新聞發佈時間：2020年3月27日星期五發布美國東部時間凌晨2:29

更新日期：2020年3月29日，星期日美國東部時間晚上8:46

關鍵點

• 一個國家的反應速度和人口統計是健康專家說死亡人數不同的兩個原因。

• 意大利報告的死亡人數是中國的兩倍多，而中國是在2019年末首次出現該病毒的。

• 約翰·霍普金斯大學（Johns Hopkins University）彙編的數據顯示，截至週五早上，意大利有8,215人死亡，而中國為3,291人。

• 西班牙的死亡人數最近幾天也急劇上升，目前至少為4365。

身穿防護服的醫務人員於2020年3月24日在羅馬附近的Casal Palocco醫院向新的COVID 3級重症監護室治療一名患者，用於冠狀病毒COVID-19病例，該國旨在阻止該病毒傳播-19（新的冠狀病毒）大流行。

Alberto Pizzoli | 法新社| 蓋蒂圖片社

衛生專家告訴CNBC，人口統計，社會行為和較低的檢測能力只是意大利和西班牙死於冠狀病毒的人數最多的部分原因。

據報道，意大利的死亡人數是中國的兩倍多。中國是該病毒於2019年底首次出現的國家。根據約翰·霍普金斯大學（Johns Hopkins University）彙編的數據，截至週五早上，意大利的死亡人數為8,215，而中國的死亡人數為3,291。

同時，西班牙的死亡人數最近幾天急劇上升，目前為4365人，也大大高於中國。令人擔憂的數字引起了人們對這些歐洲國家高死亡率的背後原因的質疑。

兩位健康專家告訴CNBC，原因有很多。

反應慢

雷丁大學免疫學專家亞歷山大·愛德華茲（Alexander Edwards）週四對CNBC說：“人們意識到這一病毒之前，已經傳播了很多。”

他解釋說，在大多數歐洲國家，人們以為爆發是“其他地方的問題”，這種最初的態度導致該病毒在意大利和西班牙等地迅速傳播。

自一月中以來，該病毒的起源地中國的武漢地區已與世界其他地區隔離開來。鑑於幾天來沒有報道，該地區將在4月初解除部分封鎖。

事後看來，極端的封鎖似乎起到了積極作用，但是當時，決定讓1100萬人待在家裡的決定對許多人來說了，而且沒有成功的保證。

意大利於2月下旬在該國北部的11個城市實施了第一批封鎖措施。全國封鎖僅在3月9日生效。“愛德華茲對CNBC說：“意大利落後了一些。

測試能力

沃裡克大學（Warwick University）的流行病學家邁克爾·蒂爾德斯利（Michael Tildesley）週四通過電話告訴CNBC，死亡率也與接受該病毒檢測的人數有關。從本質上講，接受測試的人員越多，主管部門可以做出更好的響應。

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隨著新病例的穩定，意大利的冠狀病毒死亡人數上升

結果，在像中國這樣的許多人被迅速接受檢查的地方，死亡人數沒有意大利和西班牙的死人數高，意大利和西班牙僅對錶現出冠狀病毒症狀的公民進行了檢查。

愛德華茲補充說，在中國，帶有這種病毒的人被迅速識別並隔離在衛生系統內，而不是在家中，而意大利就是這種情況。

人口

愛德華茲認為，意大利存在“雙重風險因素”。他解釋說，該國第一批被該病毒感染的人是老年人。

，意大利是世界第二大人口，僅次於日本。據信，年齡在60歲以上的人罹患該病毒的嚴重症狀的風險更高。

愛德華茲對CNBC說：“每個星期天，（年輕的意大利人）都會去拜訪他們的祖父母，他們親吻他們，去教堂或一起吃飯。”他補充說，這種與老人的接觸有助於在意大利傳播這種病毒。

即使沒有世界上最古老的人口之一，冠狀病毒也正在嚴重打擊這一年齡段。西班牙政府的數據顯示，病例數最高的是：50-59 ；70-79；80歲以上。

此外，西班牙具有與意大利類似的家庭文化，據專家稱，年輕人和老年人之間的接觸導致更多的死亡。

沃裡克大學的蒂爾德斯利說：“其中一部分也是文化的。”他補充說，與歐洲相比，中國遵守封鎖措施的水平更高。

最後，有人建議，與中國相比，歐洲使用的藥物種類不同可能會對冠狀病毒的死亡率產生影響。但是，雷丁大學的愛德華茲說，很難說“東方與西方”醫學在這種情況下是否有所作為。

在馬德里市政府的這份講義中，衛生工作者準備於2020年3月22日在西班牙馬德里的Ifema展覽館接收第一批冠狀病毒患者。

馬德里自治區| 蓋蒂圖片社

本新聞來自美國消費者新聞與商業頻道（CNBC）

由網友晝夜顛翻譯

以下是新聞原文

Italy's coronavirus death toll is more than double China's — this might be why

PUBLISHED FRI, MAR 27 20202:29 AM EDTUPDATED SUN, MAR 29 20208:46 PM EDT

KEY POINTS

• A country's speed of response and demographic are two of the reasons heath experts said death toll differs.

