新闻发布时间：2020年3月27日星期五发布美国东部时间凌晨2:29

更新日期：2020年3月29日，星期日美国东部时间晚上8:46

关键点

• 一个国家的反应速度和人口统计是健康专家说死亡人数不同的两个原因。

• 意大利报告的死亡人数是中国的两倍多，而中国是在2019年末首次出现该病毒的。

• 约翰·霍普金斯大学（Johns Hopkins University）汇编的数据显示，截至周五早上，意大利有8,215人死亡，而中国为3,291人。

• 西班牙的死亡人数最近几天也急剧上升，目前至少为4365。

身穿防护服的医务人员于2020年3月24日在罗马附近的Casal Palocco医院向新的COVID 3级重症监护室治疗一名患者，用于冠状病毒COVID-19病例，该国旨在阻止该病毒传播-19（新的冠状病毒）大流行。

Alberto Pizzoli | 法新社| 盖蒂图片社

卫生专家告诉CNBC，人口统计，社会行为和较低的检测能力只是意大利和西班牙死于冠状病毒的人数最多的部分原因。

据报道，意大利的死亡人数是中国的两倍多。中国是该病毒于2019年底首次出现的国家。根据约翰·霍普金斯大学（Johns Hopkins University）汇编的数据，截至周五早上，意大利的死亡人数为8,215，而中国的死亡人数为3,291。

同时，西班牙的死亡人数最近几天急剧上升，目前为4365人，也大大高于中国。令人担忧的数字引起了人们对这些欧洲国家高死亡率的背后原因的质疑。

两位健康专家告诉CNBC，原因有很多。

反应慢

雷丁大学免疫学专家亚历山大·爱德华兹（Alexander Edwards）周四对CNBC说：“人们意识到这一病毒之前，已经传播了很多。”

他解释说，在大多数欧洲国家，人们以为爆发是“其他地方的问题”，这种最初的态度导致该病毒在意大利和西班牙等地迅速传播。

自一月中以来，该病毒的起源地中国的武汉地区已与世界其他地区隔离开来。鉴于几天来没有报道，该地区将在4月初解除部分封锁。

事后看来，极端的封锁似乎起到了积极作用，但是当时，决定让1100万人待在家里的决定对许多人来说了，而且没有成功的保证。

意大利于2月下旬在该国北部的11个城市实施了第一批封锁措施。全国封锁仅在3月9日生效。“爱德华兹对CNBC说：“意大利落后了一些。

测试能力

沃里克大学（Warwick University）的流行病学家迈克尔·蒂尔德斯利（Michael Tildesley）周四通过电话告诉CNBC，死亡率也与接受该病毒检测的人数有关。从本质上讲，接受测试的人员越多，主管部门可以做出更好的响应。

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视频04:00

随着新病例的稳定，意大利的冠状病毒死亡人数上升

结果，在像中国这样的许多人被迅速接受检查的地方，死亡人数没有意大利和西班牙的死人数高，意大利和西班牙仅对表现出冠状病毒症状的公民进行了检查。

爱德华兹补充说，在中国，带有这种病毒的人被迅速识别并隔离在卫生系统内，而不是在家中，而意大利就是这种情况。

人口

爱德华兹认为，意大利存在“双重风险因素”。他解释说，该国第一批被该病毒感染的人是老年人。

，意大利是世界第二大人口，仅次于日本。据信，年龄在60岁以上的人罹患该病毒的严重症状的风险更高。

爱德华兹对CNBC说：“每个星期天，（年轻的意大利人）都会去拜访他们的祖父母，他们亲吻他们，去教堂或一起吃饭。”他补充说，这种与老人的接触有助于在意大利传播这种病毒。

即使没有世界上最古老的人口之一，冠状病毒也正在严重打击这一年龄段。西班牙政府的数据显示，病例数最高的是：50-59 ；70-79；80岁以上。

此外，西班牙具有与意大利类似的家庭文化，据专家称，年轻人和老年人之间的接触导致更多的死亡。

沃里克大学的蒂尔德斯利说：“其中一部分也是文化的。”他补充说，与欧洲相比，中国遵守封锁措施的水平更高。

最后，有人建议，与中国相比，欧洲使用的药物种类不同可能会对冠状病毒的死亡率产生影响。但是，雷丁大学的爱德华兹说，很难说“东方与西方”医学在这种情况下是否有所作为。

在马德里市政府的这份讲义中，卫生工作者准备于2020年3月22日在西班牙马德里的Ifema展览馆接收第一批冠状病毒患者。

马德里自治区| 盖蒂图片社

本新闻来自美国消费者新闻与商业频道（CNBC）

由网友昼夜颠翻译

以下是新闻原文

Italy's coronavirus death toll is more than double China's — this might be why

PUBLISHED FRI, MAR 27 20202:29 AM EDTUPDATED SUN, MAR 29 20208:46 PM EDT

KEY POINTS

• A country's speed of response and demographic are two of the reasons heath experts said death toll differs.

