一個公司的運維基礎，監控體系是必不可少的，常用的有很多，如：nagios\\catai\\zabbix等，今天我來分享一個zabbix 建立的過程：
一.安裝mysql
1.建立Mysql賬號
groupadd mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql
2.創建mysql軟件目錄並修改權限
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
3.安裝依賴包
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel
4.下載源碼包並解壓
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxf mysql-5.7.11.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.11
5.編譯
cmake \\
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \\
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \\
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \\
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \\
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \\
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \\
> -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \\
> -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \\
> -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
6.安裝
make && make install
7. 初始化MySQL
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
8. 添加MySQL服務並設置開機啟動
cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
cd /etc/init.d/
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
log-error = /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
#skip-networking
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
server-id = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
10. 重啟MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
11. 登錄MySQL
cd ../bin/
./mysql -uroot -p //第一次登錄MySQL，密碼文件在，也可以從make install 最後的一行看到密碼，若看不到可以參考以下修改密碼的步驟
Enter password:
12.忘記root密碼可通過以下方法修改
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
重啟mysqld服務，重新登陸已不需要密碼
13.修改root密碼
use mysql
update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD(‘zabbix‘) where User=‘root‘;
14.退出刪除mysql.cnf中的skip-grant-tables，以新密碼重新登陸即可
15.首次登陸需要重新設置一下新密碼，否則任何命令都會提示：
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
set password for root@localhost = password(‘zabbix‘);
16.創建zabbix數據庫
create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by ‘zabbix‘;
二.安裝Zabbix
1.安裝官方的yum源
rpm -ivh http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
2.yum安裝zabbix-server\\zabbix-web\\zabbix-agent
yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent
3.初始化數據庫
cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.0.*
zcat create.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -pzabbix zabbix
4.編輯zabbix server配置文件
vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
5.開啟zabbix server以及agent服務並設置開機啟動
systemctl start zabbix-server
systemctl enable zabbix-server
systemctl start zabbix-agent
systemctl enable zabbix-agent
6.確保php的配置符合zabbix的要求(默認已含下列配置)，並修改timezone為PRC
vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
php_value max_execution_time 300
php_value memory_limit 128M
php_value post_max_size 16M
php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
php_value max_input_time 300
php_value always_populate_raw_post_data -1
php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
7.開啟Apache服務並設置開機啟動
systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd
8.打開zabbix頁面http://10.10.10.110/zabbix/，首次要求初始化，一路next配置下去就行
注意：確保mysql.sock協議文件在/var/lib/mysql/下，如果不在可通過my.cnf修改
9.修改語言
Zabbix 3.0.3可以直接在界面上修改為簡體中文
三.Agent安裝（客戶端，內網IP需要修改成外網IP）
groupadd zabbix
useradd zabbix -g zabbix -s /sbin/nologin
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/3.0.3/zabbix-3.0.3.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zabbix-3.0.3.tar.gz
cd zabbix-3.0.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix/ --enable-agent
make
make install
sed -i ‘s/^Server=.*/Server=10.10.10.110/g‘ /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
sed -i ‘s/^ServerActive=.*/ServerActive=10.10.10.110/g‘ /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
sed -i ‘s/^Hostname=.*/Hostname=TestHost/g‘ /usr/local/zabbix/etc/abbix_agentd.conf
啟動agent服務
/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd start
設置開機啟動
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加以下內容
/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd start
四.附加配置
1.開放系統防火牆端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.17.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="80" accept"
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.17.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="10050" accept"
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.17.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="10051" accept"
firewall-cmd --reload
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