河南省2019年普通高等学校专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试
公共英语
注意事项：
答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。
本卷的试题答案必须答在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure (1×40)
Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. It was essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline.
A. must be sent B. would be sent
C. be sent D. were sent
2. Rice _____ in the south of China while wheat in the north.
A. plants B. are planted C. is planted D. plant
3. When we arrived at the station, the train _____.
A. already pulled out B. pulled out already
C. has already pulled out D. had already pulled out
4. The storm did a lot of _____ and caused many _____.
A. damage; death B. damages; deaths
C. damage; deaths D. damages; death
5. _____ surprised me most was _____ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That; what B. That; that
C. What; that D. What; what
6. By the time you get back next month, I _____ my thesis.
A. have finished B. finish C. will finish D. will have finished
7. _____, I went back to my dormitory unhappy in the evening.
A. With anything done B. With something doing
C. With nothing done D. With nothing having done
8. In terms of artistic value, it is hard to say that one country’s art form is greater than _____ of another.
A. that B. one C. it D. this
9. I’d like to work abroad to _____ my horizons.
A. increase B. open C. broaden D. extend
10. You’re going to England next year. You should now practice _____ English as much as possible.
A. to say B. to speak C. saying D. speaking
11. Mrs. Brown is supposed _____ for Italy last week.
A. to have left B. to be leaving
C. to leave D. to have been left
12. Mary _____ like to surf the Internet. She often spends hours online.
A. did B. does C. do D. is
13. The reason why he failed the exam is _____ he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
14. Radio, television and press are_____of conveying news and information.
A. the most three common means B. the three most common means
C. the most common three means D. three the most common means
15. Backward technologically _____ we are for the moment, we have faith in our ability to catch up with the developed countries in time.
A. as B. if C. so D. that
16. Once he starts talking about ancient China, _____.
A. there is no stopping of him B. he is not stopped
C. there is no stopping him D. it is no stopping him
17. _____ it is to have a cold drink on a hot day！
A. What a great fun B. How great fun
C. What great fun D. How a great fun
18. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic rules.
A. having been fined B. to have been fined
C. to be fined D. being fined
19. I shall never forget those years _____ I lived on the farm with the farmers.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
20. They still have some problems _____ in designing the new energy vehicles.
A. overcome B. overcoming
C. to overcome D. overcame
21. Let us go somewhere where we can talk without interruption, _____?
A. don’t you B. will you
C. won’t you D. shall we
22. Without appropriate software, a computer _____ merely an empty box.
A. would become B. will become
C. would have become D. had become
23. We should try our best to do _____ is worth doing.
A. whatever B. no matter what
C. however D. whichever
24. By law, personal _____ of guns is illegal in China.
A. wealth B. possession C. need D. property
25. We should not _____ small mistakes, or they might lead to big accidents.
A. hurt B. ignore C. recover D. damage
26. The report shows that over half of the women suffer _____ second-hand smoke in the workplace.
A. in B. for C. on D. from
27. _____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After
C. Although D. As soon as
28. John resigned and _____ his power to a young colleague.
A. handed in B. handed out
C. handed down D. handed over
29. Other people’s help would be _____ valuable to him who is at present in trouble.
A. extremely B. exclusively
C. extensively D. excessively
30. The book covers a wide _____ of topics on international politics.
A. range B. number
C. collection D. amount
31. She was appointed _____ head of a project last year, and her winning an international award is _____ honour for her company.
A. /; an B. the; an
C. a; the D. /; /
32. China, in company with other peace-loving countries, has consistently stood for the complete _____ of the use of nuclear weapons.
A. declaration B. inspiration
C. prohibition D. recognition
33. He’ll always be _____ to you for what you’ve done.
A. peaceful B. secure C. grateful D. friendly
34. _____ office buildings and homes developed large cracks in walls and ceilings in the area.
A. Hundred of B. Three hundreds of
C. Hundreds of D. Three hundreds
35. Before he fell into the river, he took hold of a small tree on the bank by _____.
A. inspiration B. instance C. instinct D. instruction
36. The construction of a highway will _____ the growth of the suburbs.
A. result from B. distribute to
C. contribute to D. devote to
37. Such a reliable person as him won’t make _____ promises.
A. bare B. empty C. blank D. vacant
38. Roger trained hard for the match for months, but unfortunately, he had to _____ due to a knee injury.
A. pull out B. work out
C. try out D. give out
39. The government has lost a great deal of _____ because of the large increase in food price.
A. strength B. support C. agreement D. vote
40. The hall of the middle school was not _____ to accommodate all the students.
A. big enough B. enough big
C. very small D. very big
Part Ⅱ Cloze (1×20)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each of the blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the __41__ of these he puts further questions, and so on.
For most of the time this “conversation” goes on __42__ the level of consciousness. At times, __43__, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running __44__ difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __45__ and meaning. When successful matching is being __46__, our questioning of the text __47__ at the unconscious level.
Different people converse __48__ the text differently. Some stay very __49__ to the words on the page; __50__ take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The __51__ represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents __52__ levels of comprehension. The __53__ between these is important, especially for the advanced reader.
There is another conversation which from our point of __54__ is equally important, and that is to __55__ not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as __56__ to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we __57__ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __58__. It is __59__ this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are __60__ to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a high level.
