡名單”。現中英雙語編譯如下僅供參考，英文原文請點擊“閱讀原文”，文章版權歸原作者所有，觀點不代表本機構立場。
President Trump believes that “trade wars are good, and easy to win.” So he started one.
Now the casualties are beginning to return home from the battlefield, and on Capitol Hill Wednesday, the people’s representatives presented some of them to Wilbur Ross, the president’s billionaire commerce secretary.
特朗普總統相信“貿易戰是好的，而且很容易贏”。於是他開始了一場貿易戰。
現在，戰場上的傷亡人員開始送回家園。週三在國會山，其中一些人被介紹給了商務部長、億萬富翁威爾伯•羅斯(Wilbur Ross)。
“Corn, wheat, beef and pork are all suffering market price declines . . . due to current trade policies,” complained Sen. John Thune (S.D.). “With every passing day, the United States loses market share to other countries.”
Sen. Charles E. Grassley (Iowa) said “we watched the soybean market start to collapse” because of trade-war concerns.
“玉米、小麥、牛肉和豬肉的市場價格都在下跌……”南卡羅來納州參議員約翰·圖恩(John Thune)抱怨道“由於目前的貿易政策，每過一天，美國的市場份額就會輸給其他國家。”愛荷華州參議員格拉斯利(Charles E. Grassley)說，出於貿易戰的考慮，“我們看到大豆市場開始崩潰”。
Sen. Rob Portman (Ohio) warned about steel and auto producers in Ohio, “hit harder than any other state by the Canadian retaliatory tariffs.”
From Pennsylvania, Sen. Patrick J. Toomey cautioned that Kraft-Heinz may move its ketchup production to Canada to avoid retaliatory tariffs.
俄亥俄州參議員羅布·波特曼(Rob Portman)警告說，俄亥俄州的鋼鐵和汽車生產商“受到加拿大報復性關稅的打擊比其他任何州都嚴重”。
賓夕法尼亞州參議員帕特里克j圖米(Patrick J. Toomey)警告說，亨氏(Kraft-Heinz)可能會將番茄醬生產轉移到加拿大，以避免報復性關稅。
Sen. Johnny Isakson (Ga.) put in a plea over Coca-Cola’s rising aluminum can costs.
Sen. Orrin G. Hatch of Utah warned that contracts have dried up for a steel fabricator in his state because of the tariffs, and “multibillion-dollar investments for new manufacturing plants that employ thousands of workers are also being put at risk.”
And those were just the Republicans on the Senate Finance Committee.
佐治亞州參議員約翰尼·伊薩克森(Johnny Isakson)就可口可樂(Coca-Cola)不斷上漲的鋁罐成本提出了申訴。
猶他州參議員奧林g哈奇(Orrin G. Hatch)警告說，由於關稅的限制，該州一家鋼鐵製造商的合同已經枯竭，“對僱傭數千名工人的新制造廠的數十億美元投資也面臨風險。”
這還只是參議院財政委員會的共和黨人。
Ross, 80 , wears eyeglasses and a hearing aid, but he didn’t need either to see and feel the bipartisan anger, and the fear among Republicans, about the damage Trump’s incipient trade war is already doing to steel users, seafood businesses, cherry and potato farmers, ranchers, uranium producers, newsprint users, brewers — you name it. Even lawmakers sympathetic to Trump’s aim of cracking down on China were aghast at the clumsy way the policy is being administered, the cumbersome exemption process, and the bizarre justifications of the policy that declare Canada a national-security risk but give favorable treatment to a Chinese company accused of espionage against the United States.
年屆八旬的羅斯戴著眼鏡和助聽器,但他不需要看就能感覺到兩黨的憤怒、共和黨的恐懼，特朗普貿易戰的第一波受傷者隨口就可以說出：鋼鐵用戶,海鮮生意,櫻桃和土豆的農民、牧場主,生產商,新聞紙用戶,啤酒等等。
Trade war is hell. But the plutocratic commerce secretary was not troubled. Ross’s answer to the senators’ pleas for their constituents: Let them eat cake.
When Thune warned that the drop in soybean prices (caused by China’s retaliatory tariffs) was costing South Dakota soybean farmers hundreds of millions of dollars, Ross responded by saying he heard the price drop “has been exaggerated.”
貿易戰爭是地獄。但這位富豪商務部長並不擔心。羅斯對參議員們這樣答覆選民的請求:“他們可以吃蛋糕啊。”
當說到大豆價格的下跌(由中國的報復性關稅引起)使南達科他州的大豆農民損失了數億美元時，羅斯回應說“誇張!”
