先請看下面的經典試題：
---I'm not going swimming this afternoon.
--- _____ .I have to help my mother do some cleaning
A. So am I B. So I am
C. Neither am I D. Neither I am
【易錯選項】選A
【易錯原因】未掌握so，neither引導的倒裝句的區別。倒裝句要避免先入為主的想當然思想。
【正確答案】C
【試題解析】上句為否定句，所以此處要用 neither引導句子，排除A、B；表示“我也不打算去”要用“ Neither am I.”，故選C。
下面具體探討與so有關的幾個考點：：
1.so通常置於所修飾的形容詞、副詞之前.
so修飾“a(an)＋形容詞＋名詞”時,排列順序為“so＋形容詞+a（an）＋名詞”.如：
I”ve never seen so amusing a film.
我從來沒有看過這麼有趣的電影.
此時要注意與such的區別,即such修飾“a（an）+形容詞＋名詞”,排列順序為such +a（an）+形容詞＋名詞.如：
I”ve never seen such a beautiful lake.
我從未見過這麼美麗的湖.
此時要注意：a,an置於such之後,但no,any,some,all,many等則置於such之前.如：
I”ve heard of some such rumors.
我聽到過一些這樣的謠傳.
(1) so + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數名詞 + that從句 = such + a/an + 形容詞 + 單數名詞+ that從句。例如：
It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. = It was such a fine day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.
昨天天氣很好，我們都出去野餐了。
It is so good a movie that everyone who saw it praises it very much.
這是一部非常好的電影，以至於每一個看過它的人都非常稱讚它。
(2) such + 形容詞 + 複數名詞/不可數名詞 + that從句。 例如：
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他們都是很好的學生，老師喜歡他們。
It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天氣很好，我們去游泳了。
(3)當that前的名詞有表示數量多少的many, much, few, little等修飾時，只能用so，不能用such。 例如：
There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher.
外面嘈雜聲很大，以致我們不能聽到老師的話。
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他跌了這麼多的跤，以致全身青一塊、紫一塊的。
2.so＋系動詞（助動詞或情態動詞）＋另一主語.（倒裝結構句型）
此句型是主謂倒裝結構,表示前句所述肯定情況也適用於另一主語.其中so作“也這樣；也如此”解.
此時要注意：so後的系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞須同前一句的謂語動詞保持一致.如：
I enjoy reading the book and so does my wife.
我喜歡看這本書,我的妻子也喜歡.
Tony takes exercise every day and so does his younger brother.
託尼每天鍛鍊，他的弟弟也鍛鍊。
Carol is very pretty and so is her sister.
卡羅爾很漂亮，她姐姐也很漂亮。
He likes skating and so do I.
他喜歡滑冰，我也喜歡。
Dick speaks French and so does his brother.
狄克講法語，他弟弟也講法語。
I enjoy Ann's company and so does Martin
我喜歡和安在一起，馬丁也一樣。
《柯林斯高階英漢雙解學習詞典》
so用於肯定句,相對應的否定句則用neither/ nor.如：
I don”t like carrots.我不喜歡胡蘿蔔.
Neither do I.我也不喜歡.
Jenny has never been late for class.Neither/Nor her younger brother.
珍妮上課從不遲到，她弟弟也不遲到。
上面的試題也是這個用法的考察：
---I'm not going swimming this afternoon.
--- Neither am I .I have to help my mother do some cleaning
今天下午將不去游泳。
今天下午我也不去游泳。我得幫助媽媽打掃衛生。
3.so ＋主語＋系動詞（助動詞或情態動詞）此句型的主語與前一句的主語相同,因而主謂不倒裝.
這種句型表示說話者對前句所提到的情況或事實表示贊同,或證實、加強語氣等作用；表示對前面陳述事實的強調，結構為：so+主語+助動詞/情態動詞/be動詞其中so作“不錯；確實如此”解.如：
Tony works very hard at all the subjects.So he does.
託尼在所有科目上都很用功。他確實如此。
Tomorrow is a holiday.''So it is.'
“明天是休假日。”“的確是。”
－It is cold today. 今天天氣很冷
－So it is 不錯，是很冷。
－He studies hard. 他學習很努力。
－So he does. 確實如此。
‘You were there, too.’ ‘ So I was ─I'd forgotten.’
“當時你也在那兒。”“是啊——我給忘了。”
‘There's another one.’ ‘ So there is .’
“還有一個。”“可不是嗎。”
4.主語＋表示看法、意見等動詞＋so
在此句型中,so只用於避免重複前面所說過的內容,等於代替肯定的名詞性從句.可與
believe,imagine,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose,think等動詞及I”m afraid連用.
Is he going to study abroad?
他打算去留學嗎?
I believe so.（＝I believe （that）he is going to study abroad.）我想是的.
此時要注意：think so,believe so,expect so,等變為否定形式有兩種方法：
（1）可以用動詞的否定結構.如：I don”t believe（suppose,think …）so等；
（2）也可用not代替so,但be afraid so,fear so,hope so等變為否定形式只能用not代替so.
如：I hope not,I fear not,I”m afraid not.
要注意此用法不能和表示確信、疑問的詞連用.
如：I”m sure of it.
我確信如此.
5.主語+do+so
在此句型中,so和動詞do連用,可用來替代上文出現過的動賓和動狀結構,以避免重複.如：
They asked me to call them and I did so (= I called) .
他們要我叫他們，於是我就叫了。
Have you handed in your homework?
I did so.(did so=handed in my homework)
你的作業交了嗎？我的作業交了。
6.作連詞時,意為“因此,所以”引導目的或結果狀語從句.如：
I”m going to take an early bus so that I”ll get there in time.
我打算乘早班公共汽車,以便及時趕到那裡.（目的狀語從句）
I took an early bus so that I got there in time.
我乘了早班公共汽車,及時趕到了那裡.（結果狀語從句）
It was late, so I went home.
天晚了，所以我就回家了。
The shop is closed, so I can't buy the bread.
商店關門了，所以我不能買麵包。
The woman asked if he could perhaps mend her fences, and so he stayed
女人問他能否給她修一修籬笆，於是他留了下來。
《柯林斯高階英漢雙解學習詞典》
其他常見結構：
常見結構：
and so on/and so forth：等等；
so as to（do）：以便；
so that+從句：以便
例：
We discussed everything─when to go, what to see and so on.
我們什麼都商量過了——什麼時候走、看什麼等等。
We study Politics,Chinese,English and so on.
我們學政治、中文、英文等等。
We eat different vegetables， such as tomato，potato，celery，and so on.
我們吃不同的蔬菜，如西紅柿、土豆、芹菜等。
They got up early so as to catch the first bus.
他們起得很早以便趕上第一班車。
We went early so as to get good seats.
為了佔到好座位，我們早早就去了。
They got up so early that they could catch the first bus.
他們起得很早，能趕上第一班車。
She spoke so quietly (that) I could hardly hear her.
她說話輕得我幾乎聽不見。
I'm not so stupid as to believe that.
我還不至於傻得連那樣的話都相信。
I'm so glad to see you.
見到你真高興。（so相當於very）
We have so much to do.
我們有很多事要做。（so相當於very）
The programme has been so organized that none of the talks overlap.
日程做了精心安排，以使每一講都沒有重複內容。
(so後直接跟動詞，翻譯時靈活把握含義)
He took her arm and hurried her upstairs so that they wouldn't be overheard
他挽起她的手臂，帶她匆匆上了樓，這樣別人就聽不見他們說的話了。
《柯林斯高階英漢雙解學習詞典》
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