河南省2019年普通高等學校專科畢業生進入本科階段學習考試
公共英語
注意事項：
答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考場號、座位號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。
本卷的試題答案必須答在答題卡上，答在試卷上無效。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure (1×40)
Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. It was essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline.
A. must be sent B. would be sent
C. be sent D. were sent
2. Rice _____ in the south of China while wheat in the north.
A. plants B. are planted C. is planted D. plant
3. When we arrived at the station, the train _____.
A. already pulled out B. pulled out already
C. has already pulled out D. had already pulled out
4. The storm did a lot of _____ and caused many _____.
A. damage; death B. damages; deaths
C. damage; deaths D. damages; death
5. _____ surprised me most was _____ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That; what B. That; that
C. What; that D. What; what
6. By the time you get back next month, I _____ my thesis.
A. have finished B. finish C. will finish D. will have finished
7. _____, I went back to my dormitory unhappy in the evening.
A. With anything done B. With something doing
C. With nothing done D. With nothing having done
8. In terms of artistic value, it is hard to say that one country’s art form is greater than _____ of another.
A. that B. one C. it D. this
9. I’d like to work abroad to _____ my horizons.
A. increase B. open C. broaden D. extend
10. You’re going to England next year. You should now practice _____ English as much as possible.
A. to say B. to speak C. saying D. speaking
11. Mrs. Brown is supposed _____ for Italy last week.
A. to have left B. to be leaving
C. to leave D. to have been left
12. Mary _____ like to surf the Internet. She often spends hours online.
A. did B. does C. do D. is
13. The reason why he failed the exam is _____ he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
14. Radio, television and press are_____of conveying news and information.
A. the most three common means B. the three most common means
C. the most common three means D. three the most common means
15. Backward technologically _____ we are for the moment, we have faith in our ability to catch up with the developed countries in time.
A. as B. if C. so D. that
16. Once he starts talking about ancient China, _____.
A. there is no stopping of him B. he is not stopped
C. there is no stopping him D. it is no stopping him
17. _____ it is to have a cold drink on a hot day！
A. What a great fun B. How great fun
C. What great fun D. How a great fun
18. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic rules.
A. having been fined B. to have been fined
C. to be fined D. being fined
19. I shall never forget those years _____ I lived on the farm with the farmers.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
20. They still have some problems _____ in designing the new energy vehicles.
A. overcome B. overcoming
C. to overcome D. overcame
21. Let us go somewhere where we can talk without interruption, _____?
A. don’t you B. will you
C. won’t you D. shall we
22. Without appropriate software, a computer _____ merely an empty box.
A. would become B. will become
C. would have become D. had become
23. We should try our best to do _____ is worth doing.
A. whatever B. no matter what
C. however D. whichever
24. By law, personal _____ of guns is illegal in China.
A. wealth B. possession C. need D. property
25. We should not _____ small mistakes, or they might lead to big accidents.
A. hurt B. ignore C. recover D. damage
26. The report shows that over half of the women suffer _____ second-hand smoke in the workplace.
A. in B. for C. on D. from
27. _____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After
C. Although D. As soon as
28. John resigned and _____ his power to a young colleague.
A. handed in B. handed out
C. handed down D. handed over
29. Other people’s help would be _____ valuable to him who is at present in trouble.
A. extremely B. exclusively
C. extensively D. excessively
30. The book covers a wide _____ of topics on international politics.
A. range B. number
C. collection D. amount
31. She was appointed _____ head of a project last year, and her winning an international award is _____ honour for her company.
A. /; an B. the; an
C. a; the D. /; /
32. China, in company with other peace-loving countries, has consistently stood for the complete _____ of the use of nuclear weapons.
A. declaration B. inspiration
C. prohibition D. recognition
33. He’ll always be _____ to you for what you’ve done.
A. peaceful B. secure C. grateful D. friendly
34. _____ office buildings and homes developed large cracks in walls and ceilings in the area.
A. Hundred of B. Three hundreds of
C. Hundreds of D. Three hundreds
35. Before he fell into the river, he took hold of a small tree on the bank by _____.
A. inspiration B. instance C. instinct D. instruction
36. The construction of a highway will _____ the growth of the suburbs.
A. result from B. distribute to
C. contribute to D. devote to
37. Such a reliable person as him won’t make _____ promises.
A. bare B. empty C. blank D. vacant
38. Roger trained hard for the match for months, but unfortunately, he had to _____ due to a knee injury.
A. pull out B. work out
C. try out D. give out
39. The government has lost a great deal of _____ because of the large increase in food price.
A. strength B. support C. agreement D. vote
40. The hall of the middle school was not _____ to accommodate all the students.
A. big enough B. enough big
C. very small D. very big
Part Ⅱ Cloze (1×20)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each of the blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the __41__ of these he puts further questions, and so on.
For most of the time this “conversation” goes on __42__ the level of consciousness. At times, __43__, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running __44__ difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __45__ and meaning. When successful matching is being __46__, our questioning of the text __47__ at the unconscious level.
Different people converse __48__ the text differently. Some stay very __49__ to the words on the page; __50__ take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The __51__ represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents __52__ levels of comprehension. The __53__ between these is important, especially for the advanced reader.
There is another conversation which from our point of __54__ is equally important, and that is to __55__ not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as __56__ to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we __57__ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __58__. It is __59__ this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are __60__ to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a high level.
