原创 MNT 医学营养MNT 1周前
图1. 本研究中使用的谷粒图片
全谷粒品种由韩国农村发展局(KRDA)提供。清洁小米粒并使用电动磨机将其粉碎成细粉,并通过40号筛网进行筛分。在提取之前,将样品存储在-20°C下。
01
研究评估了韩国栽培的四个小米品种的体外潜在抗氧化和抗糖尿病特性。使用2,2'-叠氮基双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS +)和2,2'-二苯基-1-吡啶并肼基(DPPH)自由基清除试验,然后进行α-葡萄糖苷酶,α-淀粉酶和高级糖基化终产物(AGEs)形成抑制试验。
游离馏分中各成分的含量表
成分
含 量
总酚
107.8-136.4 mg FAE / 100 g
类黄酮
101.3-115.8 mg CE/ 100 g
缩合单宁
17.65-59.54 mg CE/ 100 g
意大利手指小米的总酚含量最高(136.4 mg FAE / 100 g)和黄酮含量最高(115.8 mg CE / 100 g)。
02
Barnyard 和意大利手指小米显示出最高的DPPH(IC50=359.6 µg / mL和436.25 µg / mL)和ABTS自由基清除活性(IC50=362.40 µg / mL和381.65 µg / mL)。
图2. 小米品种乙醇提取物的抗氧化能力。
(A)2,2'-二苯基-1-吡啶并肼基(DPPH)自由基清除活性的IC 50值;(B) 2,2′-叠氮基双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除活性的IC 50值。FIM,手指意大利小米;BM,bar谷子;M,小米;IM,意大利小米。不同的小写字母表示显着差异(p <0.05)。
03
意大利手指小米也显著表现出较低的IC50为α-葡糖苷酶的抑制百分比(18.07µg/ml)和α-淀粉酶(10.56µ g/ml),与阿卡波糖相比(IC50= 59.34µg/ml和27.73µg/ml),与氨基胍(AG)(52.30 µg / mL)相比,分别形成了AGEs(33.68 µg / mL)和AGEs(33.68 µg / mL)。
图3. 小米品种乙醇提取物中的消化酶和高级糖基化终产物的抑制活性。(A)α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的IC 50值;(B)α-淀粉酶抑制活性的IC 50值;(C)和晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)的抑制活性IC 50值。FIM,手指意大利小米;BM,bar谷子;M,小米;IM,意大利小米。不同的小写字母表示显着差异(p <0.05)。
04
本研究为选定的韩国小米谷物的抗氧化和抗糖尿病潜力提供了新的见解。在意大利手指小米中鉴定出的所有八种酚类化合物均为类黄酮,其中黄烷醇为主要亚类。小米黄酮类化合物在2型糖尿病的预防和控制中起着重要作用,与常用药物阿卡波糖相比,这些小米品种的可溶性酚类化合物(主要为类黄酮)显示出对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶活性的有效抑制作用,表明它们具有通过延迟碳水化合物消化减少餐后高血糖的潜力。此外,酚类成分(主要是类黄酮)显示出强效的抗糖化特性,表明它们具有减少AGEs有害后果的潜力。需要对动物模型进行进一步的研究以确认这些谷粒的抗糖尿病能力。意大利手指小米有潜力被开发为功能性食品。
关键词
谷粒 ; 抗氧化活性 ; 酚类化合物 ; 类黄酮 ; 消化酶抑制剂 ; 高级糖化终产物 ; 功能食品
资料来源
Antioxidants 2020, 9(3), 254;
ID:doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030254
发表时间:2020年3月20日
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