《柳葉刀》主編:特朗普“撤資”世衛組織是對全人類的犯罪

《柳葉刀》主編:特朗普“撤資”世衛組織是對全人類的犯罪

當地時間25日,英國知名醫學雜誌《柳葉刀》的主編理查德·霍頓在該雜誌上刊文批評特朗普“撤資”世衛組織的做法,稱此舉是“對全人類的犯罪”。


霍頓在文中寫道,“世衛組織的唯一宗旨就是保護世界各國人民的健康和福祉,因此特朗普總統作出的傷害這個機構的決定是對全人類的犯罪”。他呼籲美國政府立即恢復對世衛組織的資助,並向該機構提供無條件支持。


Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet medical journal, criticized U.S. President Donald Trump's decision to suspend funding to the World Health Organization (WHO), calling it a "crime against humanity."


《柳葉刀》主編:特朗普“撤資”世衛組織是對全人類的犯罪

Girls from Iquitos wait in a line for food in a makeshift camp created by them outside a military airport in Lima, Peru, April 25, 2020. /AP


"President Trump's decision to harm an agency whose sole purpose is to protect the health and wellbeing of the world's peoples is a crime against humanity. It is a knowing and inhumane attack against the global civilian population," Horton wrote in an article published on the website of The Lancet on Saturday.


He urged Trump to "restore WHO's funding immediately and offer the agency his full and unconditional backing.”


《柳葉刀》主編:特朗普“撤資”世衛組織是對全人類的犯罪

U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during the daily briefing on the novel coronavirus in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, D.C., April 14, 2020. /AFP


當地時間14日,美國總統特朗普在白宮記者會上宣佈美國將停止資助世界衛生組織。特朗普指責世衛組織在處理新冠疫情時表現欠佳,沒有及時公佈疫情信息,沒有出臺有效的防疫措施。


特朗普此舉遭到了各界人士的批評。路透社在一篇報道中稱,民主黨人曾致信特朗普,要求美國立即恢復對世衛組織的資助。他們指責特朗普試圖把世衛組織當做“替罪羊”,目的是轉移人們對美國政府疫情應對措施的不滿情緒


Trump announced on April 14 the suspension of U.S. funding to the WHO for its alleged mishandling of the COVID-19 pandemic. The decision sparked criticism across the world, as many politicians and leaders of international organizations called for solidarity in the fight against the global public health crisis.


霍頓發表在《柳葉刀》的這篇文章詳細回顧了世衛組織應對新冠肺炎疫情的時間線,有力駁斥了特朗普將疫情的大流行歸咎於世衛組織的不當言論。


In his article "Offline: Why President Trump is wrong about WHO," Horton reviewed the timeline of the organization's COVID-19 response, noting that it said publicly that "human-to-human transmission was possible" as early as January 14.


世衛組織抗擊新冠肺炎疫情時間線:


  • 2019年12月31日,中國報告了湖北省武漢市的一組肺炎病例,最終確認了一種新型冠狀病毒;
  • 2020年1月1日,世衛組織在該組織三個層級(總部、區域總部和國家一級)組建事故管理支持小組並進入抗疫緊急狀態 ;
  • 1月4日,世衛組織在社交媒體上報道,中國湖北省武漢市報告了一組肺炎病例,無死亡病例;
  • 1月5日,世衛組織發佈該組織關於新型病毒的第一期《疾病暴發新聞》。《疾病暴發新聞》是世衛組織面向科學界和公共衛生界以及全球媒體的主要技術出版物。該期包含一項風險評估和建議,並報告了中國向世衛組織通報的在武漢發生的聚集性肺炎病例患者狀況和公共衛生對策;
  • 1月7日開始,世衛組織定期通過電話會議向各國負責公共衛生的官員通報疫情,其中包括美國;
  • 1月10日,世衛組織發佈了一整套綜合性技術指導 ,根據當時對該病毒的瞭解 ,向所有國家提供瞭如何發現、檢測和管理潛在病例的建議 ;
  • 1月12日,中國分享了新冠病毒的基因序列;
  • 1月14日,世衛組織專家瑪麗亞·範·科霍夫博士在新聞發佈會上指出,可能發生了有限的人與人之間傳播冠狀病毒的現象(在41例確診病例中),主要是通過家庭成員傳播,並稱有可能暴發更大範圍的疫情;
  • 1月20-21日,世衛組織駐華代表處和西太平洋區域辦事處的專家對武漢進行短暫實地考察;
  • 1月22-23日,世衛組織總幹事根據《國際衛生條例(2005)》召集突發事件委員會開會,評估疫情是否構成“國際關注的突發公共衛生事件”。來自世界各地的獨立委員根據當時掌握的證據無法達成一致意見,他們要求在收到更多信息後再次舉行會議;
  • 1月30日,世衛組織總幹事重新召集了突發事件委員會,這次委員會達成共識,並告知總幹事該疫情構成“國際關注的突發公共衛生事件”。總幹事接受了該建議 ,並宣佈新冠疫情為“國際關注的突發公共衛生事件” 。


《柳葉刀》主編:特朗普“撤資”世衛組織是對全人類的犯罪

U.S. President Donald Trump speaks about the coronavirus in the White House, April 23, 2020. /AP


霍頓在文中說,從時間線可以推出的結論是,世衛組織僅用了4天時間就將這種新的“不明原因肺炎”的存在向全世界進行了通報,而將疫情列為“國際關注的突發公共衛生事件”也不過用了30天。


"On Jan 4, 2020, WHO tweeted that '#China has reported to WHO a cluster of #pneumonia cases – with no deaths – in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Investigations are underway to identify the cause of this illness," Horton wrote.


"On Jan 14, the possibility of human-to-human transmission was raised by WHO's Maria Van Kerkhove at a WHO press briefing," he added.


It took the agency just four days to inform the world about the "pneumonia of unknown cause" after it was first reported in China and just 30 days to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), he said.


《柳葉刀》主編:特朗普“撤資”世衛組織是對全人類的犯罪


當地時間2月24日,特朗普在推特上說:“疾病預防控制中心和世界衛生組織一直在努力工作,(他們)非常聰明”。反觀特朗普日前對世衛組織的指責,霍頓在文中寫道,“他如今對世衛組織的指控與他先前對該機構的稱讚是自相矛盾的”。


霍頓總結說,以上種種,都說明特朗普對世衛組織的指控是“沒有根據的”。


Trump tweeted on February 24 that "CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) & World Health [Organization] have been working hard and very smart," Horton noted. "His present attack on WHO contradicts his earlier praise for the agency."


Horton stressed that Trump's accusations of the WHO are "without foundation."


4月初,《華盛頓郵報》發表了一篇深度調查報道,全景式地回顧了美國在新冠肺炎疫情最初70天的失敗應對及背後的深層原因。報道稱,現在看來,那個時期正好是被浪費的關鍵時期。


An investigative report by the Washington Post said earlier this month that Trump's denial and delayed response in the critical first 70 days of the outbreak had caused the U.S. to suffer through a situation that could have been mitigated with decisive action.


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