41. A. answer B. light C. meaning D. weight
42. A. at B. C. on D. of
43. A. however B. so C. but D. also
44. A. off B. away C. into D. on
45. A. expectations B. wishes C. hopes D. predictions
46. A. witnessed B. undergone C. experienced D. practiced
47. A. lasts B. moves C. carries D. continues
48. A. with B. in C. to D. by
49. A. tight B. close C. closed D. near
50. A. another B. other C. others D. the other
51. A. front B. form C. above D. former
52. A. longer B. lower C. taller D. higher
53. A. parallel B. similarity C. equality D. balance
54. A. opinion B. idea C. view D. thought
55. A. deal B. relate C. do D. concern
56. A. opposed B. contrasted C. compared D. objected
57. A. operate B. employ C. exert D. hire
58. A. formed B. made C. developed D. shaped
59. A. totally B. precisely C. accurately D. concisely
60. A. seeking B. hoping C. looking D. expecting
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (2×20)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
A credit card can be useful. You can take it into a store and buy a television set or new furniture or clothing or anything you want. All you have to do is to sign your name and take what you want out of the store without paying cash.
But there is a problem with the cards—they can be financial poison. These cards are just like the poison we use on insects. If we use them carefully, they can be helpful; but if we use them too much, they can kill us financially just as real poison can kill our body.
For any money that the user does not pay each month, the credit card company charges a percentage of that amount in interest. The interest is added every month, so a bill that is not paid gets bigger and bigger.
Over 10 percent of the families in the United States are “overextended”. That is, they have more debts on their credit cards than they can pay.
Credit cards can be used for almost anything that money can buy. And they can even be used to pay for funerals. For some credit card users, a funeral may be the only solution to the debt problems they have caused for themselves by using credit cards.
61. What do we know about credit cards according to the passage?
A. They are safe to use.
B. They are convenient to use.
C. They are economical to use.
D. They are complicated to use.
62. What’s the problem with credit cards mentioned in Paragraph Two?
A. They may be very poisonous.
B. They may carry harmful insects.
C. They may cause financial troubles.
D. They may get lost easily.
63. What happens to a credit card user if he fails to pay each month according to the passage?
A. He will pay a bill with interest charged.
B. He will be dismissed by the company.
C. He will be charged as a criminal.
D. He will be accused of cheating.
64. The sentence “Over 10 percent of the families in the United States are ‘overextended’” in Paragraph Four probably means _____.
A. the majority of American families have to pay off debts with their cards
B. a great number of American families will no longer use credit cards
C. many American families will be overcharged one-tenth of interest
D. more than one-tenth of American families spend more than they can pay off
65. From the passage, we can conclude that _____.
A. we should use credit cards as little as possible
B. we should use credit cards as much as possible
C. we should use credit cards with great care
D. we should use cash instead of credit cards
Passage 2
To be a good manager, you must be careful to distinctly define the proper boundary between yourself and your staff. Here are some points to remember.
Be clear about the relationship. To maintain the respect for your employees while being friends with them, you must be direct about the nature of your business relationship. This means being clear about what the goals are, how your employees are to help you reach them, and what they can expect from you. By communicating these things clearly, you avoid the risk that an employee can misinterpret your friendship and behave in an unprofessional manner.
Be social—to a degree. In most offices, there’s usually a lot of social networking, whether it’s a Friday lunch or drinks after work. It’s natural for managers to be a part of that. Just remember to socialize with everyone, be careful with alcohol, and don’t be the last one at the party. Also, keep socializing at the office to a minimum. You want to ensure that you are respected as well as liked.
Don’t fake it. Maybe you want to try to be friends with all your employees, because you think that would strengthen your team. While some management training courses stress that bosses should ask their staff about their personal lives, such as their weekend plans, their families, or their children, such efforts can backfire if the manager is viewed as not sincere. It’s okay to ask occasional questions of staff, but don’t make a big production out of it. Getting to know people takes time.
66. To prevent employees from behaving unprofessionally, managers should _____.
A. show respect for their employees’ individual needs
B. let them know about their future career development
C. set short-term and long-term goals for their business
D. make them clear about the nature of the business relationship
67. According to Paragraph 3, managers are advised _____.
A. to create a friendly work environment for their staff
B. to keep socializing with the employees to a degree
C. to avoid socializing with their employees after work
D. to be the first person to a party or to a gathering
68. Some managers believe they can strengthen their teams by _____.
A. making friends with all their employees
B. attending a management training course
C. providing free Friday lunch to the staff
D. encouraging their staff to exercise regularly
69. The word “backfire” in the last paragraph most probably means _____.
A. strengthen the relationship
B. start a fire in the backyard
C. produce an undesired result
D. improve management skills
70. The passage is mainly about the importance of _____.
A. management training courses for employers
B. the proper relationship between managers and staff
C. setting business goals for both managers and staff
D. being a part of social networking for a good manager
Passage 3
In a world as fast-changing and full of information as our own, all of us need to know how to learn well. Yet evidence suggests that most of us don’t use the learning techniques that science has proved the most effective.
The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades ago and across thousands of articles. It’s far too extensive and complex for the average parent, teacher or employer to look through. Fortunately, a team of five leading psychologists have done the job for us.
Professor John Dunlosky and other psychologists closely examined 10 learning strategies and rated each from high to low utility on the basis of the evidence they’ve gathered. Here’s part of their conclusions:
In contrast to familiar practices, the effective learning strategies with the most evidence to support them aren’t well known outside the lab. Take distributed practice for example. This strategy involves spreading out your study time, rather than engaging in one marathon. Cramming information at the last minute may allow you to get through that test or meeting, but the materials will quickly disappear from your memory. It’s much more effective to look through the materials at intervals over time. And the longer you want to remember the information, whether it’s two weeks or two years, the longer the interval should be.