41. A. answer B. light C. meaning D. weight
42. A. at B. C. on D. of
43. A. however B. so C. but D. also
44. A. off B. away C. into D. on
45. A. expectations B. wishes C. hopes D. predictions
46. A. witnessed B. undergone C. experienced D. practiced
47. A. lasts B. moves C. carries D. continues
48. A. with B. in C. to D. by
49. A. tight B. close C. closed D. near
50. A. another B. other C. others D. the other
51. A. front B. form C. above D. former
52. A. longer B. lower C. taller D. higher
53. A. parallel B. similarity C. equality D. balance
54. A. opinion B. idea C. view D. thought
55. A. deal B. relate C. do D. concern
56. A. opposed B. contrasted C. compared D. objected
57. A. operate B. employ C. exert D. hire
58. A. formed B. made C. developed D. shaped
59. A. totally B. precisely C. accurately D. concisely
60. A. seeking B. hoping C. looking D. expecting
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (2×20)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
A credit card can be useful. You can take it into a store and buy a television set or new furniture or clothing or anything you want. All you have to do is to sign your name and take what you want out of the store without paying cash.
But there is a problem with the cards—they can be financial poison. These cards are just like the poison we use on insects. If we use them carefully, they can be helpful; but if we use them too much, they can kill us financially just as real poison can kill our body.
For any money that the user does not pay each month, the credit card company charges a percentage of that amount in interest. The interest is added every month, so a bill that is not paid gets bigger and bigger.
Over 10 percent of the families in the United States are “overextended”. That is, they have more debts on their credit cards than they can pay.
Credit cards can be used for almost anything that money can buy. And they can even be used to pay for funerals. For some credit card users, a funeral may be the only solution to the debt problems they have caused for themselves by using credit cards.
61. What do we know about credit cards according to the passage?
A. They are safe to use.
B. They are convenient to use.
C. They are economical to use.
D. They are complicated to use.
62. What’s the problem with credit cards mentioned in Paragraph Two?
A. They may be very poisonous.
B. They may carry harmful insects.
C. They may cause financial troubles.
D. They may get lost easily.
63. What happens to a credit card user if he fails to pay each month according to the passage?
A. He will pay a bill with interest charged.
B. He will be dismissed by the company.
C. He will be charged as a criminal.
D. He will be accused of cheating.
64. The sentence “Over 10 percent of the families in the United States are ‘overextended’” in Paragraph Four probably means _____.
A. the majority of American families have to pay off debts with their cards
B. a great number of American families will no longer use credit cards
C. many American families will be overcharged one-tenth of interest
D. more than one-tenth of American families spend more than they can pay off
65. From the passage, we can conclude that _____.
A. we should use credit cards as little as possible
B. we should use credit cards as much as possible
C. we should use credit cards with great care
D. we should use cash instead of credit cards
Passage 2
To be a good manager, you must be careful to distinctly define the proper boundary between yourself and your staff. Here are some points to remember.
Be clear about the relationship. To maintain the respect for your employees while being friends with them, you must be direct about the nature of your business relationship. This means being clear about what the goals are, how your employees are to help you reach them, and what they can expect from you. By communicating these things clearly, you avoid the risk that an employee can misinterpret your friendship and behave in an unprofessional manner.
Be social—to a degree. In most offices, there’s usually a lot of social networking, whether it’s a Friday lunch or drinks after work. It’s natural for managers to be a part of that. Just remember to socialize with everyone, be careful with alcohol, and don’t be the last one at the party. Also, keep socializing at the office to a minimum. You want to ensure that you are respected as well as liked.
Don’t fake it. Maybe you want to try to be friends with all your employees, because you think that would strengthen your team. While some management training courses stress that bosses should ask their staff about their personal lives, such as their weekend plans, their families, or their children, such efforts can backfire if the manager is viewed as not sincere. It’s okay to ask occasional questions of staff, but don’t make a big production out of it. Getting to know people takes time.
66. To prevent employees from behaving unprofessionally, managers should _____.
A. show respect for their employees’ individual needs
B. let them know about their future career development
C. set short-term and long-term goals for their business
D. make them clear about the nature of the business relationship
67. According to Paragraph 3, managers are advised _____.
A. to create a friendly work environment for their staff
B. to keep socializing with the employees to a degree
C. to avoid socializing with their employees after work
D. to be the first person to a party or to a gathering
68. Some managers believe they can strengthen their teams by _____.
A. making friends with all their employees
B. attending a management training course
C. providing free Friday lunch to the staff
D. encouraging their staff to exercise regularly
69. The word “backfire” in the last paragraph most probably means _____.
A. strengthen the relationship
B. start a fire in the backyard
C. produce an undesired result
D. improve management skills
70. The passage is mainly about the importance of _____.
A. management training courses for employers
B. the proper relationship between managers and staff
C. setting business goals for both managers and staff
D. being a part of social networking for a good manager
Passage 3
In a world as fast-changing and full of information as our own, all of us need to know how to learn well. Yet evidence suggests that most of us don’t use the learning techniques that science has proved the most effective.
The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades ago and across thousands of articles. It’s far too extensive and complex for the average parent, teacher or employer to look through. Fortunately, a team of five leading psychologists have done the job for us.
Professor John Dunlosky and other psychologists closely examined 10 learning strategies and rated each from high to low utility on the basis of the evidence they’ve gathered. Here’s part of their conclusions:
In contrast to familiar practices, the effective learning strategies with the most evidence to support them aren’t well known outside the lab. Take distributed practice for example. This strategy involves spreading out your study time, rather than engaging in one marathon. Cramming information at the last minute may allow you to get through that test or meeting, but the materials will quickly disappear from your memory. It’s much more effective to look through the materials at intervals over time. And the longer you want to remember the information, whether it’s two weeks or two years, the longer the interval should be.
