一、either: 兩者中的任一
----Shall I come on Tuesday or Wednesday?
--- Either day is OK.
也(用於否定句末,代替肯定句中的too, as well, also)。
He is not a worker, I am not either.
either...or...要麼……要麼……,或者……或者……
Either you or I am right. 連接主語動詞用“就近原則”。
二、neither 兩者都不
Neither of them knows me.他倆誰也不認識我。做主語時謂語單數形式。
neither...nor...既不……也不……(可以連接主語也可以連接謂語、賓語、表語等)
He has neither money nor time. 它既沒有錢,也沒有時間。
連接主語時遵守就近原則。
Neither we nor he has a lot of money.我們和他都沒有很多錢。
三、 all 全、都(三者以上),既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞。
All the books are useful to us.
All knowledge comes from practice.
all與否定詞not連用為“不完全否定”,表示“不是所有的……都……”
I don't know all of them. 他們當中我並不都認識。
All don't agree with you. = Not all agree with you. 並非所有人都同意你。
四、both 兩者都
You can take both of them.兩個你都可以拿去。
與否定詞連用表示“部分否定”。
I don't know both of them.他倆我並非都認識。
both...and...雙方都……
He can both sing and dance.他能歌善舞。
五、none一個也沒有(三者以上全部否定)
None of them has a bike. 他們誰也沒有自行車。
none作主語謂語動詞單複數均可。
代替上文中出現過的名詞,表示“什麼也沒有”,此時不能用nothing。
----How many apples are there in the fridge?
----None.
六、 each各自,每一(用於兩者或兩者以上),做主語謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數形式。
Each of us has a new pen.= We each have a new pen.
與not連用表示“部分否定”。
Each of them doesn't swim.他們並非都游泳。
七、every每個(用於三者或三者以上)不能與of 連用,只能說each of 或every one of
every(包括由every構成的everyone, everything 等不定代詞)與not 連用表示“不完全否定”。“並非每個都……”
Every student is not able to swim.不是每個學生都會游泳。
Not everybody went there.未必人人去那裡。
比較:I don't like either of the books./I like neither of the books. 兩本書我都不喜歡
I don't like any of the books 所有的書中任何一本我都不喜歡
I like none of the books 所有的書我都不喜歡
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