奧斯卡獲獎感言為什麼被批為grandstanding?看這些句子就能明白

和往年一樣,在第92屆奧斯卡頒獎禮上,摘取各種大獎的獲獎者都會在接受金像之後發表感言,絕大多數獲獎者都會大發感慨、大發議論,但他們感慨和議論的往往不是獲獎本身的事,而是發表道德演說,突顯他們的道德正確,站在道德高地上的是他們。對於這一幾乎成為傳統的獲獎演講,有人提出了質疑。就在奧斯卡頒獎結束的第二天,有兩位美國大學的助理教授發表題為Oscar acceptance speeches: When moral outrage verges on grandstanding的評論指出,不分場合,隨意發洩道德義憤實際上是在譁眾取寵,尤其是公眾人物應該注意可能產生的不良後果。這一觀點有很好的借鑑意義,同時作為英語學習者和愛好者應該藉此機會瞭解一下與grandstanding有關的詞彙、表達方式和句子。以下是從這篇評論文章選取的15個句子,既有批評grandstanding的含義,又是比較典型地道的具有學術性的英語表述,我們可以把它們作為英語學習語料庫的內容加以學習和應用。下面既是關於所選的15個句子的詞彙釋義、語法解析和翻譯,供有興趣的讀者參考。

奧斯卡獲獎感言為什麼被批為grandstanding?看這些句子就能明白


1. The Academy Awards were Sunday night, and we all know what that means: the year's best films, high fashion on the red carpet, and a heavy dose of moral scolding from Hollywood stars.

詞彙釋義:

1. academy:學院

2. award:獎,

3. dose:(大量的)一份,一次,一批,一場

4. scolding:斥責,責罵

語法解析:

The Academy Awards were Sunday night —— 可看作是The Academy Awards were (held)on Sunday night。

what that means —— 動詞know的賓語從句。

句子翻譯:

學院獎在週日晚上舉行了,大家都知道這意味著什麼:本年度的最佳電影,紅毯高端時尚,加上好萊塢明星不絕於耳的道德訓誡。


2. Such warnings aside, this year's award ceremonies extended the long tradition of stars using Hollywood's biggest nights to signal both to their peers and to the folks at home that they have the right moral values.

詞彙釋義:

aside:不考慮

ceremony:儀式

extend:伸長,擴大,延續

signal:顯示

peer:同行

folk:親屬,家屬

value:價值觀

語法解析:

such warnings aside —— 獨立主格,名詞+副詞表示邏輯上的主謂關係。

using Hollywood's biggest nights… —— 現在分詞短語作定語修飾stars。

that they have the right moral values —— 動詞singnal的賓語從句。

句子翻譯:

本年度的頒獎禮對這類警告置若罔聞,繼續發揚行之已久的傳統,讓明星們利用好萊塢最盛大的夜晚向同行和家人顯示他們懷有正確的道德觀。


3. But frequently, people who use moral talk this way are also engaging in moral grandstanding -- trying to show off how good they are.

詞彙釋義:

frequently:頻繁地

engage:做,從事

grandstand:譁眾取寵

show off:炫耀

語法解析:

-- trying to show off how good they are —— 破折號引導補充成分說明grandstanding。

句子翻譯:

但頻繁出現的情況是,如此利用道德說教的人也同時在進行道德上的譁眾取寵 —— 極力炫耀他們的好品行。


4. But someone can sincerely believe they have the best moral values and still use their public discourse to try to project an impressive image of themselves.

詞彙釋義:

sincerely:真誠地,誠實地

discourse:講述,論述

project:展現,展示

project:印象深刻的

語法解析:

still use their public discourse… —— 和主句的can… believe構成並列謂語。

句子翻譯:

但是有人可能會真誠地相信他們擁有最佳道德觀而且還在利用公開講話爭取展現出令人印象深刻的形象。


5. It's often difficult to know whether someone is using their moral talk for show in this way, just like it's hard to know whether people who sincerely mention their large incomes in conversation over dinner during tax season are also trying to brag.

詞彙釋義:

income:收入

tax:稅收

brag:吹噓,炫耀

語法解析:

whether… —— 連詞引導賓語從句。

just like… —— 副詞+連詞引導狀語從句。

who sincerely mention… —— 定語從句修飾people。

句子翻譯:

人們很難知道是否有人是在如此利用道德說教進行炫耀,就像人們很難知道在繳稅季聚餐會上那些嚴肅地提及自己的高收入的人也是在努力炫耀。


6. When grandstanders get together, a moral arms race can break out, with each person trying to outdo the rest with increasingly ramped up moral pronouncements.

詞彙釋義:

grandstander:譁眾取寵的人

arm:裝備,軍備

race:競賽:

break out:爆發

outdo:超過

ramp up:加速,加大

pronouncement:公告,宣告

語法解析:

with each person trying to… —— 獨立主格。

句子翻譯:

當喜歡譁眾取寵的人聚在一起的時候,道德上的軍備競賽可能就會爆發,而每個人都在不斷加碼宣示道德以爭取超過其他人。


7. Like dogmatic know-it-alls, grandstanders dismiss those who disagree with them as being beneath contempt, unworthy of a conversation.