The second learning strategy that is highly recommended by Dunlosky is practice testing. Yes, more tests—but not for a grade. Research shows that the mere act of calling information to mind strengthens that knowledge and aids in future retrieval. While practice testing is not a common strategy—despite the strong evidence supporting it—there is one familiar approach that captures its benefits: using flash cards. And now flash cards can be presented in digital form. Both distributed practice and practice testing were rated as having “high utility” by Dunlosky.
71. How did the psychologists study and rate the learning strategies?
A. By analyzing the materials gathered in the past years.
B. By asking some students questions about their study.
C. By doing some experiments on the objects in the lab.
D. By asking parents and teachers to look through the articles.
72. The underlined word “extensive” in Paragraph 2 means “_____”.
A. small in amount
B. easy or quick to do
C. more than needed
D. dealing with a lot of information
73. About distributed practice and practice testing, it’s true that _____.
A. many students have benefited a lot from them
B. they were first put forward by John Dunlosky
C. only a small number of experts know about them
D. psychologists are studying whether they are effective
74. The strategy of distributed practice shows that _____.
A. we should not study for long hours every day
B. reviewing what we have studied is of little help
C. the shorter the interval is, the better we’ll study
D. doing repetition at intervals is the best way
75. The evidence shows that the strategy of practice testing _____.
A. is a way to use flash cards to help study
B. is mainly used to help us remember well
C. helps know about students’ grades in time
D. is a way widely used to increase memory
Passage 4
Every time a person eats something he makes a nutritional decision. He accepts or rejects the food available to him at home for meals or snacks. Or he selects food for himself at many places in the community, such as supermarkets, drive-ins, restaurants, and food counters in drug stores. These selections make a difference in how an individual looks, how he feels, and how well he can work and play.
When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten, the consequences are more likely to be a desirable level of health and enough energy to allow one to be as active as he needs and wants to be. When choices are less than desirable, the consequences are likely to be poor health or limited energy or both.
Studies of diets of individuals in the United States show that food selection is a highly individual matter, even among young children. Furthermore, far too many individuals of all ages are making poor choices day after day and are either now living with the consequences or will be in the future.
Nutritionists and workers in allied professions have been concerned about helping people learn to select and enjoy a wide variety of food combinations that can add up to a good diet.
Most people believe that they are well-fed—that the choices they make are good ones. After all, they are not really sick; neither are they hungry. However, their nutrition is really poor in one respect or another. Milk and milk products, such as cheese, ice cream, buttermilk, and yogurt, are often neglected. Then people may leave out in their diets many fruits and vegetables, particularly those that are good sources of vitamins A and C. These include dark green, leafy vegetables; deep yellow vegetables; and citrus fruits and vegetables, such as cabbages, tomatoes, and green peppers.
76. The passage mentions all of the following influences of food selection except _____.
A. how an individual looks
B. how an individual feels
C. how well an individual works and plays
D. how an individual looks at life
77. The word “assortment” in Line One of Paragraph Two means “_____”.
A. number B. variety C. quantity D. amount
78. Studies show that _____ make poor nutritional decisions.
A. a great number of individuals B. some individuals
C. almost no individuals D. a small number of individuals
79. Which of the following is not mentioned as good sources of vitamins A and C in the last paragraph?
A. Citrus fruits and vegetables. B. Deep yellow vegetables.
C. Meat of various kinds. D. Dark green, leafy vegetables.
80. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. More Milk Products in Diet
B. More Vitamins A and C in Diet
C. More Fruits and Vegetables in Diet
D. More Food Combinations in Diet
Part Ⅳ Translation (2×10)
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part. Please translate sentences 81-85 from Chinese to English, and translate sentences 86-90 from English into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
81. 你沒有必要介意他人對你的評論。
82. 我們應該不遺餘力地美化我們的環境。
83. 真正要緊的是你學有所用，而不是你學了多少。
84. 由於缺乏獨特的文化，一些地區將不再吸引遊客。
85. 說到中國傳統節日，大多數人通常是和家人一起度過的。
86. The Association has put the event off until October.
87. There isn’t much sense making rules if no one follows them.
88. All our dreams may come true as long as we have the courage to pursue them.
89. I think we sometimes need to slow down, and enjoy the pleasant things we ignore.
90. It should be remembered that we should be open and honest with others when we are talking with others.
Part Ⅴ Error Correction (1×10)
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part. Each sentence has 4 underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. You are required to identify the incorrect part, and then write the corresponding letter and the correct answer on the Answer Sheet.
91. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car.
A B C D
92. I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building.
A B C D
93. I learned early in life that I should be more patient and little aggressive.
A B C D
94. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive treatment at home later. A B C D
95. But before long they began to see which was happening.
A B C D
96. To our surprising, her husband came to thank us for attending to Rose.
A B C D
97. The manager explains to us what credit cards work.
A B C D
98. It is such a great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of me who is going
A B C D
to Beijing.
99. However, the use of mobile phones are expanding into almost every corner in
A B C D
the world.
100. I didn’t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get
A B C D
it.
Part Ⅵ Writing (1×20)
Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a composition on the topic： On Personal Privacy in Cyberspace. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.
