在學英語時，我們常常可以遇到“V+ing”的形式，那這種形式到底是動名詞還是現在分詞呢，不少同學對此類問題疑惑不解。今天就給大家詳細講一講動名詞與現在分詞的辨別方法。
現在分詞和動名詞形式相同，又都可以作定語和表語。怎麼辨別它們呢?
一、現在分詞和動名詞作定語時，主要從它們的意義、重讀和位置三方面來區別。
①現在分詞作定語時，表示它所修飾的名詞正在進行的動作，二者在邏輯上有主謂關係,因而可擴展為定語從句，讀時都要重讀。例如:
a crying baby( =a baby who is crying)
the boiling water( = the water that is boiling)
②動名詞作定語時，表示它所修飾的名詞的用途、所屬關係等，不存在邏輯上的主謂關係，因而不能擴展為定語從句，只能擴展為一個表示用途的介詞短語，讀時只重讀動名詞。例如:
a bathing suit( = a suit for bathing)一件游泳衣
drinking water( = water for drinking)飲用水
現在分詞作定語時，可以後置，而動名詞只能放在所修飾的名詞前邊。
例如:
On the day fllowing( = on the ollowing day)he left for New York.業(現在分詞)
Do you have any listening materials? (動名詞)
二、現在分詞和動名詞作表語的辨別方法:
①提問法
能用how對錶語提問的是現在分詞;能用what提問的是動名詞。例如:My job is interesting. (How is your job?)
My job is teaching. ( What is your job?)
②位置對調法
將表語和主語位置對調，句子仍然成立，且意思通順的為動名詞:香則，為現在分詞。例如:
My job is iteresting. Interesting is my job. (不成立)
My job is teaching. →Teaching is my job. (成立)
The ant queen's full time job is laying eggs. →Laying eggs is the ant queen'sfull-time job. ( 成立)
③成分添加法
表語後能帶賓語和狀語的是動名詞;表語前面能加上副詞( very ,quite,so等)或more，most加以修飾的則是現在分詞。例如:
My job is more interesting than yours. ( 現在分詞)
The news is quite astonishing. ( 現在分詞)
My job is teaching you English. ( 動名詞)
What she hated most was resting at home and doing nothing. i(動名詞)
④系動詞取代法
選用別的系動詞(例如:get, become，feel，sound,look, seem等)取代be,句子依然成立、通順的是現在分詞;不能用別的系動詞取代，只能用be的是動名詞。例如:
Seeing is believing. (動名詞)
The story is interesting. →The story sounds interesting. (現在分詞)
My job seems interesting. (成立→現在分詞)
My job seems teaching you English. (不成立→動名詞)
Exercise:
一、請判斷下列各題是現在分詞作定語還是動名詞作定語?
l. a smiling face一張 笑臉
2. a walking stick一 根手杖
3. the working people勞動人民
4. the developing countries發 展中國家
5. reading materials閱讀材料
6. the changing world變化著的世界
二、請判斷下列各題是現在分詞作表語，還是動名詞作表語?
1. The film is very moving.
2. Her job was washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
3. The situation is encouraging.
4. His duty is raising pigs.
5. It's worying to think that there is a dangerous animal in the quiet countryside.
Key:
一、1.現在分詞2.動名詞3.現在分詞 4. 現在分詞5. 動名詞6.現在分詞
二、1.分詞作表語2. 動名詞作表語3. 分詞作表語4. 動名詞作表語 5.分詞作表語
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