When the committee’s ranking Democrat, Sen. Ron Wyden ( Ore.), told Ross the administration is woefully behind in granting exemptions, Ross said Wyden would learn otherwise if he did his “homework.”
Ross told Sen. Mike Enzi (R-Wyo.) that he’s heard the rising cost of newsprint for rural newspapers “is a very trivial thing,” and he told Sen. Benjamin L. Cardin (D-Md.) that it’s tough luck if small businesses don’t have lawyers to apply for exemptions: “It’s not our fault if people file late.”
資深民主黨人，參議員羅恩·懷登(俄勒岡州)告訴羅斯，政府在給予豁免的時候非常落後，羅斯說，如果懷登做了“家庭作業”他就會明白了。
羅斯告訴參議員麥克·恩茲(R-Wyo)。他聽到新聞紙成本上升”是一個正常的事情,”他告訴參議員本傑明·l·卡丹，如果小企業沒有律師申請豁免只是運氣不好:“如果人們文件交遲了，這不能怪我。”
Asked by Sen. Michael F. Bennet (D-Colo.) what the administration would do to help American farmers and ranchers, Ross told him “I’m not in detail familiar with all of the tools” and let the senator know that “we have no control over what another country does in retaliation.”
Ross further claimed to the lawmakers that the huge spike in steel prices “is not a result of the tariff” but of “antisocial behavior by participants in the industry” — behavior triggered by the tariffs. He justified tariffs on Canadian steel for national-security reasons, though the United States has a steel-trade surplus with Canada, by saying the concern is about transshipments of Chinese steel through Canada — yet he admitted “we do not have definitive data” about such shipments.
參議員邁克爾·f·班納特問，美國政府將怎樣幫助農民和牧場主,羅斯告訴他“我不是對所有工具的細節都很清楚”，“我們無法控制另一個國家怎麼報復我們”
羅斯進一步聲稱,鋼鐵價格大幅飆升”不是關稅的結果”,而是“工業部門中的反社會行為者”引發的。他堅持說以國家安全為由對加拿大加徵鋼鐵關稅是對的，儘管美國對加拿大的鋼鐵貿易保持順差,他所擔憂的是中國鋼鐵經由加拿大轉口進入美國——但他承認“我們沒有明確的數據”。
The cavalier performance — much like when he held a can of Campbell’s soup on TV and asked “who in the world is going to be bothered” by an increase in steel prices for the can — did not play well.
“The car isn’t a can of soup. It’s not a can of soup, Mr. Secretary,” said Hatch.
Grassley told Ross “it sounds to me like we’ve got a government-run mercantilist economy, as opposed to a free-market economy.”
Toomey told Ross that “we’re picking winners and losers and probably resulting, in my view, in the risk of far more jobs lost than jobs are going to be gained.”
他漫不經心的就像在電視裡拿著一罐金寶湯罐頭，說“世界上誰會為罐頭漲價而煩惱呢”。
“車不是金寶湯罐頭。這不是一罐湯，部長先生，”哈奇說。
格拉斯利對羅斯說:“在我看來，我們擁有的是政府管控的重商主義，而不是自由市場經濟。”
圖米對羅斯說:“我們在挑選贏家和輸家，這很可能會導致更多的工作崗位流失，而不是就業崗位的增加。”
But what does Ross care? He’s a winner. Forbes reported on the eve of the hearing that, for most of last year, he maintained stakes in companies co-owned by the Chinese government, a shipping firm tied to Russian President Vladimir Putin (Ross shorted the company’s stock right before his connection to the business was reported last fall) and a bank reportedly caught up in the investigation being conducted by special counsel Robert S. Mueller III.
Asked whether he believed, as several of the senators did, that the United States is in a trade war, Ross was breezy: “As the president has often said, we’ve been at a trade war forever. The difference is that now our troops are coming to the ramparts.”
And they are beginning to take heavy casualties.
羅斯在乎什麼?他是贏家。根據福布斯的報告，他過去的一段時間裡持有一家中國政府參股公司的股份，一家與俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾•普京(Vladimir Putin)有關聯的航運公司的股票(羅斯在去年秋天報道他與該公司有關聯之前，就做空了該公司的股票)，以及一家捲入了特別法律顧問羅伯特穆勒三世調查中的銀行的股份。
當被問及他是否像一些參議員那樣相信美國正在打貿易戰時，羅斯很輕鬆:“正如總統經常說的那樣，我們永遠都在打貿易戰。不同的是，我們的軍隊現在打到了城牆之下。”
他們開始遭受重大傷亡。
（全文完）
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