Most parents-to-be assume that the sex of their child comes down to a flip of the chromosomal coin
大多數的準父母都假設孩子的性別實際上就像丟染色體的硬幣一樣,
with an equal chance of having a boy or girl
男孩女孩的幾率是相等的
But in reality, the odds aren't even
但事實上,幾率並不相等。
For every 100 girls born, the world gains about 106 baby boys
每100個女孩出生,整個世界就會增加106個男子孩
Currently, that skewed sex ratio comes out to roughly 10 million more baby boys than girls born worldwide each year
當前,傾斜的性別比導致全世界每年出生的男嬰比女嬰多大概一千萬人。
There are some countries where human meddling stacks the odds even higher in favor of boys
些國家的人為操控導致男嬰比率更高,
but that doesn't explain the fixed odds everywhere else
但這並不能解釋其他地方的固定概率。
The intrinsic boy/girl ratio is rigged by Mother Nature
男女的固定比例早已受到大自然母親的操縱。
In fact, it's even more rigged than birth rates show
事實上,這要比出生率所表現出來的更受操縱。
Human conception results in about 150 male zygotes for every 100 females
人類懷孕的結果是每100個女性就會有150個男性受精卵
But theres a rather tragic reason for this big biological boy-bias early on,
但是在早期,這種生物學上的男性偏好還有一個相當悲劇的原因,
male fetuses are much more likely to be miscarried or stillborn than female fetuses
就是男胎比女胎更容易流產或死胎,
and boys that do make it of the womb suffer more fatal diseases, take more mortal risks and fall prey to more violence than girls
那些存活下來的男胎比女胎更易染上致命疾病,承擔更多致命危險,遭遇更多暴力。
So by the time kids grow up and reach baby-making age, the ratio of males to females is just about 1 to 1.
所以當孩子長大,到了生育期後,男女比例就趨近
But the likelihood of a boy even making it to birth is also influenced by his moms livingconditions during pregnancy
但是男胎順利生產的可能性也受到母親懷孕期間生存環境的影響。
For example, when a massive famine struck China in the 1960s
比如,在20世紀70年代,中國就遭遇一場大饑荒
the relative likelihood of having a son suddenly dropped, until the famine ended
生男孩的相對可能性突然下降,直到大饑荒結束。
And male Americans born to billionaires seem to have higher than average odds of fathering sons
而出生於億萬富翁家庭的美國男性生兒子的幾率似乎高於平均水平。
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