(3)定语从句中的时态。
如果主句是一般将来时或过去将来时,从句的动作与主句的同时发生,那么该从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时、用一般过去时表示过去将来时。
例如:
Anyone who/that touches the wire will get an electric shock. 任何碰这根电线的人将受到电击。(不用will touch)
I would give her anything that she asked for. 她要什么我就给她什么。(不用would ask)
The first person who/that opens the door will get a shock. 第一个开门的人将被吓一跳。(不用will open)
There will be a special price for anybody who orders a suit in the next two weeks. 任何人在下两周内定做套装都将享受优惠价格。(不用will order)
如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生,则两部分都要用来将来时,
例如:Those who will go abroad for training next year will start learning English tomorrow. 那些明年出国受训的人员,将从明天开始学习外语。
![【考研英语】基础语法:定语从句中的时态](http://p2.ttnews.xyz/loading.gif)
注:①先行词有最高级形容词修饰时,常用that,而不用which:
例如:
Edison was one of the greatest inventors that ever lived. 爱迪生是曾经有过的最伟大的发明家之一。
This is the best film that I’ve ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。
She was the greatest woman that/who has ever lived. 她是曾经有过的最伟大的女人。
②先行词有the same, the very, the first, the last, all, no, the only, much, little, none, any, every等时,常用that, 而不用which:
例如:
He was the first man that we saw in the village. 他是我们在那个村子里看到的第一个人。
There is little that is interesting. 没什么令人感兴趣。
I still remember the first time that we met. 我仍然记得我们第一次见面的时候。
I’ll do anything (that) I can to help you. 我将尽一切可能帮助你。
Everything that can be done has been done. 能做的一切都做了。
God bless this ship and all who sail in her. 愿上帝保佑此船和所有乘此船航行的人。
All that I can say is thank you very much. 我能说的是(千言万语变成一句话):非常感谢你。
③当先行词既有人又有物时,用that,不用which.
例如:
We were deeply impressed by the workers and their working conditions that we had visited. 我们参观过的工人及他们的工作条件留下了深刻印象。
We listened to him talk about the men and books that interested him. 我们听他谈论他感兴趣的人物和书籍。
④在same和such之后,定语从句用as引导,
例如:
Let’s discuss only such questions as concern us. 让我们只讨论与我们有关的问题。
I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我从来没听说过他讲的这种故事。
I shall be surprised if he does this in the same way as I do. 如果他做这件事的方法和我一样,那就奇怪了。
She works in the same office as I do. 她和我在同一个办公室工作。
She wears the same kind of clothes as her sister does. 她姐妹俩穿同样的衣服。
He’s wearing the same dress as he wore at Mary’s wedding. 他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。
This is the same watch as I have lost. 这块表和我丢的那块一样。
I’ve never seen such kind of people as they are. 我从来没见过像他们这样的人。
I’ve never seen such kind people as they are. 我从来没见过象他们这样厚道的人。
I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
但是,如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生,则两部分都要用来将来时,
④在same和such之后,定语从句用as引导,偶尔,the same 后面也用that,
例如:
He’s wearing the same suit that he wore at Mary’s wedding. 他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。
She works in the same office that I do. 她和我在同一个办公室工作。
This is the same watch that I have lost. 这块表和我丢的那块一样。
![【考研英语】基础语法:定语从句中的时态](http://p2.ttnews.xyz/loading.gif)
as 引导非限定性定语从句即可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时,后面常接下列句型。如:as is known, as is said, as is reported as is announced 等。
例如:
As we all know, Mr. Wang is a good teacher.
As is known to all, the earth revolves round the sun.
He is tired, as you can see.
As I expected, he didn’t believe me.
As 引导非限定性定语从句时与which的区别:当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which。
例如:
He made a long speech, as was expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
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