As Europe shuts down, Britain takes a different, and contentious, approach
歐洲停擺，英國另闢蹊徑引爭議
Prime Minister Boris Johnson of Britain once said his political hero was the mayor in the film“Jaws,”praising him for defying mass hysteria to keep the beaches open after a constituent is eaten by a shark.
英國首相鮑里斯.約翰遜曾表示，電影《大白鯊》中的市長是他心中的政治英雄。該市長在一名選民被鯊魚吃掉後，仍“力排眾議”繼續開放海灘，這一行為得到了首相的稱讚。
While countries across Europe have shut schools,sporting events and even restaurants and bars,Johnson has largely kept Britain open, opting fo rmore targeted measures like asking people with respiratory symptoms to stay home. In effect, his government has said that mass closures will not halt the outbreak, and that exposing a large segment of the population will help build immunity and limit future infections.
歐洲多國的學校、體育活動、甚至餐館和酒吧已被叫停，與此同時，約翰遜W、公工良BTH7BHC J17XH41丁， 丁uiejhJ ，二J幹11 工讓英國保持運轉，並選擇了更有針對性的方法一比如讓有呼吸系統症狀的人待在家裡。實際上，鮑里斯政府表示大規模叫停集會活動不會阻止疫情暴發，而讓大量人口暴露於病毒下會有助於建立起整個群體的免疫力，並遏制新傳播。
That strategy has startled some epidemiologists,drawn criticism from a former health secretary and political ally, and prompted angry demands that Johnson's government reveal more of its reasoning.
這一策略令一些流行病學家感到震驚，也引發一名前衛生大臣兼政治盟友的指責，同時也激起了眾怒，要求鮑里斯政府公開更多這一政策背後的理由。
Herd immunity, a term usually used to refer to the way mass vaccinations can stop the spread of disease and protect people who are not immune, is not seen by many scientists as a tool to be used against the coronavirus.
群體免疫，通常指的是相當數量的人接種疫苗後可以抑制疾病蔓延並保護沒有免疫力的人。而在很多科學家看來，這並不是一個可以用來對抗新型冠狀病毒的手段。
“Herd immunity means 70% of people or so have been infected,”said Martin Hibberd, a professor of infectious diseases at the L ondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.“In my mind, that's not a desirable aim. That's a kind of consequence of the strategy."
倫敦衛生與熱帶醫學院的傳染病學教授馬丁. 希伯德表示:“ 群體免疫意味著在那之前70%左右的人口要感染上病毒。在我看來，那不是個令人嚮往的目標，更像是這一策略帶來的後果。
And he said the government's approach may not rely enough on testing. Without knowing whether Britain is suffering a more concentrated outbreak,as in the north of Italy, or whether its death rate is as low as it believes, it is difficult to craft the right response.
並且他還提到，政府的這條舉措或許沒有充分依靠病毒檢測。人們還不知道英國是否像意大利北部一樣，正在經歷著一個更集中的疫情暴發，也不知道英國的死亡率是否如其相信的一樣低，在這種情況下要制定出正確應對措施是很困難的。
“If there's something | feel is missing,”he said,“it's that they haven't tested sufficiently."
他說道:‘如果說我覺得有什麼疏漏的話，那麼就是政府對於病毒的檢測是不足的。
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