詞彙釋義:

dogmatic:自以為是的,固執己見的

know-it-all:自以為無所不知的人

dismiss:不考慮,不屑於

contempt:蔑視,藐視

unworthy:不配的,不值的

語法解析:

dismiss those who disagree with them as being… —— dismiss接賓語those…,who…定語從句修飾those,as…介詞短語作狀語。

句子翻譯:

如同那些自以為是無所不知的人一樣,譁眾取寵的人對於與不同意他們觀點的人非常不屑,認為他們非常鄙視,不值與談。

奧斯卡獲獎感言為什麼被批為grandstanding?看這些句子就能明白


8. Each of us has instant access to an audience of friends, acquaintances or even millions of strangers whom we might try to impress with our moral pronouncements.

詞彙釋義:

instant:即時的,即刻的

access:接近(或面見)的機會(或權利)

audience:會見

acquaintance:熟人

impress:(使)留下印象

語法解析:

whom we might try to… —— whom關係代詞引導定語從句

句子翻譯:

我們每個人都隨時有機會接觸朋友,熟人,甚至數以百萬計的陌生人,我們可能會試圖通過道德宣示給他們留下深刻印象。


9. Although it's easy to use social media to impress others, grandstanding is bad, and we should avoid treating public discourse as a vanity project, whether we are celebrities winning Oscars or tweeting to our like-minded friends.

詞彙釋義:

vanity:虛榮

project:項目

celebrity:名人

tweet:在推特上發文

like-minded:志趣相投的

語法解析:

grandstanding is bad, and we should avoid… —— 並列主句。

Although it's easy…和whether we are celebrities… —— 狀語從句。

winning… or tweeting… —— 並列現在分詞短語作定語修飾celebrities。

句子翻譯:

雖然使用社交媒體給別人留下深刻印象是很容易的,但譁眾取寵卻很糟糕,而我們應該避免把公開講話當作一個虛榮的項目,不管我們是贏得奧斯卡獎的名人,還是在推特上給志趣相投的朋友發推文的名人。

10. In fact, because so much about our identities is determined by how we think we compare to others, we go to great lengths to maintain our image as being morally superior.

詞彙釋義:

Identity:身份

determine:確定

go to great length:竭盡全力

maintain:保持,維持

superior:優越的

語法解析:

so much about our identities is determined... —— much是主語,about... 是定語,is determined 是系表結構。

how we think we compare to others —— 介詞by的賓語從句。

being morally superior —— 動名詞短語作介詞as的賓語。

句子翻譯:

事實上,由於我們的身份很大程度上取決於我們如何看待我們與他人相比較,所以我們都竭盡全力維護我們道德上的優越形象。


11. In a quest to impress peers or embarrass enemies, grandstanders trump up obscure moral charges, perpetually searching for new features of the world to occasion a demonstration of their high moral standards.

詞彙釋義:

trump up:捏造,偽造

obscure:模糊的

charge:指控

perpetually:永久地

feature:特徵

occasion:造成,導致

demonstration:展示

standard:標準

語法解析:

perpetually searching for… —— 副詞+現在分詞短語作狀語修飾謂語。

句子翻譯:

為了打動同行或讓敵人難堪,譁眾取寵的人捏造模糊的道德指控,不斷尋找世界的新特徵,以展示他們的高尚的道德標準。

12. Excessive uses of outrage also lead to outrage exhaustion, making it more difficult to feel and express anger when it's required for purposes more important than the promotion of reputation.

詞彙釋義:

excessive:過度的,過分的

outrage:憤怒,義憤

exhaustion:耗盡,枯竭

reputation:聲譽

語法解析:

making it more difficult… —— 現在分詞短語作狀語。

when it's required… —— 作現在分詞短語making… 的狀語從句

句子翻譯:

過度使用憤怒也會導致憤怒的枯竭,其結果是,當出於比維護名譽還重要的目而需要感受和表達憤怒時,反倒更難感受和表達憤怒了。


13. Furthermore, studies show that littering public discourse with even more accusations and blame is unlikely to help people improve their behavior.

詞彙釋義:

litter:(使)凌亂

accusation:控告,譴責

blame:責備

unlikely:不可能的

語法解析:

littering public discourse with even more accusations and blame —— 動名詞短語作主語。

句子翻譯:

此外,研究表明,在公開講話中胡亂譴責和指責,不太可能幫助人們改善自己的行為。

奧斯卡獲獎感言為什麼被批為grandstanding?看這些句子就能明白


14. We can also redirect our natural desire for esteem and praise to projects that accomplish something productive.

詞彙釋義:

redirect:重新調整,改變

esteem:尊重

accomplish:完成

productive:有成效的

語法解析:

that accomplish something productive —— 定語從句修飾projects。

句子翻譯:

我們還可以重新將我們對尊重和讚美的天然渴望轉向能夠取得成效的項目。

15. It's tempting to watch celebrities who promote their favored causes with self-indulgent speeches and conclude that they're uniquely guilty of grandstanding.

詞彙釋義:

tempting:誘人的

cause:事業

self-indulgent:自我放縱的

conclude:作結論

uniquely:唯一

guilty:感到羞愧,感到有罪

語法解析:

It's tempting to watch… and conclude… —— 並列動詞不定式短語作邏輯主語。

who promote their favored causes with self-indulgent speeches —— 定語從句修飾celebrities。

that they're uniquely guilty of grandstanding —— conclude的賓語從句。

句子翻譯:

很誘人的是,人們可以關注名人通過自我放縱的演講來推廣自己鍾愛的事業,並因此得出結論,他們是唯一應該為譁眾取寵感到羞愧的一群人。


最後,知道grandstanding是什麼意思了吧?就是playing or acting so as to impress onlookers,漢語的意思是譁眾取寵。


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