1. 網絡上個人隱私受侵犯的問題頻出;
2. 產生這種問題的原因;
3. 解決的辦法。
河南省專升本《英語》大聯考試題參考答案及名家精析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure
1. 【翻譯】在截止日期之前把申請表交回去是非常重要的。
［考點］虛擬語氣
【精析】C在“It is/was+形容詞+that從句”的複合句中，that從句常常要使用虛擬語氣來表示建議、命令、要求等。常用在這種句型中的形容詞有：advisable, desirable, essential, important, necessary, urgent等，此時從句中的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”的形式，should可以省略。因本句中application forms和send之間是邏輯上的動賓關係，故要用被動形式。故選C。
2. 【翻譯】水稻種植在中國南部，而小麥種植在北部。
［考點］主謂一致和動詞語態
【精析】C因為句中沒有明顯的時間狀語，且句子是對客觀事實的描述，所以應用一般現在時。plant（種植）與Rice之間是邏輯上的動賓關係，所以應用被動語態；且rice作“水稻”講時為不可數名詞，所以謂語動詞應用單數形式。故選C。
3. 【翻譯】當我們到達車站時，火車已經開走了。
［考點］動詞時態
【精析】D根據句意可知，pull out表示的動作發生在arrived表示的動作之前，所以主句應用過去完成時，即謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”的形式，表示在過去某個時間或某個動作發生之前已經完成的動作。故選D。
4. 【翻譯】這場暴風雨造成了很大破壞，導致了很多人死亡。
［考點］名詞的數
【精析】C當damage表示抽象意義的“破壞，損害”時，是不可數名詞，do damage為固定搭配，意為“造成損害”；當damage用作複數（damages）時，表示“(法律判定的)損害賠償金”。當death表示抽象意義的“死”時，為不可數名詞；表示具體的死亡人數或死亡事件時，為可數名詞。根據句意可知，選C。
5. 【翻譯】最讓我感到驚訝的是，一個7歲的小男孩兒小提琴竟然拉得這麼好。
［考點］主語從句和表語從句
【精析】C分析句子結構可知，was前面是主語從句，從句中缺少主語,所以應用what引導。was之後是表語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分且句意完整，所以應用that引導，that在從句中不作句子成分,只起連接作用。故選C。
6. 【翻譯】到下個月你回來的時候，我將已經完成我的畢業論文了。
［考點］動詞時態
【精析】D根據句意和時間狀語從句By the time you get back next month可知，主句應用將來完成時，即謂語動詞用“will/shall have+過去分詞”的形式，表示在將來某時或某動作發生之前已經完成了的動作。故選D。
7. 【翻譯】由於什麼也沒做成，晚上我很不開心地回到了宿舍。
［考點］非謂語動詞
【精析】C本句考查with複合結構。由句中的unhappy可知，前面應該用nothing；又因為nothing與do之間為邏輯上的動賓關係，且表示已完成，所以要用過去分詞done。故選C。
8. 【翻譯】就藝術價值而言，很難說一個國家的藝術形式比另一個國家的藝術形式更好。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】A that常用來指代上文提到的單數可數名詞或不可數名詞；one表示同類人或事物中的任何一個，表示泛指；it指代上文提到的同一個事物；this常用來指代下文將要提及的單數可數名詞或不可數名詞。本句為避免重複，應用that替代前面的art form。another指的是another country。故選A。
9. 【翻譯】我想去國外工作來拓寬我的視野。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】C increase:增長；open:打開；broaden:增長（經驗、知識等），開闊（視野等），broaden one’s horizons為常用搭配，意為“開闊某人的視野”；extend:擴展，伸展。根據句意可知，選C。
10. 【翻譯】你明年就要去英國了。你現在應該儘可能多地練習說英語。
［考點］非謂語動詞
【精析】D practice doing sth.為固定用法，意為“練習做某事”。“講/說某種語言”要用speak,不能用say。故選D。
11. 【翻譯】布朗太太上週就應該去意大利了。
［考點］非謂語動詞
【精析】A be supposed to do sth.為固定用法，意為“（按規定、安排、習慣等）應做某事”；再由後面的時間狀語last week可知，leave所表示的動作發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，所以應用不定式的完成式，即“to have+過去分詞”的形式。故選A。
12. 【翻譯】瑪麗確實喜歡上網。她經常花費幾個小時上網。
［考點］動詞時態和強調句
【精析】B本題考查助動詞do位於實義動詞前表示強調的用法。根據第二句中的spends可知，第一句也應用一般現在時。又因為主語為第三人稱單數，所以助動詞應用單數形式does。故選B。
13. 【翻譯】他考試不及格的原因是他太粗心了。
［考點］表語從句
【精析】B分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個表語從句，且從句成分完整。當主語是reason時，常用that引導表語從句，而不用because。for：因為，由於，引導原因狀語從句；because of：因為，為介詞短語，其後常跟名詞或代詞。另外，也可將The reason why…is that…視為固定句型，意為“……的原因是……”。故選B。
14. 【翻譯】無線電、電視和報刊是傳遞新聞和信息的三種最為普遍的方式。
［考點］限定詞詞序
【精析】B common的最高級形式為most common。如果有幾個限定詞同時修飾一個名詞時，排列順序大致為冠詞，序數詞，基數詞，性質（描繪）性形容詞，表示大小、長短、高低的形容詞，表示形狀的形容詞，表示年齡、新舊的形容詞，表示國籍、出處的形容詞，表示材料的形容詞，表示用途、類別的形容詞。所以本題中three應放在most common前，the應放在three前，最後為中心詞。由此可知，本題應選B。
15. 【翻譯】儘管我們在技術上暫時落後，但是我們相信我們有能力最終趕上發達國家。
［考點］狀語從句
【精析】A根據句意並分析句子結構可知，本句前後為讓步關係，應用as引導讓步狀語從句，意為“儘管”，as引導的讓步狀語從句可以把表語或狀語等提至句首，故本題應選A。if:如果，引導條件狀語從句；so:因此，表示因果關係；that不可引導狀語從句。
16. 【翻譯】一旦他開始談論古代中國，就沒有什麼能夠讓他停下來。
［考點］固定用法
【精析】C本題考查固定句型There be no doing,意為“不可能……，沒有什麼能……”，stop為及物動詞，其後直接跟賓語，不需要加介詞。故選C。
17. 【翻譯】在大熱天喝杯冷飲是多麼有趣的一件事啊！
［考點］感嘆句
【精析】C fun在此表示“樂趣，娛樂”，是不可數名詞，所以前面不用不定冠詞a修飾，故可排除選項A、D。常用的感嘆句的基本結構為：①What(+a/an)+形容詞+名詞（+主語+謂語）！②How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！③How+形容詞+a/an+名詞+主語+謂語！結合選項可知，C項符合第一種結構。故選C。
18. 【翻譯】每當馬克違反交通規則的時候，他常常企圖逃避被罰款。
［考點］非謂語動詞
