鵬
關鍵在於斷句。
再長的句子，只要斷對了，就不復雜。我特意從今年的高考和考研英語真題裡，各挑了一個長句子來分析。考研英語真題裡的長句子，只要方法對了，不難。
說到斷句，首先是個怎麼斷的問題。砍去從句和修飾的定語狀語，句子會變為簡單句。
簡單句有五種：
可見簡單句裡，必須有主語和謂語動詞/系動詞。但是有些時候主語也可能被省略。所以，一個句子裡，一定有的，只有動詞/系動詞。斷句的標準就是找到動詞/系動詞並以此確定全句。
Moran says one of the problem with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.
上句中，動詞/系動詞有三個，所以，我們能從中提取出三個句子。
- Moran says something.
- The problem with jazz today is something.
- The entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.
他們的邏輯關係如下：
可以看出，第二個句子是第一個句子的賓語，第三個句子是第二個句子的表語。這是個三重從句結構。
所以，全劇句意思是，Moran說，爵士樂現在的問題是，其娛樂方面被弄丟了。
His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
這個句子裡有四個動詞，所以可以分出四個句子。其中end用作動詞，意思是終結。
- His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among someone.
- who may believe something
- the global position of English is so stable
- the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
其邏輯關係如下：
由上圖可見，主句是個定語從句，從句做定語修飾賓語 any self-contentedness.分析終結了某些人的自信。
第一層從句是主謂賓結構。某人信某事。
第三層第四層是因果關係的並列句。英語的全球地位如此穩固，以至於英國的少年一代不用掌握其它語言。
所以，意思是：他的分析因此會終結 一些人的自滿情緒。那些人相信英語的全球地位是如此穩固，以至於英國的少年一代不用掌握其它語言。
英語學人
咱們就以新概念第四冊，第二十八的一個長句來分析一下。
The majority of the patients attending the medical out-patients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment, and the doctor in charge of the department is only too ready to provide them with these requirements.
分析這種長句首先要看它有幾個限定動詞短語，也就是謂語。然後在看每個謂語的主語是誰。有幾個主謂結構就有幾個句子。最後再看各句之間的關係。
這句話中四個謂語，分別是feel其主語是The majority of the patients attending the medical out-patients depart，第二個謂語是have not received，主語是they。第三個謂語是are able to carry。第四個謂語是is，主語是the doctor in charge of the department。剩下就是看各句之間的關係了。
既然要分析長句，我想你的英語不會太差，咱們就用中英雙語進行分析。
This is a coordinated sentence. 這是個並列句。The first clause is第一個分句是 ‘The majority of the patients….’ The second clause is 第二個分句是‘the doctor in charge of the department……’
‘attending the medical……our hospitals’ is attributive modifying是定語修飾 ‘The majority of the patients’ . ‘that they have not received …… ointment’ is an object clause是賓語從句. ‘unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment’ is adverbial clause of concession in the object clause. 是賓語從句中的讓步狀語從句‘some tangible remedy’ is the object in the adverbial clause of concession是讓步狀語從句中的賓語. ‘in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment’ is attributive modifying是定語修飾 ‘some tangible remedy’. The main structure of the first half of this sentence is前半句的主要結構是: The majority of the patients feel that……
這個事實證實了現代人對藥物的依賴。在醫院門診部看病的大多數人覺得，如果不能帶回一些看得見、摸得著的藥物，如一瓶藥水，一盒藥丸、一小瓶藥膏回家的話，就沒算得到了充分的治療。負責門診的醫生也非常樂意為前來看病的人提供他們想要得到的藥物，
散木17
在翻譯長句的時候，無論多麼複雜的句子，都是由一些基本的成分構成，其次要弄清楚英語原文的句法結構，找出整個句子中的中心內容以及意思，再按照漢語的特點和方式，正確的翻譯出原文的意思就可以了。
第一:找出主謂賓語，這也是最基本的，從整體上去把握。
第二:找出謂語的結構、非謂語動詞以及從句引導詞。
第三:分析從句以及短語的功能。
第四:正確分析句子的結構
最後，在閱讀任何形式的長句，不管句子多長，我們要分清各個句子中的主謂(表)賓語即可，因為這是一個句子清晰的主要條件，抓住了主要的條件，句子基本的意思就很明顯了。
陌上竹葉一琴絃
一 . 不定式做主語
1. But it is worth trying, for to understand the initial shock of those images is to understand the extraordinarypower and magic of cinema, the unique, hypnotic quality that has made film themost dynamic, effective art form of the 20th century.
整個句子是因果關係，而but表示的是整個句子與其他句子之間的轉折，for引導的是原因狀語從句。
for引導的原因狀語從句中，是一個主系表結構，主語為動詞不定式，be動詞後接不定式做表語。
that引導定語從句，修飾quality，that做主語，make+賓語+賓語補足語
翻譯：但這是值得嘗試的，因為理解這些影像最初的震撼就是理解電影的魅力和影響，獨特性，和使電影成為20世紀更具活力和給人印象深刻的藝術形式的催眠品質。
2. Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, too, the difficulty lies not in the inferential processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and theprocedure.
主句為“Recent work is of great interest”，for引導原因狀語從句，it is show that 賓語從句，賓語從句的主語為“the difficulty”，謂語“lies not in”，but並列2個賓語。
翻譯：Simon Hewson在這方面的最新研究非常有意思，因為它解釋了同樣對於沒有經驗的兒童來說，困難也不在於該任務要求的推理過程，而是在於裝置和步驟的某些複雜特性。
3. Even with a massive effort, it is doubtful that complete eradication of Spartina from nonnative habitats is possible, for it has become an integral part of these shorelines and estuaries during the last 100 to 200 years.
it is doubtful 為強調句，for引導原因狀語從句
4. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.
5. To believe that a culture'sachievement can be measured by the volume of its written materials requires one to respect that a page of junk mail is as valuable as a page of greatliterature.
to do 做主語，respect引導賓語從句
6. To think of geniuses and the gifted as having uniquely differently brains is only reasonable if we accept that each human brain is uniquely different.
to do 做主語，if引導條件狀語從句