• Italy has reported more than twice as many deaths than China, where the virus first emerged in late 2019.

• As of Friday morning, there had been 8,215 deaths in Italy compared to 3,291 in China, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.

• Spain's death toll has also risen sharply in recent days and it is currently at at least 4,365.

A medical worker in protective gear tends to a patient on March 24, 2020 at the new COVID 3 level intensive care unit for coronavirus COVID-19 cases at the Casal Palocco hospital near Rome, during the country's lockdown aimed at stopping the spread of the COVID-19 (new coronavirus) pandemic.

Alberto Pizzoli | AFP | Getty Images

Demographics, social behavior and lower testing capacity are just some of the reasons why Italy and Spain have the highest number of deaths in the world from the coronavirus, health experts told CNBC.

Italy has reported more than twice as many deaths than China, where the virus first emerged in late 2019. As of Friday morning, there had been 8,215 deaths in Italy compared to 3,291 in China, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.

At the same time, Spain's death toll has risen sharply in recent days and it is currently at 4,365 — also significantly above China's. The worrying figures have raised questions about what's behind these European countries' high fatality rate.

Two health experts told CNBC there are several reasons.

Slow response

"There was a lot of spread before people realized (the virus was present)," Alexander Edwards, an expert in immunology from the University of Reading, told CNBC Thursday about the situation in Italy.

He explained that in most European countries, people assumed the outbreak "was a problem elsewhere" and this initial attitude led to the fast spreading of the virus in places such as Italy and Spain.

China's Wuhan region, where the virus originated, has been shut off from the rest of the world since mid-January. The area will partially lift its lockdown in early April, given that there have been no reported for a number days.

In hindsight, the extreme lockdown appears to have had a positive effect, however at the time, the decision to tell 11 million people to stay at home seemed to many, and without a guarantee of success.

Italy implemented its first lockdown measures in late February, in 11 municipalities in the northern part of the country. A nationwide lockdown was only put in place on March 9. "Italy was a bit behind," Edwards told CNBC.

Testing capacity

The death rate is also linked to how many people are being tested for the virus, Michael Tildesley, an epidemiologist at Warwick University, told CNBC Thursday over the phone. Essentially, the more people who get tested, the better authorities can respond.

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Italy's coronavirus death toll rises as new cases stabilize

As a result in places where many people are being tested, and quickly, such as China, the number of deaths is not as high as those seen in Italy and Spain, where only citizens showing symptoms of the coronavirus are being tested.

Edwards added that in China, people with the virus were identified quickly and isolated within the health system, rather than at home, which is what happened in Italy.

Population

There was a "double combination of risk factors" in Italy, according to Edwards. He explained that the first group of people to get hit by the virus in the country were the elderly.

that Italy has the second oldest population in the world, after Japan. Those aged above 60 are believed to be at a higher risk of having severe symptoms from the virus.

"Every Sunday, (young Italians) go see their grandparents, they kiss them, they go to church or have meals together," Edwards told CNBC, adding that this contact with the elderly helped spread the virus across Italy.

Even though does not have one of the oldest populations in the world, the coronavirus also is hitting this age bracket hard. Data from the Spanish government has shown that the with the highest number of cases are: 50-59; 70-79; and above 80.

In addition, Spain has a similar family culture to Italy, which according to the experts suggests that contact between the young and the elderly has contributed to a higher number of deaths.

"Part of it is also cultural," Tildesley, from Warwick University, said, adding that China saw a higher level of compliance with the lockdown measures compared to Europe.

Finally, there have been some suggestions that differences in the types of medicines used in Europe, compared with China, might have had an impact on the coronavirus death rate. However, Edwards from Reading University, said it was hard to say whether "Eastern versus Western" medicine made a difference in this case.

In this handout from the Comunidad de Madrid, health workers prepare to receive the first patients with coronavirus at Ifema exhibition complex on March 22, 2020 in Madrid, Spain.

Comunidad de Madrid | Getty Images