The second learning strategy that is highly recommended by Dunlosky is practice testing. Yes, more tests—but not for a grade. Research shows that the mere act of calling information to mind strengthens that knowledge and aids in future retrieval. While practice testing is not a common strategy—despite the strong evidence supporting it—there is one familiar approach that captures its benefits: using flash cards. And now flash cards can be presented in digital form. Both distributed practice and practice testing were rated as having “high utility” by Dunlosky.
71. How did the psychologists study and rate the learning strategies?
A. By analyzing the materials gathered in the past years.
B. By asking some students questions about their study.
C. By doing some experiments on the objects in the lab.
D. By asking parents and teachers to look through the articles.
72. The underlined word “extensive” in Paragraph 2 means “_____”.
A. small in amount
B. easy or quick to do
C. more than needed
D. dealing with a lot of information
73. About distributed practice and practice testing, it’s true that _____.
A. many students have benefited a lot from them
B. they were first put forward by John Dunlosky
C. only a small number of experts know about them
D. psychologists are studying whether they are effective
74. The strategy of distributed practice shows that _____.
A. we should not study for long hours every day
B. reviewing what we have studied is of little help
C. the shorter the interval is, the better we’ll study
D. doing repetition at intervals is the best way
75. The evidence shows that the strategy of practice testing _____.
A. is a way to use flash cards to help study
B. is mainly used to help us remember well
C. helps know about students’ grades in time
D. is a way widely used to increase memory
Passage 4
Every time a person eats something he makes a nutritional decision. He accepts or rejects the food available to him at home for meals or snacks. Or he selects food for himself at many places in the community, such as supermarkets, drive-ins, restaurants, and food counters in drug stores. These selections make a difference in how an individual looks, how he feels, and how well he can work and play.
When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten, the consequences are more likely to be a desirable level of health and enough energy to allow one to be as active as he needs and wants to be. When choices are less than desirable, the consequences are likely to be poor health or limited energy or both.
Studies of diets of individuals in the United States show that food selection is a highly individual matter, even among young children. Furthermore, far too many individuals of all ages are making poor choices day after day and are either now living with the consequences or will be in the future.
Nutritionists and workers in allied professions have been concerned about helping people learn to select and enjoy a wide variety of food combinations that can add up to a good diet.
Most people believe that they are well-fed—that the choices they make are good ones. After all, they are not really sick; neither are they hungry. However, their nutrition is really poor in one respect or another. Milk and milk products, such as cheese, ice cream, buttermilk, and yogurt, are often neglected. Then people may leave out in their diets many fruits and vegetables, particularly those that are good sources of vitamins A and C. These include dark green, leafy vegetables; deep yellow vegetables; and citrus fruits and vegetables, such as cabbages, tomatoes, and green peppers.
76. The passage mentions all of the following influences of food selection except _____.
A. how an individual looks
B. how an individual feels
C. how well an individual works and plays
D. how an individual looks at life
77. The word “assortment” in Line One of Paragraph Two means “_____”.
A. number B. variety C. quantity D. amount
78. Studies show that _____ make poor nutritional decisions.
A. a great number of individuals B. some individuals
C. almost no individuals D. a small number of individuals
79. Which of the following is not mentioned as good sources of vitamins A and C in the last paragraph?
A. Citrus fruits and vegetables. B. Deep yellow vegetables.
C. Meat of various kinds. D. Dark green, leafy vegetables.
80. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. More Milk Products in Diet
B. More Vitamins A and C in Diet
C. More Fruits and Vegetables in Diet
D. More Food Combinations in Diet
Part Ⅳ Translation (2×10)
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part. Please translate sentences 81-85 from Chinese to English, and translate sentences 86-90 from English into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
81. 你没有必要介意他人对你的评论。
82. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
83. 真正要紧的是你学有所用，而不是你学了多少。
84. 由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地区将不再吸引游客。
85. 说到中国传统节日，大多数人通常是和家人一起度过的。
86. The Association has put the event off until October.
87. There isn’t much sense making rules if no one follows them.
88. All our dreams may come true as long as we have the courage to pursue them.
89. I think we sometimes need to slow down, and enjoy the pleasant things we ignore.
90. It should be remembered that we should be open and honest with others when we are talking with others.
Part Ⅴ Error Correction (1×10)
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part. Each sentence has 4 underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. You are required to identify the incorrect part, and then write the corresponding letter and the correct answer on the Answer Sheet.
91. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car.
A B C D
92. I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building.
A B C D
93. I learned early in life that I should be more patient and little aggressive.
A B C D
94. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive treatment at home later. A B C D
95. But before long they began to see which was happening.
A B C D
96. To our surprising, her husband came to thank us for attending to Rose.
A B C D
97. The manager explains to us what credit cards work.
A B C D
98. It is such a great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of me who is going
A B C D
to Beijing.
99. However, the use of mobile phones are expanding into almost every corner in
A B C D
the world.
100. I didn’t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get
A B C D
it.
Part Ⅵ Writing (1×20)
Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a composition on the topic： On Personal Privacy in Cyberspace. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.
