今天橙子媽媽想和小夥伴們一起學習的是中考必考點被動語態。在英語中，被動語態使用得比漢語要多，要普遍，但大多數句子都使用主動語態。被動語態在英語中極為重要。許多課本及考試乃至實際應用中都常常涉及到這個問題。學到被動我就經常想起橙子媽媽的大學論文導師告訴我們，一定要記得在論文寫作中能使用被動的就用被動句，因為這樣會使文章顯得更加客觀。所以被動語態常用於陳述事實，一般用在科技文章或新聞報道中。
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被動語態導入
想到被動語態，大家應該最先會想到我們平時使用的“把”字句表示被動的意義吧，例如“我今天把小紅訓哭了”。注意：那些漢語中有“被……”的短語往往又不是被動語態，而是主系表結構。 讓我們一起來看一下新目標九年級英語當中的被動句是怎麼體現的！
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?
Unit6 When was it invented？
Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
讓我們一起看一下下面這個句子如何變被動：
小夥伴們能看出來咱們母語當中使用的被動句和英文當中的被動句有什麼區別嗎？沒錯，我們中文被動還是主語和賓語的位置不需要顛倒就可以表示被動意義，但是在英文當中就需要特殊的句式變化才可以！
主動語態和被動語態的轉換:
主動語態變被動語態時，主動語態句中的賓語變成被動語態句中的主語，主動語態句中的主語成為被動語態句中的動作的執行者。（小夥伴可以自己來試一下變化）
1) They speak English. _______________________________
2) Tom sells bikes in that shop everyday. __________________
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被動語態用法
1. 當我們不知道動作的執行者是誰，或動作的執行者是誰並不重要時，需用被動語態。
Eg. Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.
The new text book will be used next term.
2. 當需要強調動作的承受者時，常用被動語態。
Eg. This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.
Thethief was caught by a policeman yesterday.
3. 被動語態基本結構 : be done（通過上述三個單元可以得出）
注意點:（be 必須與主語的人稱和數量保持一致，並有時態的變化）
主謂一致莫忘記，句中時態要留意
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被動語態基本結構觀察下列句子(留意各種時態和情態動詞的被動語態)
1. English is spoken in many countries.
2. The children are taken good care of in the kindergarten.
3. A new car factory will be built in this city this year.
4. Wang weiwas praised by the teacher for what he had done.
5. The foreign experts were warmly welcomed by the local government.
6. I can’t drive you there. My car is being repaired in the garage.
7. The trees are being watered by the students.
8. The president was being interviewed when the foreign mininster arrived.
9. My car has already been repaired.
10. My car had been repaired when Icame back.
11. The work must be finished today.
12. Theold should/ought to be respected.
你能歸納出被動語態的基本結構嗎？
如(1)一般現在時：主語+(am,are,is)+done,我們可以得出以下表格關於被動語態，當然這是整個高中階段都會用到的被動，但是橙子媽媽今天主要介紹的是初中階段常考察的四種被動結構。 （紅色標註）
各時態的被動語態：
1. 一般現在時： am/is/are+done
一般過去時：was/were+done
練習：
1）Rice___________ (grow) in our hometown every year.
2）The fire ________ （put） out by the firemen two minutes ago.
3） _______ the windows _______ (close) by Tom everyday?
4）_______ these photos _______ (take) by them last time?
5）How often ________ a meeting ____________ (hold) in your company ?
2.一般將來時：
①will/shall+ be done
②am/is/are goingto+ be done
1）Many people _______________ (invite) to our showtomorrow.
2）A party _______________ (organize) by our school tonight.
3）__________ the meeting _________ (hold) in the hall next week?
4）___________ all the roads ___________ (cover) with snow tomorrow morning?
3.情態動詞的被動語態： 情態動詞+be done
練習:1）He must__________(take)to hospital.
2）Homework may____________(not hand) in tomorrow.
3）Thousands of trees should________(grow)on each side of the road.
4）Should the bottle ______________ (shake) before the medicine is taken?
5）When should the work ___________ (finish)?
解題技巧
①判斷主語和所填動詞之間是否存在被動關係，當被動關係存在時，我們再按照句子中提供的時間狀語判斷應該填入何種被動語態！
②橙子媽媽經常和學生說，如果選項中有兩個選項是被動語態，這個題目考察被動語態的概率基本在70%，所以很多時候小夥伴們做題還是需要講究一定的方式和技巧的！
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被動語態的特殊用法1.不及物動詞及連繫動詞不能用於被動語態。常見詞有：happen， take place，change, look，sound， feel，smell， taste，become 等.（特別重要小夥伴要記清楚這些詞）
如：The story happened on a cold night.
The food tasted delicious.
2.在主動語態中省“to”的動詞不定式，在被動語態中要加“to”。常用詞有：see，find， hear，watch，make 等。（中考的重難點，小夥伴一定要記住哦）
如：I saw him play football on the playground just now.
→He was seen to play football on the playground just now.
3.有雙賓語的句子變成被動語態有兩種情況
①間接賓語(人)變成被動語態的主語，直接賓語
(物)仍保留在原位。如：He gave me a pen yesterday. → I was given a pen (by him) yesterday.
②直接賓語(物)變成被動語態的主語，在間接賓語(人)前加介詞to或for(make，buy等用 for)。
如：He gave me a pen yesterday. → A pen was given to me (by him) yesterday.
My mother bought me a book last Sunday. → A book was bought for me (by my mother)last Sunday.
4.動詞短語變為被動語態時不能漏掉其中的介詞或副詞。
如：Weshould listen to the teacher carefully in class.
→The teacher should be listened to carefully in class(by us).
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自我挑戰自我檢測一
( )1.Flowers
along the road last year.A. plant B. planted
C. are planted D. were planted
( )2. —I want to borrowthe book，but I don't know howlong it will .
—For two weeks.
A. keep B. be borrowed
C. be kept D. borrow
( )3.From May 6， pedestrians(行人) 10yuan if they run red lights， according to Beijing traffic authorities.
A. will fine B. were fined
C. are fine D. will be fined
( )4. It was reported that nine Chinese people in a balloon crash (墜毀) in Australia on March24,2015.
A. were killed B. are killed
C. will kill D. have killed
( )5.—How often do I need to feed the dog？
—It
food every day，or it will be hungry.A. is give B. will give
C. is given D . will be gave
自我檢測二
()1.—The food looked bad，but it OK.
— So we can't judge a man by his appearance.
A.is tasted B.tasted
C.was tasted D. taste
()2.Thispair of shoes hand， and it very comfortable.
A. is made with；is felt
B. are made from；is felt
C. are made of；feels
D. is made by；feels
(
3.Since2000，Jingmen has become a new city. Everything .A. is changed B. was changed
C. had changed D. has changed
()4.—Doesshe like singing English songs？
—Yes. She to sing English songs in her room.
A.was often heard B. is often heard
C. often hears D. heard
()5.—Whydo you collect so many old bikes
？—I'll have them and give away to the children who don't have bikes.
A. used up B. given up
C. fixed up D set up
答案：
自我檢測一 1－5 DCDAC
自我檢測二1－5BDDBC
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