【精析】D escape doing sth.意為“逃避做某事，免於做某事”，是固定用法，所以排除選項B、C。根據often一詞和謂語動詞的時態可知，這裡表示習慣性的行為，應用現在分詞的一般式。另外，Mark與fine之間為動賓關係，所以應用其被動形式。故選D。
19. 【翻譯】我將永遠不會忘記在農場和農民們生活在一起的那些年。
［考點］定語從句
【精析】A分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個定語從句，先行詞是表示時間的those years，且從句中缺少時間狀語，所以引導詞應用when，相當於in which。故選A。
20. 【翻譯】在設計新能源汽車方面，他們仍有一些問題需要去克服。
［考點］非謂語動詞
【精析】C have sth. to do為固定用法，意為“有某事要做”，其中不定式作後置定語，如果不定式的動作是由句子的主語來執行的，需要用其主動形式。本句中overcome的邏輯主語是句子的主語They，所以空處應用不定式to overcome。故選C。
21. 【翻譯】讓我們去找個可以持續交談而不受打擾的地方，可以嗎?
［考點］反意疑問句
【精析】B由Let’s引出的第一人稱祈使句Let’s do sth.，其後的疑問句部分通常用肯定式shall we；但是在由Let us引出的祈使句中，其後動詞所表示的動作不包括聽話人在內，反意疑問句部分應用will you。故選B。
22. 【翻譯】如果沒有合適的軟件，電腦只是一個空盒子罷了。
［考點］虛擬語氣
【精析】A根據句意並分析句子結構可知，本句中的Without引出表示虛擬條件的成分，相當於If there were no appropriate software，表示對現在情況的假設，所以謂語動詞應用“would/should/might/could+動詞原形”的形式。故選A。
23. 【翻譯】我們應該盡全力去做值得做的任何事情。
［考點］賓語從句
【精析】A分析句子結構可知，空處引導賓語從句，作do的賓語，選項B、C只能引導讓步狀語從句，故可排除。根據句意可知，這裡表示“任何事情”，所以應用whatever。whichever意為“無論哪個，……的那個”，強調選擇範圍，故可排除。故選A。
24. 【翻譯】根據法律規定，在中國個人持有槍支是違法的。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】B wealth:財富；possession:持有,擁有;need:需要；property:財產，房地產。根據句意可知，選B。
25. 【翻譯】我們不應忽略小的錯誤，否則這些錯誤可能會導致大的事故。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】B hurt：傷害；ignore：忽略；recover：恢復；damage：毀壞，損害。根據句意可知，選B。
26. 【翻譯】這份報告表明，超過一半的女性在工作場所遭受二手菸的危害。
［考點］詞語搭配
【精析】D suffer from為固定搭配，意為“忍受，遭受……之苦，受……折磨”。故選D。
27. 【翻譯】既然你已經得到了一個機會，你最好充分利用它。
［考點］狀語從句
【精析】A分析句子結構並結合句意可知，空處引導一個原因狀語從句。now that：既然，引導原因狀語從句；after：在……以後，引導時間狀語從句；although：雖然，引導讓步狀語從句；as soon as：一……就……，引導時間狀語從句。故選A。
28. 【翻譯】約翰辭職了，把他的權力移交給了一位年輕的同事。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】D hand in：上交，遞交（尤指書面材料或失物）；hand out：分發，給予（建議、懲罰等）；hand down：傳給（後代）；hand over：正式交給（某人），移交（權力或責任）。根據句意可知，選D。
29. 【翻譯】他現在陷入了麻煩之中，別人的幫助對他來說極為寶貴。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】A extremely：非常，極其；exclusively：僅僅，獨佔地；extensively：廣泛地，廣闊地；excessively：過分地，極度地。根據句意可知，選A。
30. 【翻譯】這本書涉及了一系列的國際政治話題。
［考點］詞語搭配
【精析】A range:範圍，一系列，常用短語為a wide range of，意為“一系列，很多”；number:數目，數量，常用短語為a large/big number of，意為“許多”；collection:收集物，一批物品，常用短語為a collection of，意為“一批”；amount:數量，數額，常用短語為a large/considerable amount of，意為“大量”，後面常跟不可數名詞。故選A。
31. 【翻譯】她去年被任命為一個項目的負責人，她獲得的國際獎項對她的公司來說是一種榮譽。
［考點］冠詞的用法
【精析】A在表示稱呼、官銜、職位等的名詞之前不加冠詞，所以第一個空用零冠詞；第二個空表示“一種榮譽”，為泛指，且honour的發音是以元音音素開頭的，因此第二個空應用不定冠詞an。故選A。
32. 【翻譯】中國與其他愛好和平的國家一起，一貫主張全面禁止使用核武器。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】C declaration：宣告，宣佈；inspiration：靈感；prohibition：禁止，禁令；recognition：承認，識別。根據句意可知，選C。
33. 【翻譯】他會永遠感激你所做的一切。
［考點］詞語搭配
【精析】C grateful:感激的，表示感謝的，be grateful to sb. for sth.為固定搭配，意為“因某事感激某人”。peaceful：和平的，平靜的；secure：安全的，安心的，可靠的；friendly：友好的，友愛的，be friendly to sb.意為“對某人友好”。根據句意和搭配可知，選C。
34. 【翻譯】該地區數百棟寫字樓和住宅樓的牆壁和天花板上都出現了大裂縫。
［考點］數詞的用法
【精析】C hundreds of為固定短語，意為“數以百計的”。在某些表示概數的習語中，如“成百上千，成千上萬”等，基數詞要加-s，此時常與介詞of連用。但考生還應注意，當表示確切數字時，基數詞如hundred, thousand, million, billion等只能用單數形式，不能加-s。故選C。
35. 【翻譯】掉進河裡之前，他本能地抓住了河岸上的一棵小樹。
［考點］詞語搭配
【精析】C by instinct為固定短語，意為“本能地”。故選C。
36. 【翻譯】建設一條公路將有助於郊區的發展。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】C result from：起因於，由……造成；distribute to：分發，分配；contribute to：有助於，促成，捐獻；devote to：致力於，投身於。根據句意可知，選C。
37. 【翻譯】像他這樣可靠的人是不會做空口承諾的。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】B bare:裸露的，光禿禿的；empty:空洞的，說話不算數的；blank：空白的；vacant：空著的，（職位）空缺的。根據句意可知，選B。
38. 【翻譯】羅傑已為比賽苦練了幾個月，但不幸的是，由於膝蓋受傷，他不得不退出了比賽。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】A pull out：退出（比賽或組織等）；work out：想出，得到（解決方案等）；try out：試驗，測試；give out：分發，公佈。根據句意可知，選A。