• Italy has reported more than twice as many deaths than China, where the virus first emerged in late 2019.

• As of Friday morning, there had been 8,215 deaths in Italy compared to 3,291 in China, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.

• Spain's death toll has also risen sharply in recent days and it is currently at at least 4,365.

A medical worker in protective gear tends to a patient on March 24, 2020 at the new COVID 3 level intensive care unit for coronavirus COVID-19 cases at the Casal Palocco hospital near Rome, during the country's lockdown aimed at stopping the spread of the COVID-19 (new coronavirus) pandemic.

Alberto Pizzoli | AFP | Getty Images

Demographics, social behavior and lower testing capacity are just some of the reasons why Italy and Spain have the highest number of deaths in the world from the coronavirus, health experts told CNBC.

Italy has reported more than twice as many deaths than China, where the virus first emerged in late 2019. As of Friday morning, there had been 8,215 deaths in Italy compared to 3,291 in China, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.

At the same time, Spain's death toll has risen sharply in recent days and it is currently at 4,365 — also significantly above China's. The worrying figures have raised questions about what's behind these European countries' high fatality rate.

Two health experts told CNBC there are several reasons.

Slow response

"There was a lot of spread before people realized (the virus was present)," Alexander Edwards, an expert in immunology from the University of Reading, told CNBC Thursday about the situation in Italy.

He explained that in most European countries, people assumed the outbreak "was a problem elsewhere" and this initial attitude led to the fast spreading of the virus in places such as Italy and Spain.

China's Wuhan region, where the virus originated, has been shut off from the rest of the world since mid-January. The area will partially lift its lockdown in early April, given that there have been no reported for a number days.

In hindsight, the extreme lockdown appears to have had a positive effect, however at the time, the decision to tell 11 million people to stay at home seemed to many, and without a guarantee of success.

Italy implemented its first lockdown measures in late February, in 11 municipalities in the northern part of the country. A nationwide lockdown was only put in place on March 9. "Italy was a bit behind," Edwards told CNBC.

Testing capacity

The death rate is also linked to how many people are being tested for the virus, Michael Tildesley, an epidemiologist at Warwick University, told CNBC Thursday over the phone. Essentially, the more people who get tested, the better authorities can respond.

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VIDEO04:00

Italy's coronavirus death toll rises as new cases stabilize

As a result in places where many people are being tested, and quickly, such as China, the number of deaths is not as high as those seen in Italy and Spain, where only citizens showing symptoms of the coronavirus are being tested.

Edwards added that in China, people with the virus were identified quickly and isolated within the health system, rather than at home, which is what happened in Italy.

Population

There was a "double combination of risk factors" in Italy, according to Edwards. He explained that the first group of people to get hit by the virus in the country were the elderly.

that Italy has the second oldest population in the world, after Japan. Those aged above 60 are believed to be at a higher risk of having severe symptoms from the virus.

"Every Sunday, (young Italians) go see their grandparents, they kiss them, they go to church or have meals together," Edwards told CNBC, adding that this contact with the elderly helped spread the virus across Italy.

Even though does not have one of the oldest populations in the world, the coronavirus also is hitting this age bracket hard. Data from the Spanish government has shown that the with the highest number of cases are: 50-59; 70-79; and above 80.

In addition, Spain has a similar family culture to Italy, which according to the experts suggests that contact between the young and the elderly has contributed to a higher number of deaths.

"Part of it is also cultural," Tildesley, from Warwick University, said, adding that China saw a higher level of compliance with the lockdown measures compared to Europe.

Finally, there have been some suggestions that differences in the types of medicines used in Europe, compared with China, might have had an impact on the coronavirus death rate. However, Edwards from Reading University, said it was hard to say whether "Eastern versus Western" medicine made a difference in this case.

In this handout from the Comunidad de Madrid, health workers prepare to receive the first patients with coronavirus at Ifema exhibition complex on March 22, 2020 in Madrid, Spain.

Comunidad de Madrid | Getty Images