1. 网络上个人隐私受侵犯的问题频出;
2. 产生这种问题的原因;
3. 解决的办法。
河南省专升本《英语》大联考试题参考答案及名家精析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure
1. 【翻译】在截止日期之前把申请表交回去是非常重要的。
［考点］虚拟语气
【精析】C在“It is/was+形容词+that从句”的复合句中，that从句常常要使用虚拟语气来表示建议、命令、要求等。常用在这种句型中的形容词有：advisable, desirable, essential, important, necessary, urgent等，此时从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。因本句中application forms和send之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用被动形式。故选C。
2. 【翻译】水稻种植在中国南部，而小麦种植在北部。
［考点］主谓一致和动词语态
【精析】C因为句中没有明显的时间状语，且句子是对客观事实的描述，所以应用一般现在时。plant（种植）与Rice之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用被动语态；且rice作“水稻”讲时为不可数名词，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C。
3. 【翻译】当我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
［考点］动词时态
【精析】D根据句意可知，pull out表示的动作发生在arrived表示的动作之前，所以主句应用过去完成时，即谓语动词用“had+过去分词”的形式，表示在过去某个时间或某个动作发生之前已经完成的动作。故选D。
4. 【翻译】这场暴风雨造成了很大破坏，导致了很多人死亡。
［考点］名词的数
【精析】C当damage表示抽象意义的“破坏，损害”时，是不可数名词，do damage为固定搭配，意为“造成损害”；当damage用作复数（damages）时，表示“(法律判定的)损害赔偿金”。当death表示抽象意义的“死”时，为不可数名词；表示具体的死亡人数或死亡事件时，为可数名词。根据句意可知，选C。
5. 【翻译】最让我感到惊讶的是，一个7岁的小男孩儿小提琴竟然拉得这么好。
［考点］主语从句和表语从句
【精析】C分析句子结构可知，was前面是主语从句，从句中缺少主语,所以应用what引导。was之后是表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分且句意完整，所以应用that引导，that在从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用。故选C。
6. 【翻译】到下个月你回来的时候，我将已经完成我的毕业论文了。
［考点］动词时态
【精析】D根据句意和时间状语从句By the time you get back next month可知，主句应用将来完成时，即谓语动词用“will/shall have+过去分词”的形式，表示在将来某时或某动作发生之前已经完成了的动作。故选D。
7. 【翻译】由于什么也没做成，晚上我很不开心地回到了宿舍。
［考点］非谓语动词
【精析】C本句考查with复合结构。由句中的unhappy可知，前面应该用nothing；又因为nothing与do之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示已完成，所以要用过去分词done。故选C。
8. 【翻译】就艺术价值而言，很难说一个国家的艺术形式比另一个国家的艺术形式更好。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】A that常用来指代上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词；one表示同类人或事物中的任何一个，表示泛指；it指代上文提到的同一个事物；this常用来指代下文将要提及的单数可数名词或不可数名词。本句为避免重复，应用that替代前面的art form。another指的是another country。故选A。
9. 【翻译】我想去国外工作来拓宽我的视野。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】C increase:增长；open:打开；broaden:增长（经验、知识等），开阔（视野等），broaden one’s horizons为常用搭配，意为“开阔某人的视野”；extend:扩展，伸展。根据句意可知，选C。
10. 【翻译】你明年就要去英国了。你现在应该尽可能多地练习说英语。
［考点］非谓语动词
【精析】D practice doing sth.为固定用法，意为“练习做某事”。“讲/说某种语言”要用speak,不能用say。故选D。
11. 【翻译】布朗太太上周就应该去意大利了。
［考点］非谓语动词
【精析】A be supposed to do sth.为固定用法，意为“（按规定、安排、习惯等）应做某事”；再由后面的时间状语last week可知，leave所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，所以应用不定式的完成式，即“to have+过去分词”的形式。故选A。
12. 【翻译】玛丽确实喜欢上网。她经常花费几个小时上网。
［考点］动词时态和强调句
【精析】B本题考查助动词do位于实义动词前表示强调的用法。根据第二句中的spends可知，第一句也应用一般现在时。又因为主语为第三人称单数，所以助动词应用单数形式does。故选B。
13. 【翻译】他考试不及格的原因是他太粗心了。
［考点］表语从句
【精析】B分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个表语从句，且从句成分完整。当主语是reason时，常用that引导表语从句，而不用because。for：因为，由于，引导原因状语从句；because of：因为，为介词短语，其后常跟名词或代词。另外，也可将The reason why…is that…视为固定句型，意为“……的原因是……”。故选B。
14. 【翻译】无线电、电视和报刊是传递新闻和信息的三种最为普遍的方式。
［考点］限定词词序
【精析】B common的最高级形式为most common。如果有几个限定词同时修饰一个名词时，排列顺序大致为冠词，序数词，基数词，性质（描绘）性形容词，表示大小、长短、高低的形容词，表示形状的形容词，表示年龄、新旧的形容词，表示国籍、出处的形容词，表示材料的形容词，表示用途、类别的形容词。所以本题中three应放在most common前，the应放在three前，最后为中心词。由此可知，本题应选B。
15. 【翻译】尽管我们在技术上暂时落后，但是我们相信我们有能力最终赶上发达国家。
［考点］状语从句
【精析】A根据句意并分析句子结构可知，本句前后为让步关系，应用as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，as引导的让步状语从句可以把表语或状语等提至句首，故本题应选A。if:如果，引导条件状语从句；so:因此，表示因果关系；that不可引导状语从句。
16. 【翻译】一旦他开始谈论古代中国，就没有什么能够让他停下来。
［考点］固定用法
【精析】C本题考查固定句型There be no doing,意为“不可能……，没有什么能……”，stop为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，不需要加介词。故选C。
17. 【翻译】在大热天喝杯冷饮是多么有趣的一件事啊！
［考点］感叹句
