什么是副词从句?(状语从句)
副词从句,顾名思义,就是那个起到副词作用的从句,由主语和动词组成。
在每个副词从句的开头,都有一个从属连词。
包括: after, although, because, and if 。
副词从句(状语从句)有什么用?
句子中使用副词从句,以向您的内容添加相关的描述性信息。
副词从句的灵活性很强,可以在句子的不同部分使用。
例如,可以根据需要将它们放置在句子的开头,中间或结尾。
副词从句(状语从句)位于句子起始:
副词从句谓语句子起始的时候,一般后面会跟随逗号,把副词从句和后面的句子隔离。
副词从句(状语从句)位于句子中间:
此时会有逗号将句子中间的副词从句分开。 因为这是一种不同寻常的表达,最先想要表达的意思被中间的副词从句隔断了。
下面是一个示例:
副词从句(状语从句)位于句子结尾:
副词从句放在句子末尾时,不需要任何其他标点符号。
例如:
副词从句(状语从句)的类型
如果不确定某个从句是否为副词从句,请检查主语和动词。 如果它由一个动词和一个主语组成,并且确实回答了when, where, how的问题,那么它就是一个副词从句。
您应该永远记住正确使用副词从句,因为它们会增加描述性信息,从而使您的文字更加具有详实。
状语从句分为以下几类:
- 地点状语
- 时间状语
- 原因状语
- 目的状语
- 条件状语
地点状语从句:
地点状语从句表示地点、 方位, 这类从句通常由where、wherever等引导。地点状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。
- Where there is a party, there is enjoyment.
- We went home, where we had dinner. 此句是where引导的"非限制性"定语从句,这里"where"= at home(先行词是home)从句还原" we had dinner at home"全句译:我们回到家,在家里吃了顿饭.
- I walk into the canteen where students are eating. 此句也是where 引导的定语从句,与上句不同之处在于此句是一个"限制性"定语从句.全句译:我走进了这个同学们都在吃饭的食堂。(限定说明了是一个什么样的食堂)
- Go back where you came from.(where引导地点状语从句)
时间状语从句:
用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语,这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。连接时间状语从句的连接词有:when, before, after, while, as soon as, until, since...... 这里要注意一点的是,如果主句是一般将来时,从句只能用一般现在时表示将来意义。
- When the referee brews the final whistle, all the players left the pitch.
- After the exams are done, we will all leave the school compound.
- When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候,你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
- Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.(我们的校长边谈边笑。)
- While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词,was reading和was watching同时发生) 。
- It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。
- I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了。
原因状语从句:
原因状语从句指在句中用来说明主句原因的从句。引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because(因为), as(由于), since(既然), now(that)(既然), when(既然), seeing (that) (由于,鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到), given (that) (考虑到),for(为)等。
- She won the race because she had done enough practice.
- She was arrested because he stole the neighbor’s umbrella.
- The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因为洗涤的方法不好而缩水。
- Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors.
- You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.
- Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.
目的状语从句:
目的状语从句:从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的状语从句。
表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导;
目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, will, would等情态动词。
- You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
- He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.
- Better takes more clothes in case the weather is cold.
- He eats a balanced diet every day to stay healthy.
- He drinks two glasses of water after every day because the doctor has advised him to do so.
- Say it louder (so) that everyone can hear you.
<code>【注意】in order that与in order to的区别:
in order that+从句
in order to+动词原形 ( in order to后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句,叫目的状语)
in order to 为了,后接动词原形,做目的状语。
i get up early in order to catch the early bus.
in order that 为了,后接从句,做目的状语。
i get up early in order that i can catch the early bus./<code>
条件状语从句:
由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中,条件是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译作“假如”。
注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词,从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则](主将从现,将并非指将来时,还指表示将来含义的,跟着if后的那句话是从句。
<code>但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,
如but for,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
如:but for若非,要不是
But for the rain,we should have a pleasant journey.
要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。
But for your help,we should not have finished in time.
要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务
经典语句:
If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.
If you open the door,i will come in./<code>
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