39. 【翻譯】由於食品價格的大幅度上漲，政府已失去了很多支持。
［考點］詞義辨析
【精析】B strength:體力，力量；support:支持；agreement:協議，協定；vote:選舉。根據句意可知，選B。
40. 【翻譯】這個中學的禮堂不夠大，不能容納所有的學生。
［考點］固定用法
【精析】A enough既可以作形容詞，又可以作副詞。作形容詞時，可放在被修飾的名詞之前或之後；作副詞時，則要置於被修飾的形容詞或副詞之後。在本句中enough作副詞，修飾形容詞big，所以應放在其後。也可將“形容詞+enough+to do sth.”視為固定用法，意為“足夠……去做某事”，very沒有這樣的用法。故選A。
Part Ⅱ Cloze
41. ［考點］詞語搭配題
【精析】B in the light of為固定搭配，意為“鑑於”。故選B。
42. ［考點］邏輯推理題
【精析】B根據下文可推知，這裡說的是“大部分時間裡這種交流是在無意識的狀態下進行的”。below the level of consciousness意為“無意識地”。故選B。
43. ［考點］邏輯推理題
【精析】A根據上文可知，大部分時間裡這種交流是在無意識的狀態下進行的，但下文又提到“我們意識到這種交流”，前後之間為轉折關係。however：然而，可是，表示轉折，常用逗號與句子隔開；so：因此；but：但是；also：也。根據句意可知，應選A。
44. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】C四個選項均可與run搭配。run off：流出；run away：突然離開；run into：遇到（問題、困難等）；run on:持續。根據下文可知，此處表達的是“當我們遇到困難時”。故選C。
45. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】A expectation：預料，預期；wish：願望；hope：希望；prediction：預言。根據語境可知，此處表達的是“當預期與（實際）意義不匹配時”。故選A。
46. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】C witness：見證；undergo：經歷；experience：經歷，體驗；practice：練習，實踐。根據語境可知，此處表達的是“當成功的匹配得到踐行時”。故選C。
47. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】D last：持續；move：移動；carry:攜帶；continue：繼續。根據上文可知，此處表達的是“繼續停留在無意識的層面上”。故選D。
48. ［考點］詞語搭配題
【精析】A converse with為固定搭配，意為“與……交談”。故選A。
49. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】B tight：緊的，牢固的；close：親密的，密切的；closed：封閉的;near:接近的。根據下文可知，此處表達的是“有些人緊貼頁面上的單詞”。故選B。
50. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】C another只能用於三個及其以上的人或物，泛指同類人或事物中的另一個；other指兩者中的另一個，前面可加the, my, your, some等詞；others泛指其他的人或事物，常與some搭配，構成“some…others…”結構；the other常與one搭配，構成“one…the other…”結構。根據語境可知，應選C。
51. ［考點］邏輯推理題
【精析】D由下一句中的latter可推知，空處應填former，表示“前者”。故選D。
52. ［考點］邏輯推理題
【精析】D由前一句中的“a kind of comprehension which is written in the text”可推知，這裡指後者代表更高的理解層次。故選D。
53. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】D parallel：聯繫，相似；similarity:相似之處；equality：平等；balance：平衡。根據上文可知，此處表達的是“兩者間的平衡很重要”。故選D。
54. ［考點］詞語搭配題
【精析】C from one’s point of view為固定搭配，意為“在某人看來”。故選C。
55. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】C deal：交易；relate：聯繫；do：做,be to do with意為“與……有關”；concern：涉及。根據上文可知，此處表達的是“不是與讀什麼有關，而是與怎麼讀有關”。故選C。
56. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】A opposed：反對的，(be) opposed to意為“反對”；contrast:對比；compare：比較；object：反對。根據下文可知，此處表達的是“與‘內容’交流不同”。故選A。
57. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】B operate：運轉，操作；employ：使用，僱用；exert：運用（權力）；hire：租用。根據上文可知，此處表達的是“在閱讀中使用的策略”。故選B。
58. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】C form：形成；make：使形成；developed：成熟的；shaped：呈……形狀的。根據上下文可知，此處表達的是“我們的這種能力通常會相當成熟”。故選C。
59. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】B totally:完全地；precisely：恰好地；accurately：正確地；concisely：簡明地。根據語境可知，此處表達的是“恰恰是這種交流很重要”。故選B。
60. ［考點］詞義辨析題
【精析】A seek：設法，爭取；hope:希望；look：看起來；expect：期待。根據下文可知，此處表達的是“我們設法發展我們的閱讀水平”。故選A。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
61. ［考點］推理判斷題
【精析】B根據第一段最後一句“All you have to do is to sign your name and take what you want out of the store without paying cash.”可知，你所要做的只是簽上你的名字，不用付現金就可以把你想要的東西帶出商店。由此可推知，使用信用卡的好處在於方便。故選B。
62. ［考點］推理判斷題
【精析】C根據第二段最後一句“If we use them carefully, they can be helpful; but if we use them too much, they can kill us financially just as real poison can kill our body.”可知，如果我們小心謹慎地使用信用卡，那麼它會很有用；可是如果我們過多地使用它，它就有可能像毒藥毒害我們的身體那樣在經濟上毀滅我們。由此可推知，信用卡可能給人帶來財務上的麻煩。故選C。
63. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】A根據第三段第一句“For any money that the user does not pay each month, the credit card company charges a percentage of that amount in interest.”可知，對於那些用卡者每月無法償還的錢，信用卡公司會對那部分錢收取一定比率的利息，即信用卡公司會對消費者無法償還的錢收取額外的利息。故選A。
64. ［考點］詞語理解題
【精析】D根據第四段第二句“That is, they have more debts on their credit cards than they can pay.”可知，他們的信用卡上的債務超過了他們可以償還的數目。由此可推知，這裡是說超過十分之一的美國家庭花的比他們能償還的要多。故選D。
65. ［考點］推理判斷題
【精析】C根據第二段最後一句“If we use them carefully, they can be helpful; but if we use them too much， they can kill us financially just as real poison can kill our body.”可推知，使用信用卡需謹慎，否則它就會給我們造成財務問題。故選C。
Passage 2
66. ［考點］推理判斷題
【精析】D根據第二段第二句“…you must be direct about the nature of your business relationship.”和最後一句“By communicating these things clearly, you avoid the risk…behave in an unprofessional manner.”可推知，關於業務關係的實質，管理者必須向員工傳達清楚，只有這樣才可以避免員工曲解友誼，表現得不專業。故選D。
67. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】B根據第三段第一句“Be social—to a degree.”可知，本段給管理者的建議是：他們需要進行一定程度的社交。B項意為“與員工保持一定程度的交往”，符合題意。其他三項均與第三段內容不符。故選B。
68. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】A根據最後一段第二句“Maybe you want to try to be friends with all your employees, because you think that would strengthen your team.”可知，有的管理者認為與所有的員工交朋友可以鞏固他們的團隊。故選A。
69. ［考點］詞語理解題
【精析】C根據最後一段第三、四句“…bosses should ask their staff about their personal lives, such as their weekend plans, their families, or their children, such efforts can backfire if the manager is viewed as not sincere. It’s okay to ask occasional questions of staff…”可知，雖然一些管理培訓課程強調老闆應該詢問員工的個人生活，但如果員工認為管理者並不是真誠的，這些努力則會產生負面的效果。由此可推知，backfire意為“（計劃或行動）發生意外，產生事與願違的結果”，與C項“產生不希望的結果”意思最為接近。故選C。
70. ［考點］主旨大意題
【精析】B通讀全文可知，第一段便點明瞭主旨。根據第一段第一句“To be a good manager, you must be careful to distinctly define the proper boundary between yourself and your staff.”可知，要成為一個好的管理者，必須清楚地在員工和自己之間確定恰當的界限。B項意為“管理者和員工之間的恰當關係”，符合題意。故選B。
Passage 3
71. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】A根據第二段第一句“The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades ago and across thousands of articles.”和第三段第一句“…on the basis of the evidence they’ve gathered.”可知，心理學家是通過他們收集到的資料對這些學習策略進行研究和評估的，為此他們追溯到了幾十年前並查閱了數千篇文章。故選A。
72. ［考點］詞語理解題
【精析】D根據第二段前兩句“The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades ago and across thousands of articles. It’s far too extensive and complex for the average parent, teacher or employer to look through.”可知，為了評估這些學習策略，需要追溯到幾十年前並查閱數千篇文章，信息量巨大。這對於普通的家長、老師或僱主來說，內容太多，也太複雜。由此可推知，extensive意為“廣泛的，大量的”，與D項“需要處理大量信息”意思最為接近。故選D。
73. ［考點］推理判斷題
【精析】C根據第四段第一句“In contrast to familiar practices, the effective learning strategies with the most evidence to support them aren’t well known outside the lab.”可推知，只有少數的專家瞭解分散式練習策略和測試練習策略。故選C。
74. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】D根據第四段倒數第二句“It’s much more effective to look through the materials at intervals over time.”可知，分散式練習策略表明，隔一段時間複習是最好的方法。故選D。
75. ［考點］推理判斷題
【精析】B根據最後一段第三句“…the mere act of calling information to mind strengthens that knowledge and aids in future retrieval.”可知，測試練習策略通過回憶信息的方式，可以幫助鞏固知識和在未來進行檢索。由此可推知，該策略主要是用來幫助我們更好地記憶。選項A、C、D均與文章內容不符。故選B。
Passage 4
76. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】D根據第一段最後一句“These selections make a difference in how an individual looks, how he feels, and how well he can work and play.”可知，這些選擇會對一個人的精神面貌、身體狀況、工作效率和休閒活動產生影響，選項A、B、C均包含在內，文中並未提及D項。故選D。
77. ［考點］詞語理解題
【精析】B根據第二段第一句“When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten…as he needs and wants to be.”可知，當選擇吃適量的各種食物時，人就會身體健康、精力充沛。句中已經出現了“in appropriate amounts（以合適的數量）”，所以assortment應指“種類（variety）”。a good number of:許多，後跟可數名詞複數；a large quantity of:許多；a good amount of:許多，後跟不可數名詞。故選B。
78. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】A根據第三段第二句“…far too many individuals of all ages are making poor choices…”可知，有太多各個年齡段的人會做出錯誤的選擇。A項中的a great number of和文中的far too many同義，都表示“很多”。故選A。
79. ［考點］事實細節題
【精析】C根據最後一段最後一句“These include dark green, leafy vegetables; deep yellow vegetables; and citrus fruits and vegetables, such as cabbages, tomatoes, and green peppers.”可知，這些維生素的來源包括深綠色、多葉的蔬菜，深黃色的蔬菜，還有柑橘類的水果和蔬菜，比如捲心菜、番茄和青椒，選項A、B、D均包含在內，文中並未提及C項。故選C。
80. ［考點］主旨大意題
【精析】D文章第二段第一句點明瞭主旨“When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten…as he needs and wants to be.”即吃適量的各種各樣的食物讓人身體健康、精力充沛。由此可知，本文主要講述的是讓人們的飲食更加多元化，選項A、B、C均過於片面，選項D與文章大意相吻合。
Part Ⅳ Translation
81. It is not necessary for you to care about other’s comments on you.
82. We should spare no efforts to beautify our environment.
83. What matters is not how much you have learned but how to apply what you have learned.
84. For lack of unique culture, some places will not attract tourists any more.
85. When it comes to traditional Chinese festivals, most people usually spend them with their family.
86. 協會已把這次活動推遲至十月份。
87. 如果沒有人遵守，制定規則也就沒有多大意義了。
88. 只要我們有勇氣去追求夢想，所有的夢想都有可能成真。
89. 我想我們有時候需要放慢速度，享受那些被忽視的令人愉悅的事物。
90. 我們應該記住與他人談話時要敞開心扉，真誠待人。
Part Ⅴ Error Correction
91. 【翻譯】不幸的是，我遇到了一場事故，撞上了另一輛車。
【精析】A應改為Unfortunately。這裡應該用副詞修飾整個句子，作整個句子的狀語，因此應改為副詞。
92. 【翻譯】當他從一所大樓裡走出來時，我真的很失望，正打算離開。
【精析】D應改為walked out of。walk out of是一個固定詞組，意為“從……中走出來”。
93. 【翻譯】我從小便學到我應該多一些耐心，少一些好鬥。
【精析】D應改為less。and前後為平行結構，應用相同的句式，所以應將little改為less，與前面的more共同構成比較結構。
94. 【翻譯】之前一直在醫院接受治療，她決定之後在家中接受治療。
【精析】A應改為treated。逗號前的部分在句中作狀語，邏輯主語為主句的主語she，she與treat之間為邏輯上的動賓關係，所以應用被動形式。
95. 【翻譯】但不久後他們開始去看發生了什麼。
【精析】C應改成what。分析句子結構可知，see之後為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，所以應用what引導。which引導名詞性從句時暗含選擇意義，不符合句意。
96. 【翻譯】讓我們驚訝的是，她的丈夫過來感謝我們照顧了羅絲。
【精析】B應改為surprise。to one’s surprise為固定搭配，意為“讓某人吃驚的是”。
97. 【翻譯】那位經理向我們解釋信用卡是如何運作的。
【精析】C應改為how。分析句子結構可知，us之後為賓語從句，作explains的賓語，從句中缺少狀語，所以應用how引導，在從句中作方式狀語。
98. 【翻譯】這是一個如此好的賓館，以至於我會把它推薦給任何將要去北京的朋友。
【精析】C應改為mine。在表示所屬物的名詞前有不定冠詞、數詞、不定代詞（如本題中的any）修飾時，常用“of+所有格”的雙重屬格形式，表示“許多中的一個（或一部分）”，所以of後應用名詞所有格mine。
99. 【翻譯】然而，手機的使用幾乎擴展到世界上的每一個角落。
【精析】B應改為is。主語中心詞為use，為不可數名詞，謂語動詞應用單數形式。
100. 【翻譯】當時我沒帶相機，於是我衝回家去取它。
【精析】C應改為so。but表示前後兩部分間為轉折關係，根據句意可知，應用so作連詞，表示承接。
Part Ⅵ Writing
[寫作範文]
On Personal Privacy in Cyberspace
Nowadays, the most annoying problem in cyberspace is the violation of personal privacy. Phone numbers are sold for commercial uses; moreover, some accounts and passwords of e-banks are stolen and consequently personal savings are lost.
Why is personal privacy so easily violated in cyberspace? First, the legislature is responsible for the delay of making laws against such violation. Second, criminals take advantage of the flaws in the Internet system and steal personal information for illegal purposes. Third, some netizens put their important personal information on websites accidentally, giving others chances of doing harm to their privacy.
In order to stop the violation, effective measures should be taken immediately. Most urgently, laws on cyberspace should be made as soon as possible and enforced strictly. Besides, netizens should be alert and do not put important personal information online. Only by the joint effort of the whole society can cyberspace have a sound environment.
↓↓↓更多河南專升本《英語》試題
