语法真简单:从句(4)

什么是副词从句?(状语从句)

副词从句,顾名思义,就是那个起到副词作用的从句,由主语和动词组成。

在每个副词从句的开头,都有一个从属连词。

包括: after, although, because, and if 。


副词从句(状语从句)有什么用?

句子中使用副词从句,以向您的内容添加相关的描述性信息。

副词从句的灵活性很强,可以在句子的不同部分使用。

例如,可以根据需要将它们放置在句子的开头,中间或结尾。


副词从句(状语从句)位于句子起始:

副词从句谓语句子起始的时候,一般后面会跟随逗号,把副词从句和后面的句子隔离。

  • Whether you like it or not, you have to attend the afternoon lessons.
  • Unless
    you apologize, you will be punished.
  • Unless you put more effort into your studies, you will not excel.

  • 副词从句(状语从句)位于句子中间:

    此时会有逗号将句子中间的副词从句分开。 因为这是一种不同寻常的表达,最先想要表达的意思被中间的副词从句隔断了。

    下面是一个示例:

  • Dogs, although they bark, they cannot scare visitors.
  • James, although he is good at mathematics, he cannot score everything.
  • Chocolate, due to
    its low melting point, can never be used to bake.

  • 副词从句(状语从句)位于句子结尾:

    副词从句放在句子末尾时,不需要任何其他标点符号。

    例如:

  • You need to keep on practicing the song until you get it right.
  • Give us a call when you get past Melbourne.
  • The day so was long because we were completely idle.
  • You need to remain calm even if something does not go as planned.
  • I won’t let you watch the video clip even though you are 18 years and above.
  • I never knew how good life was until I met you.

  • 副词从句(状语从句)的类型

    如果不确定某个从句是否为副词从句,请检查主语和动词。 如果它由一个动词和一个主语组成,并且确实回答了when, where, how的问题,那么它就是一个副词从句。

    您应该永远记住正确使用副词从句,因为它们会增加描述性信息,从而使您的文字更加具有详实。


    状语从句分为以下几类:

    • 地点状语
    • 时间状语
    • 原因状语
    • 目的状语
    • 条件状语


    地点状语从句:

    地点状语从句表示地点、 方位, 这类从句通常由where、wherever等引导。地点状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。

    • Where there is a party, there is enjoyment.
    • We went home, where we had dinner. 此句是where引导的"非限制性"定语从句,这里"where"= at home(先行词是home)从句还原" we had dinner at home"全句译:我们回到家,在家里吃了顿饭.
    • I walk into the canteen where students are eating. 此句也是where 引导的定语从句,与上句不同之处在于此句是一个"限制性"定语从句.全句译:我走进了这个同学们都在吃饭的食堂。(限定说明了是一个什么样的食堂)
    • Go back where you came from.(where引导地点状语从句)


    时间状语从句:

    用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语,这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。连接时间状语从句的连接词有:when, before, after, while, as soon as, until, since...... 这里要注意一点的是,如果主句是一般将来时,从句只能用一般现在时表示将来意义。

    • When the referee brews the final whistle, all the players left the pitch.
    • After the exams are done, we will all leave the school compound.
    • When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候,你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
    • Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.(我们的校长边谈边笑。)
    • While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词,was reading和was watching同时发生) 。
    • It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。
    • I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了。


    原因状语从句:

    原因状语从句指在句中用来说明主句原因的从句。引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because(因为), as(由于), since(既然), now(that)(既然), when(既然), seeing (that) (由于,鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到), given (that) (考虑到),for(为)等。

    • She won the race because she had done enough practice.
    • She was arrested because he stole the neighbor’s umbrella.
    • The woolly shrank because it was washed badly.  毛衣因为洗涤的方法不好而缩水。
    • Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors.
    • You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.
    • Since you are free today,
      you had better help me with my mathematics.


    目的状语从句:

    目的状语从句:从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的状语从句。

    表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导;

    目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, will, would等情态动词。

    • You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
    • He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.
    • Better takes more clothes in case the weather is cold.
    • He eats a balanced diet every day to stay healthy.
    • He drinks two glasses of water after every day because the doctor has advised him to do so.
    • Say it louder (so) that everyone can hear you.
    <code>【注意】in order that与in order to的区别: 

    in order that+从句
    in order to+动词原形 ( in order to后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句,叫目的状语)

    in order to 为了,后接动词原形,做目的状语。
    i get up early in order to catch the early bus.

    in order that 为了,后接从句,做目的状语。
    i get up early in order that i can catch the early bus./<code>


    条件状语从句:

    由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中,条件是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译作“假如”。

    注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词,从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则](主将从现,将并非指将来时,还指表示将来含义的,跟着if后的那句话是从句。


  • You can buy a new home if you save money.
  • Unless you work hard, you will not do well in your exams.
  • If you ask him,he will help you.   如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
  • If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.   如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的
  • You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
  • Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
  • I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保密。
  • You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。
  • He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms.如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字。
  • He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。
  • Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗? 
  • Supposing anything should go wrong,what would you do then?假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?
  • <code>但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,
    如but for,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
    如:but for若非,要不是
    But for the rain,we should have a pleasant journey.
    要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。

    But for your help,we should not have finished in time.
    要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务

    经典语句:
    If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.
    If you open the door,i will come in./<code>


    语法真简单:从句(4)

    状语从句


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