【精析】C fun在此表示“乐趣，娱乐”，是不可数名词，所以前面不用不定冠词a修饰，故可排除选项A、D。常用的感叹句的基本结构为：①What(+a/an)+形容词+名词（+主语+谓语）！②How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！③How+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语！结合选项可知，C项符合第一种结构。故选C。
18. 【翻译】每当马克违反交通规则的时候，他常常企图逃避被罚款。
［考点］非谓语动词
【精析】D escape doing sth.意为“逃避做某事，免于做某事”，是固定用法，所以排除选项B、C。根据often一词和谓语动词的时态可知，这里表示习惯性的行为，应用现在分词的一般式。另外，Mark与fine之间为动宾关系，所以应用其被动形式。故选D。
19. 【翻译】我将永远不会忘记在农场和农民们生活在一起的那些年。
［考点］定语从句
【精析】A分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的those years，且从句中缺少时间状语，所以引导词应用when，相当于in which。故选A。
20. 【翻译】在设计新能源汽车方面，他们仍有一些问题需要去克服。
［考点］非谓语动词
【精析】C have sth. to do为固定用法，意为“有某事要做”，其中不定式作后置定语，如果不定式的动作是由句子的主语来执行的，需要用其主动形式。本句中overcome的逻辑主语是句子的主语They，所以空处应用不定式to overcome。故选C。
21. 【翻译】让我们去找个可以持续交谈而不受打扰的地方，可以吗?
［考点］反意疑问句
【精析】B由Let’s引出的第一人称祈使句Let’s do sth.，其后的疑问句部分通常用肯定式shall we；但是在由Let us引出的祈使句中，其后动词所表示的动作不包括听话人在内，反意疑问句部分应用will you。故选B。
22. 【翻译】如果没有合适的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了。
［考点］虚拟语气
【精析】A根据句意并分析句子结构可知，本句中的Without引出表示虚拟条件的成分，相当于If there were no appropriate software，表示对现在情况的假设，所以谓语动词应用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”的形式。故选A。
23. 【翻译】我们应该尽全力去做值得做的任何事情。
［考点］宾语从句
【精析】A分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作do的宾语，选项B、C只能引导让步状语从句，故可排除。根据句意可知，这里表示“任何事情”，所以应用whatever。whichever意为“无论哪个，……的那个”，强调选择范围，故可排除。故选A。
24. 【翻译】根据法律规定，在中国个人持有枪支是违法的。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】B wealth:财富；possession:持有,拥有;need:需要；property:财产，房地产。根据句意可知，选B。
25. 【翻译】我们不应忽略小的错误，否则这些错误可能会导致大的事故。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】B hurt：伤害；ignore：忽略；recover：恢复；damage：毁坏，损害。根据句意可知，选B。
26. 【翻译】这份报告表明，超过一半的女性在工作场所遭受二手烟的危害。
［考点］词语搭配
【精析】D suffer from为固定搭配，意为“忍受，遭受……之苦，受……折磨”。故选D。
27. 【翻译】既然你已经得到了一个机会，你最好充分利用它。
［考点］状语从句
【精析】A分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导一个原因状语从句。now that：既然，引导原因状语从句；after：在……以后，引导时间状语从句；although：虽然，引导让步状语从句；as soon as：一……就……，引导时间状语从句。故选A。
28. 【翻译】约翰辞职了，把他的权力移交给了一位年轻的同事。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】D hand in：上交，递交（尤指书面材料或失物）；hand out：分发，给予（建议、惩罚等）；hand down：传给（后代）；hand over：正式交给（某人），移交（权力或责任）。根据句意可知，选D。
29. 【翻译】他现在陷入了麻烦之中，别人的帮助对他来说极为宝贵。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】A extremely：非常，极其；exclusively：仅仅，独占地；extensively：广泛地，广阔地；excessively：过分地，极度地。根据句意可知，选A。
30. 【翻译】这本书涉及了一系列的国际政治话题。
［考点］词语搭配
【精析】A range:范围，一系列，常用短语为a wide range of，意为“一系列，很多”；number:数目，数量，常用短语为a large/big number of，意为“许多”；collection:收集物，一批物品，常用短语为a collection of，意为“一批”；amount:数量，数额，常用短语为a large/considerable amount of，意为“大量”，后面常跟不可数名词。故选A。
31. 【翻译】她去年被任命为一个项目的负责人，她获得的国际奖项对她的公司来说是一种荣誉。
［考点］冠词的用法
【精析】A在表示称呼、官衔、职位等的名词之前不加冠词，所以第一个空用零冠词；第二个空表示“一种荣誉”，为泛指，且honour的发音是以元音音素开头的，因此第二个空应用不定冠词an。故选A。
32. 【翻译】中国与其他爱好和平的国家一起，一贯主张全面禁止使用核武器。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】C declaration：宣告，宣布；inspiration：灵感；prohibition：禁止，禁令；recognition：承认，识别。根据句意可知，选C。
33. 【翻译】他会永远感激你所做的一切。
［考点］词语搭配
【精析】C grateful:感激的，表示感谢的，be grateful to sb. for sth.为固定搭配，意为“因某事感激某人”。peaceful：和平的，平静的；secure：安全的，安心的，可靠的；friendly：友好的，友爱的，be friendly to sb.意为“对某人友好”。根据句意和搭配可知，选C。
34. 【翻译】该地区数百栋写字楼和住宅楼的墙壁和天花板上都出现了大裂缝。
［考点］数词的用法
【精析】C hundreds of为固定短语，意为“数以百计的”。在某些表示概数的习语中，如“成百上千，成千上万”等，基数词要加-s，此时常与介词of连用。但考生还应注意，当表示确切数字时，基数词如hundred, thousand, million, billion等只能用单数形式，不能加-s。故选C。
35. 【翻译】掉进河里之前，他本能地抓住了河岸上的一棵小树。
［考点］词语搭配
【精析】C by instinct为固定短语，意为“本能地”。故选C。
36. 【翻译】建设一条公路将有助于郊区的发展。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】C result from：起因于，由……造成；distribute to：分发，分配；contribute to：有助于，促成，捐献；devote to：致力于，投身于。根据句意可知，选C。
37. 【翻译】像他这样可靠的人是不会做空口承诺的。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】B bare:裸露的，光秃秃的；empty:空洞的，说话不算数的；blank：空白的；vacant：空着的，（职位）空缺的。根据句意可知，选B。
