上篇文章我們已經大致介紹了現在完成時的結構，今天我們來討論兩個常用句式和常用搭配詞
How long have you...
在對話中，我們經常用how long have you... 專門用來問對方“你完成......多久了？”，很抽象吧，直接上例子：
時間線索1：Jill is on holiday in Italy. She is there now.
Jill 正在意大利度假，她現在正在那兒。
時間線索2：She arrived in Italy on Monday.
她是星期一到達意大利的。
時間線索3：Today is Thurday.
今天是星期四。
而與how long相對應的，我們用for 和 since 來回答：
所以 how long has Jill been in Italy?
Jill 已經在意大利多久了呢？
--Jill has been in Italy for three days.(從星期二~星期四)
Jill已經在意大利三天了。
--Jill has been in Italy since Monday.(從到達當天算起)
Jill 從星期一已經在那了。
由上可以看出，用“for+一段時間”可以表示多久了。
用“since+開始的那一天”也可以表示多久了。
我們再來看個例子：
目前時間：2020年4月
How long have you bought your car?
--I have bought my car for 5 five years.
我已經買車5年了。
也可以說
--I have bought car since 2015.
我2015年就買車了。
而部分人會把 for 和 ago 混淆，但是，主要記住for與現在完成時搭配，ago與一般過去時搭配即可。
還是以Jill的事為例：
When did Jill arrive in Italy?
--She arrived in Italy three days ago.
How long has Jill been in Italy?
--She has been in Italy for three days.
just & already & yet
在現在完成時裡還常見jsut，already，yet的搭配，到底怎麼用？什麼時候用？
Just=一小段時間之前，時間很短促，剛剛
Is Marco here?
--Yes, he has just arrived. 他剛剛到。
Are you hungry?
--No, we have just had our lunch.我們剛剛吃完午餐。
Is Tom still here?
--No, I'm afraid he has just gone. 他剛剛離開。
Already=在某人預料的情況之前已經完成
What time will Jill and Marco come?
--They've already arrived. 他們已經到了（在你的預料情況之前）
Paul, this is Mary.
--Yes, I know. We've already known each other. 我們已經互相認識彼此了。（在你的預料情況之前）
Yet=直到現在
用於否定句中：
Is Marco here?
--No, he hasn't arrived yet. 他直到現在還沒到。
Does Jill know you're going away?
--No, I haven't told her yet. 我直到現在還沒有告訴她。
用於問句中：
Have Jill and Marco arrived yet?
--No yet. We still waiting for them.
Has Crystal started her new job yet?
--No, she will start next week.
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