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2010年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
Task One: Vocabulary and Grammatical Structure
Section A
Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to interpret the meanings of words in different contexts. Read each of the following sentences carefully and select one word or phrase from the four choices that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in each sentence, and then write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20 %)
1．
The invention of the thermometer is attributed to Galileo.
A. charged
B. given
C. told
D. credited
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：温度计的发明归功于伽利略。be credited to把……归功于。
2．When an aircraft travels at subsonic speeds, the sounds that it generates extend in all directions.
A. creates
B. manufactures
C. powers
D. spawns
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：当一架飞机以亚音速飞行时，它发出的声音会传向各个方向。generate使形成；发生。spawn使大量出现；产卵。
3．It is disputable how far down in the animal series lymphoid tissue is found.
A. uncertain
B. scandalous
C. disagreeable
D. surprising
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：关于淋巴组织发现于多久以前的动物这一问题存在争议。disputable有争议的。scandalous可耻的；诽谤性的。disagreeable不愉快的；厌恶的。
4．Project Head Start, which was inaugurated in the United States in 1965, is a federally funded preschool program for economically and culturally disadvantaged children.
A. installed
B. initiated
C. conceived
D. crafted
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：“先行计划”1965年发起于美国，是一个学前教育项目，联邦资助经济和文化方面的弱势儿童。inaugurate创新；开辟。initiate开始；发起。install安装；任命。conceive构思。craft精巧地制作。
5．During the 300 years between its introduction into medicine and World War I, quinine was the only effective remedy for malaria.
A. solution
B. plan
C. bacteria
D. treatment
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：在初次用于药物到第一次世界大战的300年间，奎宁是治疗疟疾的唯一有效药物。remedy补救；治疗。
6．
Castor oil and its derivatives are used in cosmetics, hair oils, and medicines.
A. products
B. elements
C. relatives
D. sources
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：蓖麻油及其衍生物可用于制作化妆品、发油和药物。derivative衍生物，派生物。
7．Grand Teton National Park embraces the most scenic portion of the glaciated, snow-covered Teton Range.
A. excludes
B. contains
C. dominates
D. fulfills
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：大提顿国家公园包含覆盖着冰川和白雪的特顿山脉风景最美的部分。embrace拥抱；包含。
8．Scientists generally hold that language has been so long in use that the length of time writing is known to cover is trifling in comparison.
A. overwhelming
B. insignificant
C. astounding
D. uninspiring
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：科学家们普遍认为，人们使用语言的时间如此长，以至于使用书写的时间与之相比也微不足道了。trifling不重要的，微不足道的。insignificant无关紧要的。overwhelming压倒性的；势不可挡的。astounding令人震惊的。uninspiring不令人振奋的。
9．Malaria is an infectious parasitic disease that can be either acute or chronic and is frequently recurrent.
A. repeating
B. terminal
C. debilitating
D. unhealthy
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：疟疾是一种传染性寄生虫病，可能是急性也可能是慢性，而且经常复发。recurrent复发的；周期性的
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