38. 【翻译】罗杰已为比赛苦练了几个月，但不幸的是，由于膝盖受伤，他不得不退出了比赛。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】A pull out：退出（比赛或组织等）；work out：想出，得到（解决方案等）；try out：试验，测试；give out：分发，公布。根据句意可知，选A。
39. 【翻译】由于食品价格的大幅度上涨，政府已失去了很多支持。
［考点］词义辨析
【精析】B strength:体力，力量；support:支持；agreement:协议，协定；vote:选举。根据句意可知，选B。
40. 【翻译】这个中学的礼堂不够大，不能容纳所有的学生。
［考点］固定用法
【精析】A enough既可以作形容词，又可以作副词。作形容词时，可放在被修饰的名词之前或之后；作副词时，则要置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。在本句中enough作副词，修饰形容词big，所以应放在其后。也可将“形容词+enough+to do sth.”视为固定用法，意为“足够……去做某事”，very没有这样的用法。故选A。
Part Ⅱ Cloze
41. ［考点］词语搭配题
【精析】B in the light of为固定搭配，意为“鉴于”。故选B。
42. ［考点］逻辑推理题
【精析】B根据下文可推知，这里说的是“大部分时间里这种交流是在无意识的状态下进行的”。below the level of consciousness意为“无意识地”。故选B。
43. ［考点］逻辑推理题
【精析】A根据上文可知，大部分时间里这种交流是在无意识的状态下进行的，但下文又提到“我们意识到这种交流”，前后之间为转折关系。however：然而，可是，表示转折，常用逗号与句子隔开；so：因此；but：但是；also：也。根据句意可知，应选A。
44. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】C四个选项均可与run搭配。run off：流出；run away：突然离开；run into：遇到（问题、困难等）；run on:持续。根据下文可知，此处表达的是“当我们遇到困难时”。故选C。
45. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】A expectation：预料，预期；wish：愿望；hope：希望；prediction：预言。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“当预期与（实际）意义不匹配时”。故选A。
46. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】C witness：见证；undergo：经历；experience：经历，体验；practice：练习，实践。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“当成功的匹配得到践行时”。故选C。
47. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】D last：持续；move：移动；carry:携带；continue：继续。根据上文可知，此处表达的是“继续停留在无意识的层面上”。故选D。
48. ［考点］词语搭配题
【精析】A converse with为固定搭配，意为“与……交谈”。故选A。
49. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】B tight：紧的，牢固的；close：亲密的，密切的；closed：封闭的;near:接近的。根据下文可知，此处表达的是“有些人紧贴页面上的单词”。故选B。
50. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】C another只能用于三个及其以上的人或物，泛指同类人或事物中的另一个；other指两者中的另一个，前面可加the, my, your, some等词；others泛指其他的人或事物，常与some搭配，构成“some…others…”结构；the other常与one搭配，构成“one…the other…”结构。根据语境可知，应选C。
51. ［考点］逻辑推理题
【精析】D由下一句中的latter可推知，空处应填former，表示“前者”。故选D。
52. ［考点］逻辑推理题
【精析】D由前一句中的“a kind of comprehension which is written in the text”可推知，这里指后者代表更高的理解层次。故选D。
53. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】D parallel：联系，相似；similarity:相似之处；equality：平等；balance：平衡。根据上文可知，此处表达的是“两者间的平衡很重要”。故选D。
54. ［考点］词语搭配题
【精析】C from one’s point of view为固定搭配，意为“在某人看来”。故选C。
55. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】C deal：交易；relate：联系；do：做,be to do with意为“与……有关”；concern：涉及。根据上文可知，此处表达的是“不是与读什么有关，而是与怎么读有关”。故选C。
56. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】A opposed：反对的，(be) opposed to意为“反对”；contrast:对比；compare：比较；object：反对。根据下文可知，此处表达的是“与‘内容’交流不同”。故选A。
57. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】B operate：运转，操作；employ：使用，雇用；exert：运用（权力）；hire：租用。根据上文可知，此处表达的是“在阅读中使用的策略”。故选B。
58. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】C form：形成；make：使形成；developed：成熟的；shaped：呈……形状的。根据上下文可知，此处表达的是“我们的这种能力通常会相当成熟”。故选C。
59. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】B totally:完全地；precisely：恰好地；accurately：正确地；concisely：简明地。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“恰恰是这种交流很重要”。故选B。
60. ［考点］词义辨析题
【精析】A seek：设法，争取；hope:希望；look：看起来；expect：期待。根据下文可知，此处表达的是“我们设法发展我们的阅读水平”。故选A。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
61. ［考点］推理判断题
【精析】B根据第一段最后一句“All you have to do is to sign your name and take what you want out of the store without paying cash.”可知，你所要做的只是签上你的名字，不用付现金就可以把你想要的东西带出商店。由此可推知，使用信用卡的好处在于方便。故选B。
62. ［考点］推理判断题
【精析】C根据第二段最后一句“If we use them carefully, they can be helpful; but if we use them too much, they can kill us financially just as real poison can kill our body.”可知，如果我们小心谨慎地使用信用卡，那么它会很有用；可是如果我们过多地使用它，它就有可能像毒药毒害我们的身体那样在经济上毁灭我们。由此可推知，信用卡可能给人带来财务上的麻烦。故选C。
63. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】A根据第三段第一句“For any money that the user does not pay each month, the credit card company charges a percentage of that amount in interest.”可知，对于那些用卡者每月无法偿还的钱，信用卡公司会对那部分钱收取一定比率的利息，即信用卡公司会对消费者无法偿还的钱收取额外的利息。故选A。
64. ［考点］词语理解题
【精析】D根据第四段第二句“That is, they have more debts on their credit cards than they can pay.”可知，他们的信用卡上的债务超过了他们可以偿还的数目。由此可推知，这里是说超过十分之一的美国家庭花的比他们能偿还的要多。故选D。
65. ［考点］推理判断题
【精析】C根据第二段最后一句“If we use them carefully, they can be helpful; but if we use them too much， they can kill us financially just as real poison can kill our body.”可推知，使用信用卡需谨慎，否则它就会给我们造成财务问题。故选C。
Passage 2
66. ［考点］推理判断题
【精析】D根据第二段第二句“…you must be direct about the nature of your business relationship.”和最后一句“By communicating these things clearly, you avoid the risk…behave in an unprofessional manner.”可推知，关于业务关系的实质，管理者必须向员工传达清楚，只有这样才可以避免员工曲解友谊，表现得不专业。故选D。
67. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】B根据第三段第一句“Be social—to a degree.”可知，本段给管理者的建议是：他们需要进行一定程度的社交。B项意为“与员工保持一定程度的交往”，符合题意。其他三项均与第三段内容不符。故选B。
68. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】A根据最后一段第二句“Maybe you want to try to be friends with all your employees, because you think that would strengthen your team.”可知，有的管理者认为与所有的员工交朋友可以巩固他们的团队。故选A。
69. ［考点］词语理解题
【精析】C根据最后一段第三、四句“…bosses should ask their staff about their personal lives, such as their weekend plans, their families, or their children, such efforts can backfire if the manager is viewed as not sincere. It’s okay to ask occasional questions of staff…”可知，虽然一些管理培训课程强调老板应该询问员工的个人生活，但如果员工认为管理者并不是真诚的，这些努力则会产生负面的效果。由此可推知，backfire意为“（计划或行动）发生意外，产生事与愿违的结果”，与C项“产生不希望的结果”意思最为接近。故选C。
70. ［考点］主旨大意题
【精析】B通读全文可知，第一段便点明了主旨。根据第一段第一句“To be a good manager, you must be careful to distinctly define the proper boundary between yourself and your staff.”可知，要成为一个好的管理者，必须清楚地在员工和自己之间确定恰当的界限。B项意为“管理者和员工之间的恰当关系”，符合题意。故选B。
Passage 3
71. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】A根据第二段第一句“The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades ago and across thousands of articles.”和第三段第一句“…on the basis of the evidence they’ve gathered.”可知，心理学家是通过他们收集到的资料对这些学习策略进行研究和评估的，为此他们追溯到了几十年前并查阅了数千篇文章。故选A。
72. ［考点］词语理解题
【精析】D根据第二段前两句“The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades ago and across thousands of articles. It’s far too extensive and complex for the average parent, teacher or employer to look through.”可知，为了评估这些学习策略，需要追溯到几十年前并查阅数千篇文章，信息量巨大。这对于普通的家长、老师或雇主来说，内容太多，也太复杂。由此可推知，extensive意为“广泛的，大量的”，与D项“需要处理大量信息”意思最为接近。故选D。
73. ［考点］推理判断题
【精析】C根据第四段第一句“In contrast to familiar practices, the effective learning strategies with the most evidence to support them aren’t well known outside the lab.”可推知，只有少数的专家了解分散式练习策略和测试练习策略。故选C。
74. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】D根据第四段倒数第二句“It’s much more effective to look through the materials at intervals over time.”可知，分散式练习策略表明，隔一段时间复习是最好的方法。故选D。
75. ［考点］推理判断题
【精析】B根据最后一段第三句“…the mere act of calling information to mind strengthens that knowledge and aids in future retrieval.”可知，测试练习策略通过回忆信息的方式，可以帮助巩固知识和在未来进行检索。由此可推知，该策略主要是用来帮助我们更好地记忆。选项A、C、D均与文章内容不符。故选B。
Passage 4
76. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】D根据第一段最后一句“These selections make a difference in how an individual looks, how he feels, and how well he can work and play.”可知，这些选择会对一个人的精神面貌、身体状况、工作效率和休闲活动产生影响，选项A、B、C均包含在内，文中并未提及D项。故选D。
77. ［考点］词语理解题
【精析】B根据第二段第一句“When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten…as he needs and wants to be.”可知，当选择吃适量的各种食物时，人就会身体健康、精力充沛。句中已经出现了“in appropriate amounts（以合适的数量）”，所以assortment应指“种类（variety）”。a good number of:许多，后跟可数名词复数；a large quantity of:许多；a good amount of:许多，后跟不可数名词。故选B。
78. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】A根据第三段第二句“…far too many individuals of all ages are making poor choices…”可知，有太多各个年龄段的人会做出错误的选择。A项中的a great number of和文中的far too many同义，都表示“很多”。故选A。
79. ［考点］事实细节题
【精析】C根据最后一段最后一句“These include dark green, leafy vegetables; deep yellow vegetables; and citrus fruits and vegetables, such as cabbages, tomatoes, and green peppers.”可知，这些维生素的来源包括深绿色、多叶的蔬菜，深黄色的蔬菜，还有柑橘类的水果和蔬菜，比如卷心菜、番茄和青椒，选项A、B、D均包含在内，文中并未提及C项。故选C。
80. ［考点］主旨大意题
【精析】D文章第二段第一句点明了主旨“When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten…as he needs and wants to be.”即吃适量的各种各样的食物让人身体健康、精力充沛。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是让人们的饮食更加多元化，选项A、B、C均过于片面，选项D与文章大意相吻合。
Part Ⅳ Translation
81. It is not necessary for you to care about other’s comments on you.
82. We should spare no efforts to beautify our environment.
83. What matters is not how much you have learned but how to apply what you have learned.
84. For lack of unique culture, some places will not attract tourists any more.
85. When it comes to traditional Chinese festivals, most people usually spend them with their family.
86. 协会已把这次活动推迟至十月份。
87. 如果没有人遵守，制定规则也就没有多大意义了。
88. 只要我们有勇气去追求梦想，所有的梦想都有可能成真。
89. 我想我们有时候需要放慢速度，享受那些被忽视的令人愉悦的事物。
90. 我们应该记住与他人谈话时要敞开心扉，真诚待人。
Part Ⅴ Error Correction
91. 【翻译】不幸的是，我遇到了一场事故，撞上了另一辆车。
【精析】A应改为Unfortunately。这里应该用副词修饰整个句子，作整个句子的状语，因此应改为副词。
92. 【翻译】当他从一所大楼里走出来时，我真的很失望，正打算离开。
【精析】D应改为walked out of。walk out of是一个固定词组，意为“从……中走出来”。
93. 【翻译】我从小便学到我应该多一些耐心，少一些好斗。
【精析】D应改为less。and前后为平行结构，应用相同的句式，所以应将little改为less，与前面的more共同构成比较结构。
94. 【翻译】之前一直在医院接受治疗，她决定之后在家中接受治疗。
【精析】A应改为treated。逗号前的部分在句中作状语，逻辑主语为主句的主语she，she与treat之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用被动形式。
95. 【翻译】但不久后他们开始去看发生了什么。
【精析】C应改成what。分析句子结构可知，see之后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以应用what引导。which引导名词性从句时暗含选择意义，不符合句意。
96. 【翻译】让我们惊讶的是，她的丈夫过来感谢我们照顾了罗丝。
【精析】B应改为surprise。to one’s surprise为固定搭配，意为“让某人吃惊的是”。
97. 【翻译】那位经理向我们解释信用卡是如何运作的。
【精析】C应改为how。分析句子结构可知，us之后为宾语从句，作explains的宾语，从句中缺少状语，所以应用how引导，在从句中作方式状语。
98. 【翻译】这是一个如此好的宾馆，以至于我会把它推荐给任何将要去北京的朋友。
【精析】C应改为mine。在表示所属物的名词前有不定冠词、数词、不定代词（如本题中的any）修饰时，常用“of+所有格”的双重属格形式，表示“许多中的一个（或一部分）”，所以of后应用名词所有格mine。
99. 【翻译】然而，手机的使用几乎扩展到世界上的每一个角落。
【精析】B应改为is。主语中心词为use，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。
100. 【翻译】当时我没带相机，于是我冲回家去取它。
【精析】C应改为so。but表示前后两部分间为转折关系，根据句意可知，应用so作连词，表示承接。
Part Ⅵ Writing
[写作范文]
On Personal Privacy in Cyberspace
Nowadays, the most annoying problem in cyberspace is the violation of personal privacy. Phone numbers are sold for commercial uses; moreover, some accounts and passwords of e-banks are stolen and consequently personal savings are lost.
Why is personal privacy so easily violated in cyberspace? First, the legislature is responsible for the delay of making laws against such violation. Second, criminals take advantage of the flaws in the Internet system and steal personal information for illegal purposes. Third, some netizens put their important personal information on websites accidentally, giving others chances of doing harm to their privacy.
In order to stop the violation, effective measures should be taken immediately. Most urgently, laws on cyberspace should be made as soon as possible and enforced strictly. Besides, netizens should be alert and do not put important personal information online. Only by the joint effort of the whole society can cyberspace have a sound environment.
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